Rocks are solid masses found on Earth's surface and under oceans, formed mostly of minerals. Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances that have been present on Earth for millions of years, with the oldest over 3.9 billion years old. There are hundreds of rock types and thousands of mineral types, but only eight minerals and 20 rock types are common at Earth's surface. Rocks and minerals are important - rocks like granite and marble are used in construction, while metals, graphite, and borax are extracted from rocks. Minerals also have many uses like talcum powder, cement, fertilizers, and gemstones.

1. ROCKS AND MINERALS
BY VIDHYA.R
2ND SEM BBA

2. ROCKS AND MINERALS
• Rocks are consolidated solid mass found on earth’s surface and
under the oceans. Most rocks are formed of minerals .
• Minerals are naturally occurring chemical substances formed through
inorganic processes.
• Rocks and minerals have been present on earth for millions of years.
The oldest rocks are believed to be 3.9 billion years old.

3. • There are about hundreds of different types of rocks and thousands of
different types of minerals. However, only eight minerals and 20 different types
of rocks are found on earth surface.
• Others are buried deep inside the earth and oceans . Different types of
elements combine to form different types of rocks.

4. IMPORTANCE OF ROCKS
• Rocks like granite and marble are used in construction of buildings.
• Limestone is used for making cement, used in construction works.
• Metals like iron, aluminum, lead, and tin are extracted from rocks.
• Rocks consist of useful minerals like graphite and borax.

5. IMPORTANCE OF MINERALS
• Graphite is mineral used in making pencil lead and crayons.
• Talcum powder is made from talc.
• Cement, fertilizers and chemicals are made from minerals.
• Various gemstones used for jewellery are minerals.

6. Types of rocks
• Metamorphic rocks
• Igneous rocks
• Sedimentary rocks

7. Metamorphic rocks
• Metamorphic rocks are formed as a result physical and chemical
transformation of igneous and sedimentary rocks.

8. Igneous rocks
• Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of molten rocks. Deep inside the
earth, where temperatures and pressure are extremely high, rocks are present
in a molten state.

9. Sedimentary rocks
• Sedimentary rocks are formed from loose rock particles, minerals, plants and
animal materials that accumulate together.

10. Thank you