This document provides an overview of robotic surgery in India. It discusses the types of robotic surgery systems including supervisory-controlled, telesurgical, and shared-control systems. It outlines some common robotic procedures like abdominal, cardiac, gynecologic, head and neck, and urologic surgery. The benefits of robotic surgery for both patients and surgeons are highlighted. It also discusses robotic surgery costs in India which are significantly lower than in other countries. Top cities for robotic surgery in India are mentioned.
Dissection is defined as the separation of tissues with hemostasis. It consists of a sensory visual and tactile component, an access component involving tissue manipulation, and instrument maneuverability.
On July 11, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first completely robotic surgery device, the da Vinci surgical system from Intuitive Surgical (Mountain View, CA).
This document describes the extralevator abdominoperineal excision (APE) technique for rectal cancer. APE involves removing the levator muscles and anal canal en bloc through an extended posterior perineal approach. This results in a more cylindrical specimen compared to conventional abdominoperineal resection (APR), reducing risks of a positive circumferential resection margin or bowel perforation. In a study of 28 patients who underwent APE, the technique had a low rate of complications and local recurrence compared to conventional APR. Reconstruction using a gluteus maximus flap also reduced perineal wound issues.
Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Intra- and Extraperitoneal TechniquesGeorge S. Ferzli
1) Laparoscopic prostatectomy has evolved from techniques used in hernia repair and other pelvic surgeries.
2) There are two main techniques for laparoscopic prostatectomy - intraperitoneal (transperitoneal) and extraperitoneal.
3) Early data suggests the oncologic and functional results of laparoscopic prostatectomy are encouraging and similar to open prostatectomy, but more data is still needed given the small number of patients.
CT urography is a radiological technique that uses CT imaging after intravenous contrast administration to evaluate the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. It is used to identify abnormalities in patients with hematuria, prior urinary cancers, or recurrent infections. During the procedure, the patient lies on an examination table that slides into a CT scanner, which rotates around the patient to obtain images. CT urography provides more detailed images than conventional radiography and can detect other abdominal or pelvic abnormalities. The procedure involves intravenous contrast injection followed by multiple phases of CT scanning.
Appendicitis was first recognized as a disease entity in the 16th century and was called perityphlitis. McBurney first described its clinical findings in 1889.
Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, involves using small incisions and instruments to operate on the abdominal organs through the abdominal wall. Key aspects include insufflating the abdominal cavity with carbon dioxide gas to provide space to see and operate, inserting telescopes and instruments through ports, and performing the actual operation using long narrow instruments. Advantages over open surgery include smaller incisions, less pain, quicker recovery, and improved cosmesis. Complications can still occur but are less common than with open surgery. Today laparoscopic techniques are used for many abdominal operations.
Dissection is defined as the separation of tissues with hemostasis. It consists of a sensory visual and tactile component, an access component involving tissue manipulation, and instrument maneuverability.
On July 11, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first completely robotic surgery device, the da Vinci surgical system from Intuitive Surgical (Mountain View, CA).
This document describes the extralevator abdominoperineal excision (APE) technique for rectal cancer. APE involves removing the levator muscles and anal canal en bloc through an extended posterior perineal approach. This results in a more cylindrical specimen compared to conventional abdominoperineal resection (APR), reducing risks of a positive circumferential resection margin or bowel perforation. In a study of 28 patients who underwent APE, the technique had a low rate of complications and local recurrence compared to conventional APR. Reconstruction using a gluteus maximus flap also reduced perineal wound issues.
Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Intra- and Extraperitoneal TechniquesGeorge S. Ferzli
1) Laparoscopic prostatectomy has evolved from techniques used in hernia repair and other pelvic surgeries.
2) There are two main techniques for laparoscopic prostatectomy - intraperitoneal (transperitoneal) and extraperitoneal.
3) Early data suggests the oncologic and functional results of laparoscopic prostatectomy are encouraging and similar to open prostatectomy, but more data is still needed given the small number of patients.
CT urography is a radiological technique that uses CT imaging after intravenous contrast administration to evaluate the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. It is used to identify abnormalities in patients with hematuria, prior urinary cancers, or recurrent infections. During the procedure, the patient lies on an examination table that slides into a CT scanner, which rotates around the patient to obtain images. CT urography provides more detailed images than conventional radiography and can detect other abdominal or pelvic abnormalities. The procedure involves intravenous contrast injection followed by multiple phases of CT scanning.
Appendicitis was first recognized as a disease entity in the 16th century and was called perityphlitis. McBurney first described its clinical findings in 1889.
Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, involves using small incisions and instruments to operate on the abdominal organs through the abdominal wall. Key aspects include insufflating the abdominal cavity with carbon dioxide gas to provide space to see and operate, inserting telescopes and instruments through ports, and performing the actual operation using long narrow instruments. Advantages over open surgery include smaller incisions, less pain, quicker recovery, and improved cosmesis. Complications can still occur but are less common than with open surgery. Today laparoscopic techniques are used for many abdominal operations.
Robot-assisted surgery uses robotic systems to enhance the capabilities of surgeons. The document discusses how telemanipulators and computer control allow surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures with more precision and smaller incisions than traditional methods. Applications of robotic surgery discussed include use in ophthalmology, heart/thoracic, gastrointestinal, gynecology, general surgery, and urology. Compared to open surgeries, robotic procedures may result in less blood loss, pain, and faster healing times. However, robotic surgeries can take longer and have inconsistent evidence of benefits relative to their increased costs.
CT scans use X-rays and computer calculations to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body's internal structures. A CT scan of the urinary system can detect tumors, masses, stones, or cysts. The test is performed in a radiology department where the patient lies on a table that slides into a CT scanner. Dye may be injected into the patient's vein to enhance image quality. CT scans can distinguish between solid and liquid tissues and provide valuable information for examining kidney tumors and other abnormalities of the urinary tract. Risks of CT scanning are generally low but may include minor reactions to dye in rare cases more severe complications.
The document discusses trocar site herniation (TSH), a complication of minimal access surgery where abdominal contents protrude through incisions made for laparoscopic ports. TSH requires emergency repair and can lead to bowel complications if left untreated. The literature recommends preventative measures like fascial closure of port sites ≥10 mm to prevent TSH. Additional risk factors include port location, obesity, extensive port manipulation, and poor port closure technique. Proper closure of fascial defects at port sites is emphasized as the most important preventative factor against TSH. Various port closure instruments and techniques are described, including the use of a Veress needle which allows port closure to be performed internally under vision. Meticulous port closure can
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the standard procedure for gallbladder removal since the 1990s. Recently, single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has been developed to further reduce invasiveness. While technically challenging, SILC offers benefits like less pain, faster recovery, and better cosmetic outcomes compared to standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The document presents a study protocol to evaluate the benefits of SILC with intraoperative cholangiography, including safety, reduced invasiveness, and ability to manage unexpected bile duct issues. The prospective randomized study will compare outcomes of SILC with cholangiography to standard techniques in 100 patients. Results will help determine if S
The document discusses laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. It notes several problems with existing studies including historical controls, selection bias, and unclear definitions of laparoscopic procedures. Randomized controlled trials like the Barcelona trial and COLOR study found no differences in short-term outcomes or long-term survival between laparoscopic and open surgery. While laparoscopic surgery may be done outside of trials, open surgery remains valid and selection bias is a limitation since only a minority of patients are included in trials. Further randomized studies are still needed, especially for rectal cancer where open surgery may have advantages for low anastomoses or T4 tumors.
This document discusses anaesthesia considerations for robotic surgery. Key points include:
- Robotic surgery allows for improved precision, control and visualization compared to laparoscopic surgery.
- Patient positioning is critical and cannot be adjusted once the robot is docked, so optimal positioning is important.
- Physiologic perturbations like increased CO2 absorption and changes to ventilation and perfusion during pneumoperitoneum or one-lung ventilation must be managed.
- Access to the patient can be challenging with the robot in place, so airway management and monitoring require planning.
This document discusses robotic surgery and the da Vinci surgical system. It provides background on Dr. DeSalvo and his qualifications. It then discusses hysterectomy statistics and different surgical routes. The rest of the document discusses the evolution of technology leading to robotic surgery and the benefits of using the da Vinci system, including improved visualization and wristed instruments.
Robotic surgeries are becoming most popular in field of surgical departments due to its precision of hand in many cancer surgeries. Anaesthesia in these places are quite challenging due to lack place to move , a meticulous vigilance is always required for safety of patient and conduct safe Anesthesia
This document discusses the basic principles of laparoscopy. It describes the key differences between laparoscopic and open surgery for both patients and surgeons. For patients, laparoscopic surgery results in less pain, faster recovery times, and quicker return to normal activities due to smaller incisions. For surgeons, laparoscopy provides a magnified view but with altered tactile response and two-dimensional images. The document outlines the typical laparoscopic setup including the endoscope, light source, camera, monitor, insufflator, trocars and various instruments. It also lists some common laparoscopic procedures that can be used for diagnostic and operative purposes.
This document discusses level 1 oncoplastic surgery techniques, which are simple breast reshaping principles that can be performed without plastic surgery training. These techniques aim to allow for wider excisions for breast conservation while minimizing cosmetic deformities. They include undermining skin and the nipple-areolar complex, recentralizing the nipple, and using glandular flaps or sutures for immediate reshaping. Level 1 techniques can potentially solve 90% of cases and reduce positive margin and reexcision rates.
The document discusses different techniques for performing an abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer. It outlines problems with the conventional synchronous APR approach and proposes changing to standardized inter-sphincteric, extra-levator, or ischio-anal APR depending on tumor location. Each technique is defined by its relationship to anatomical structures. Indications, advantages, and positioning considerations are provided for each type of APR.
This document discusses the principles and techniques of laparoscopic surgery. It begins with an introduction to minimal access surgery and its aims of reducing somatic and psychological trauma while allowing for shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. The document then covers the categories of minimally invasive procedures and diagnostic and therapeutic applications of laparoscopic surgery. It provides details on preoperative evaluation and preparation, creating pneumoperitoneum, intraoperative equipment and techniques, postoperative care, and examples of common laparoscopic procedures like cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and fundoplication. Throughout it includes diagrams to illustrate surgical anatomy and procedure steps.
Imaging plays an indispensable role in diagnosing and managing urologic conditions. Conventional radiography such as intravenous urography has been critical for assessing conditions of the adrenals, kidneys, ureters, and bladder that cannot be examined physically. Developments in computed tomography and intravenous contrast agents provide detailed anatomic and functional information. Magnetic resonance imaging is also useful due to its excellent soft tissue resolution without needing contrast in many cases.
The document discusses new surgical modalities for treating colon and rectal cancers, including laparoscopic, robotic, and single incision approaches. It describes various procedures like colectomies and anastomoses and how minimally invasive techniques can provide benefits like shorter recovery time compared to open surgery. The document also outlines innovations in instruments and techniques that are expanding the types of surgeries that can be performed laparoscopically.
This document provides tips for surgeons starting and improving their skills in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. It discusses acceptable conversion and complication rates, as well as operating parameters. It recommends starting with basic laparoscopy training before applying skills to colorectal procedures. Choosing appropriate early cases and allowing extra time are also suggested. Tips include accurate pre-op planning, adhering to oncological principles, and being versatile with port and incision placement. Operating with experienced colleagues, reviewing cases, and auditing results can help surgeons continue improving.
RADIO LOGICAL ANATOMY OF HEAD AND NECK CANCERSIsha Jaiswal
Imaging plays an important role in head and neck cancer by aiding in diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, response evaluation, and detecting recurrence. Common imaging modalities used include panoramic x-ray, x-ray of the paranasal sinuses, ultrasound of the neck, CT, MRI, and PET-CT. Each modality has advantages and limitations for evaluating the oral cavity, neck lymph nodes, and distant metastases. CT is often the initial study due to its wide availability and ability to detect bone invasion and lymph node metastases. MRI provides better soft tissue contrast for evaluating nerve and muscle involvement. PET-CT can detect occult primary tumors and distant metastases.
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) involves performing operations through small incisions using specialized instruments and imaging systems to minimize surgical trauma. Common MIS procedures include laparoscopy (abdomen), thoracoscopy (chest), arthroscopy (joints), angioplasty (blood vessels), and endoscopy (internal organs). Newer techniques like single incision laparoscopy and natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery aim to further reduce invasiveness. Benefits of MIS include less pain, faster recovery, fewer complications, and improved cosmetic results compared to open surgery. However, MIS also presents technical challenges like reduced visibility and dexterity that require specialized training.
This document discusses oncoplastic surgery techniques for breast-conserving surgery. It begins by reviewing the size limits and criteria for conservative breast cancer treatment. It then introduces oncoplastic surgery techniques which integrate plastic surgery to enable wider excisions and better cosmetic outcomes, extending the limits of breast conservation. Various oncoplastic techniques are described including volume replacement using latissimus flaps and volume displacement using mammoplasty techniques. Studies show oncoplastic surgery does not negatively impact oncologic outcomes while improving cosmesis, though it requires careful patient selection and training to perform.
Robotic surgery uses robotic systems to assist surgeons in performing minimally invasive surgery. The robotic systems allow for enhanced visualization, improved dexterity and precision, and smaller incisions compared to traditional open surgery. Some key benefits of robotic surgery for patients include less pain, shorter hospital stays, smaller scars, and faster recovery times. Common applications of robotic surgery include procedures in areas like cardiology, urology, gynecology, and orthopedics. While robotic surgery provides advantages, it also faces challenges like high costs and potential mechanical and software issues.
Robotic surgery uses robotic systems to assist surgeons with complex procedures. The da Vinci system is the most commonly used surgical robot. It has three components - a console where the surgeon sits, a patient-side cart with four robotic arms controlled by the surgeon, and a display for other medical staff. Robotic surgery provides benefits like improved 3D vision, more precise movements, and smaller incisions, leading to less invasive procedures and faster recovery times for patients. Robotic systems are used in various specialties like general surgery, urology, cardiothoracic surgery, and neurosurgery for procedures such as prostate removal and heart valve replacement.
Robot-assisted surgery uses robotic systems to enhance the capabilities of surgeons. The document discusses how telemanipulators and computer control allow surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures with more precision and smaller incisions than traditional methods. Applications of robotic surgery discussed include use in ophthalmology, heart/thoracic, gastrointestinal, gynecology, general surgery, and urology. Compared to open surgeries, robotic procedures may result in less blood loss, pain, and faster healing times. However, robotic surgeries can take longer and have inconsistent evidence of benefits relative to their increased costs.
CT scans use X-rays and computer calculations to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body's internal structures. A CT scan of the urinary system can detect tumors, masses, stones, or cysts. The test is performed in a radiology department where the patient lies on a table that slides into a CT scanner. Dye may be injected into the patient's vein to enhance image quality. CT scans can distinguish between solid and liquid tissues and provide valuable information for examining kidney tumors and other abnormalities of the urinary tract. Risks of CT scanning are generally low but may include minor reactions to dye in rare cases more severe complications.
The document discusses trocar site herniation (TSH), a complication of minimal access surgery where abdominal contents protrude through incisions made for laparoscopic ports. TSH requires emergency repair and can lead to bowel complications if left untreated. The literature recommends preventative measures like fascial closure of port sites ≥10 mm to prevent TSH. Additional risk factors include port location, obesity, extensive port manipulation, and poor port closure technique. Proper closure of fascial defects at port sites is emphasized as the most important preventative factor against TSH. Various port closure instruments and techniques are described, including the use of a Veress needle which allows port closure to be performed internally under vision. Meticulous port closure can
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the standard procedure for gallbladder removal since the 1990s. Recently, single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has been developed to further reduce invasiveness. While technically challenging, SILC offers benefits like less pain, faster recovery, and better cosmetic outcomes compared to standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The document presents a study protocol to evaluate the benefits of SILC with intraoperative cholangiography, including safety, reduced invasiveness, and ability to manage unexpected bile duct issues. The prospective randomized study will compare outcomes of SILC with cholangiography to standard techniques in 100 patients. Results will help determine if S
The document discusses laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. It notes several problems with existing studies including historical controls, selection bias, and unclear definitions of laparoscopic procedures. Randomized controlled trials like the Barcelona trial and COLOR study found no differences in short-term outcomes or long-term survival between laparoscopic and open surgery. While laparoscopic surgery may be done outside of trials, open surgery remains valid and selection bias is a limitation since only a minority of patients are included in trials. Further randomized studies are still needed, especially for rectal cancer where open surgery may have advantages for low anastomoses or T4 tumors.
This document discusses anaesthesia considerations for robotic surgery. Key points include:
- Robotic surgery allows for improved precision, control and visualization compared to laparoscopic surgery.
- Patient positioning is critical and cannot be adjusted once the robot is docked, so optimal positioning is important.
- Physiologic perturbations like increased CO2 absorption and changes to ventilation and perfusion during pneumoperitoneum or one-lung ventilation must be managed.
- Access to the patient can be challenging with the robot in place, so airway management and monitoring require planning.
This document discusses robotic surgery and the da Vinci surgical system. It provides background on Dr. DeSalvo and his qualifications. It then discusses hysterectomy statistics and different surgical routes. The rest of the document discusses the evolution of technology leading to robotic surgery and the benefits of using the da Vinci system, including improved visualization and wristed instruments.
Robotic surgeries are becoming most popular in field of surgical departments due to its precision of hand in many cancer surgeries. Anaesthesia in these places are quite challenging due to lack place to move , a meticulous vigilance is always required for safety of patient and conduct safe Anesthesia
This document discusses the basic principles of laparoscopy. It describes the key differences between laparoscopic and open surgery for both patients and surgeons. For patients, laparoscopic surgery results in less pain, faster recovery times, and quicker return to normal activities due to smaller incisions. For surgeons, laparoscopy provides a magnified view but with altered tactile response and two-dimensional images. The document outlines the typical laparoscopic setup including the endoscope, light source, camera, monitor, insufflator, trocars and various instruments. It also lists some common laparoscopic procedures that can be used for diagnostic and operative purposes.
This document discusses level 1 oncoplastic surgery techniques, which are simple breast reshaping principles that can be performed without plastic surgery training. These techniques aim to allow for wider excisions for breast conservation while minimizing cosmetic deformities. They include undermining skin and the nipple-areolar complex, recentralizing the nipple, and using glandular flaps or sutures for immediate reshaping. Level 1 techniques can potentially solve 90% of cases and reduce positive margin and reexcision rates.
The document discusses different techniques for performing an abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer. It outlines problems with the conventional synchronous APR approach and proposes changing to standardized inter-sphincteric, extra-levator, or ischio-anal APR depending on tumor location. Each technique is defined by its relationship to anatomical structures. Indications, advantages, and positioning considerations are provided for each type of APR.
This document discusses the principles and techniques of laparoscopic surgery. It begins with an introduction to minimal access surgery and its aims of reducing somatic and psychological trauma while allowing for shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. The document then covers the categories of minimally invasive procedures and diagnostic and therapeutic applications of laparoscopic surgery. It provides details on preoperative evaluation and preparation, creating pneumoperitoneum, intraoperative equipment and techniques, postoperative care, and examples of common laparoscopic procedures like cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and fundoplication. Throughout it includes diagrams to illustrate surgical anatomy and procedure steps.
Imaging plays an indispensable role in diagnosing and managing urologic conditions. Conventional radiography such as intravenous urography has been critical for assessing conditions of the adrenals, kidneys, ureters, and bladder that cannot be examined physically. Developments in computed tomography and intravenous contrast agents provide detailed anatomic and functional information. Magnetic resonance imaging is also useful due to its excellent soft tissue resolution without needing contrast in many cases.
The document discusses new surgical modalities for treating colon and rectal cancers, including laparoscopic, robotic, and single incision approaches. It describes various procedures like colectomies and anastomoses and how minimally invasive techniques can provide benefits like shorter recovery time compared to open surgery. The document also outlines innovations in instruments and techniques that are expanding the types of surgeries that can be performed laparoscopically.
This document provides tips for surgeons starting and improving their skills in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. It discusses acceptable conversion and complication rates, as well as operating parameters. It recommends starting with basic laparoscopy training before applying skills to colorectal procedures. Choosing appropriate early cases and allowing extra time are also suggested. Tips include accurate pre-op planning, adhering to oncological principles, and being versatile with port and incision placement. Operating with experienced colleagues, reviewing cases, and auditing results can help surgeons continue improving.
RADIO LOGICAL ANATOMY OF HEAD AND NECK CANCERSIsha Jaiswal
Imaging plays an important role in head and neck cancer by aiding in diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, response evaluation, and detecting recurrence. Common imaging modalities used include panoramic x-ray, x-ray of the paranasal sinuses, ultrasound of the neck, CT, MRI, and PET-CT. Each modality has advantages and limitations for evaluating the oral cavity, neck lymph nodes, and distant metastases. CT is often the initial study due to its wide availability and ability to detect bone invasion and lymph node metastases. MRI provides better soft tissue contrast for evaluating nerve and muscle involvement. PET-CT can detect occult primary tumors and distant metastases.
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) involves performing operations through small incisions using specialized instruments and imaging systems to minimize surgical trauma. Common MIS procedures include laparoscopy (abdomen), thoracoscopy (chest), arthroscopy (joints), angioplasty (blood vessels), and endoscopy (internal organs). Newer techniques like single incision laparoscopy and natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery aim to further reduce invasiveness. Benefits of MIS include less pain, faster recovery, fewer complications, and improved cosmetic results compared to open surgery. However, MIS also presents technical challenges like reduced visibility and dexterity that require specialized training.
This document discusses oncoplastic surgery techniques for breast-conserving surgery. It begins by reviewing the size limits and criteria for conservative breast cancer treatment. It then introduces oncoplastic surgery techniques which integrate plastic surgery to enable wider excisions and better cosmetic outcomes, extending the limits of breast conservation. Various oncoplastic techniques are described including volume replacement using latissimus flaps and volume displacement using mammoplasty techniques. Studies show oncoplastic surgery does not negatively impact oncologic outcomes while improving cosmesis, though it requires careful patient selection and training to perform.
Robotic surgery uses robotic systems to assist surgeons in performing minimally invasive surgery. The robotic systems allow for enhanced visualization, improved dexterity and precision, and smaller incisions compared to traditional open surgery. Some key benefits of robotic surgery for patients include less pain, shorter hospital stays, smaller scars, and faster recovery times. Common applications of robotic surgery include procedures in areas like cardiology, urology, gynecology, and orthopedics. While robotic surgery provides advantages, it also faces challenges like high costs and potential mechanical and software issues.
Robotic surgery uses robotic systems to assist surgeons with complex procedures. The da Vinci system is the most commonly used surgical robot. It has three components - a console where the surgeon sits, a patient-side cart with four robotic arms controlled by the surgeon, and a display for other medical staff. Robotic surgery provides benefits like improved 3D vision, more precise movements, and smaller incisions, leading to less invasive procedures and faster recovery times for patients. Robotic systems are used in various specialties like general surgery, urology, cardiothoracic surgery, and neurosurgery for procedures such as prostate removal and heart valve replacement.
Robotic surgery is becoming more common, allowing surgeons to perform complex procedures through small incisions using robotic arms controlled from a console. The da Vinci surgical system is the most widely used system and has advantages for both patients and surgeons, including less pain and blood loss for patients and improved visualization and maneuverability for surgeons. The first robotic surgeries took place in the 1990s and applications now include cardiac, gynecological and urological procedures.
Role of robotics in obstetrics and gynecology . 5.5.2021 pptxShazia Iqbal
This document discusses the role of robotics in obstetrics and gynecology. It begins with an introduction to robotic gynecologic surgery using the Da Vinci system. The key advantages are that it allows for more precise microscopic surgery using instruments controlled by the surgeon at a console. The document reviews the history and increasing applications of robotic surgery. It describes how robotic systems like Da Vinci work and some common gynecologic conditions they are used to treat. In conclusion, robotic surgery is generally safe and beneficial compared to open surgery, but costs remain a limitation.
Georg Kelling first introduced experimental laparoscopic procedures in 1901, though it took several decades for laparoscopy to become widely adopted. Laparoscopic surgery has significant short-term benefits over open surgery such as less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster return to normal activities. However, long-term outcomes like cancer survival rates have not been conclusively shown to be equivalent. Robotic surgery systems were later developed to address some limitations of laparoscopy like loss of tactile feedback and ergonomic challenges, providing benefits such as 3D visualization, tremor filtering, and improved instrument maneuverability. Both laparoscopic and robotic procedures require special considerations regarding patient selection, trocar placement, hemostasis, and potential
ლაპაროსკოპია და რობოტული ქირურგია-1.pptxGokulnathMbbs
Georg Kelling first introduced experimental laparoscopic procedures in 1901, though it took several decades for laparoscopy to become widely adopted. Laparoscopic surgery has significant short-term benefits over open surgery such as less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster return to normal activities. However, long-term outcomes like cancer survival rates have not been conclusively shown to be better. Robotic surgery systems were later developed to address some limitations of laparoscopy like loss of tactile feedback and ergonomic challenges, providing benefits such as 3D visualization, tremor filtering, and improved dexterity. Both laparoscopic and robotic procedures require special considerations regarding patient preparation, trocar placement, hemostasis, and potential complications
Robotic surgery - advantages and disadvantagesJohn Thanakumar
Robotic surgery offers several advantages over traditional surgery. It allows surgeons to perform complex procedures with more precision, flexibility and control through the use of robotic arms. The surgeon sits at a console to control the robotic arms, which provide 3D vision and small, precise movements. For patients, this translates to less pain, fewer complications, shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times. However, robotic surgery also has some disadvantages like higher costs and a continued need for humans in the operating room.
Robotic hysterectomy: A review of indications, technique, outcome, and compli...Apollo Hospitals
Hysterectomy is the second most common surgery performed on women after cesarean section. The advantages of minimally invasive hysterectomy such as reduced hospitalization, quick recovery with more rapid return to normal activities, and less postoperative morbidity are well known. Although most guidelines recommend that minimally invasive hysterectomy should be the standard of care, the gynecologists have been slow in adopting minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques to perform this operation. Since its approval in 2005 for gynecological surgeries, robot-assisted hysterectomy has been found to be feasible and safe both in benign and malignant indications. This significant difference is mainly due to ergonomics, endowrist movements of instruments, and stereoscopic three-dimensional magnified vision. The specific indications for hysterectomy where the robotic technology can benefit women are the ones with adhesions such as severe endometriosis, large uterus with large or multiple fibroids, early carcinoma cervix, and/or endometrial carcinoma. However the main benefit of this procedure was seen in the reduction of open surgery including conversions during laparoscopic hysterectomies. In the long run, we need to critically examine the long-term benefits and appropriate indications for robot-assisted hysterectomy especially in benign conditions, thus reducing the incidence of open surgery in gynecology. This review describes the operative procedure of robotic hysterectomy in eight steps.
We live in an age of a new unpreceded wonders. The wonders of the world are not seven any more. The inanimate talk to us. We are flying in the air. More than 65,000-Ton can float over the water in an iron vessel. The Robotic Doctor is already a reality. Reviewing the history of mankind's cumulative experience starting with the ancient very primitive trials and ending with the presence of Robotic and Telesurgery
Clearly show that the major and rapid advances in the whole mankind's life occur only in the last few decades especially the last 10 years ? .
This document provides an overview of the current status of robotics in GI surgery. It discusses the history and evolution of surgical robots including early systems like AESOP and da Vinci. The da Vinci system is described in detail, including its design and components. Clinical applications are summarized for various GI procedures like foregut, gastric, hepatic, pancreatic and colorectal surgery. While robotic surgery is shown to be feasible and safe for many GI procedures, the document notes that large comparative studies are still needed to establish clear benefits over laparoscopic approaches.
This document discusses the future of surgery with nanorobots. It begins by defining surgery and describing current types like open, laparoscopic, and robotic surgery. In the future, nanorobots operating at the nanoscale could be used for medical applications like treating diseases, delivering targeted drug therapies, and assisting the body's clotting process. Some benefits of medical nanorobots include highly precise drug delivery and wound healing. However, widespread application of nanorobotics for medicine is still at least 25 years away due to technical limitations. The conclusion envisions a future where nanorobots could diagnose and treat illnesses from within the body, replacing many invasive surgeries.
Robotic colorectal surgery technique, advantages, disadvantages and its impac...Apollo Hospitals
The use of robotics in colorectal surgery is gaining momentum of late. Technical advances, such as three-dimensional imaging, a stable camera platform, excellent ergonomics, tremor elimination, ambidextrous capability, motion scaling and instruments with multiple degrees of freedom, have helped many surgeons adapt to it easily. There is a shorter learning curve compared to the standard laparoscopic surgery. This article helps to give an outline as to how robotic colorectal surgery can go a long way in the future of colorectal surgery.
The document discusses the advancement of robotic surgery. It describes how the first generation of surgical robots are being installed in operating rooms around the world to assist surgeons through remote control and voice activation. The robots allow for unprecedented precision in minimally invasive procedures. The ultimate goal is to design a robot that can perform closed-chest, beating-heart surgery autonomously. Robotic surgery provides benefits to both patients through reduced pain and scarring and to surgeons and hospitals.
Robotic surgeries: Procedures, Advantages and RisksYashodaHospitals
Over 3 million patients have undergone robotic surgery since 2000. Robotic surgery allows surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures through small incisions using a robotic system that has 3D imaging and wrist-like joints, giving surgeons improved access and control. While the surgeon controls the robotic arms, benefits of robotic surgery include less pain, smaller incisions, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery times compared to traditional open or laparoscopic surgeries. The doctor determines if a patient is eligible for robotic surgery based on their individual procedure and medical needs.
Prostatectomy Surgery abroad in India info on cost Prostatectomy Surgery India,Prostatectomy male Surgery hospitals India,Prostatectomy surgeons India.
This document discusses laparoscopic colonic surgery. It provides an overview of different types of laparoscopic colon surgery techniques including standard laparoscopic surgery, laparoscopic-assisted surgery, and hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery. It also discusses indications for laparoscopic colonic resection including colon cancer. Guidelines are provided for performing laparoscopic colonic resection while maintaining oncologic principles.
Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: Just another toy?Apollo Hospitals
One of the most significant developments in medical technology in the past decade is the advent of Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery has distinct advantages over conventional open surgery, and most gynecological procedures can now be performed by the laparoscopic route. However, the popularity and acceptance of laparoscopic surgery is far from universal, mainly due to the technical difficulties in the procedure. Laparoscopic surgery requires training and skill, and has a long learning curve. Robot-assisted surgery may help overcome some of these problems.
Robotic surgery :-
Definition
limitations
History
Types
Applications
Advantages and disadvantages
Reference
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Robotic surgery uses computer-assisted robotic systems to perform surgical procedures. There are several types of robotic surgery systems, including supervisory-controlled systems, telesurgical systems, and shared-control systems. The da Vinci surgical system is one of the most commonly used robotic surgery systems. It uses four robotic arms - three to hold surgical instruments and one to hold an endoscopic camera. The surgeon sits at a console to control the robotic arms to perform surgery, being able to see inside the patient in high definition 3D. Robotic surgery enables more precise movements and easier performance of complex procedures compared to traditional surgery.
This document provides an overview of disc replacement surgery. It describes what the surgery is, who is a candidate for it, how it is performed, and the benefits and risks. Disc replacement surgery involves removing a damaged disc and replacing it with an artificial disc made of metal and plastic materials. It is an alternative to spinal fusion for patients with degenerative disc disease who have not found relief from non-surgical treatments. The surgery aims to reduce pain and preserve motion in the operated spine segment. India is highlighted as a lower-cost location for this procedure compared to other countries like the US.
The document discusses pituitary gland tumors, including their causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It notes that pituitary tumors are usually benign and slow-growing. They can be non-functioning or secreting tumors, with the most common type being prolactin-secreting tumors. Diagnosis involves blood tests, MRI scans, and sometimes biopsies. Treatment options include surgery to remove the tumor, medication to reduce hormone levels, radiation therapy, or a combination of approaches. Medical management aims to block excess hormone secretion and sometimes shrink the tumor.
The document provides an overview of scoliosis and scoliosis surgery. It discusses that scoliosis affects 6 million people and surgery is recommended for curves over 40-45 degrees. It describes the different types of scoliosis and causes. Scoliosis surgery is a long procedure to fuse the spine and correct the curvature. The recovery process following surgery is also outlined. India is positioning itself as a leading destination for scoliosis surgery due to world-class facilities and costs that are 60-80% lower than in the US.
Dr. Dheeraj Bojwani is a medical consultant who assists patients in receiving spine surgeries in India. Spine surgeries are generally only considered after non-surgical treatments have failed to provide relief over 6-12 months for conditions like spinal stenosis, sciatica, spondylolisthesis or degenerative scoliosis. Common spine surgeries include discectomy, foraminotomy, spine fusion, and spinal disc replacement. India offers high quality spine surgeries at world-class hospitals for costs that are 40-70% lower than procedures in countries like the US or UK. Medical tourists are able to combine their surgical treatment and recovery with vacation time in India's various cities and
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1. Dr. Dheeraj Bojwani
Your Medical Tour Consultant in India
Dr.DheerajBojwani Consultants
Website : www.dheerajbojwani.com
2. Robotic Surgery in India
Overview:
Surgical robotics is a new technology that holds significant promise. Robotic surgery is
often heralded as the new revolution, and it is one of the most talked about subjects in
surgery today. Up to this point in time, however, the drive to develop and obtain robotic
devices has been largely driven by the market. There is no doubt that they will become an
important tool in the surgical armamentarium, but the extent of their use is still evolving.
This surgery is a new and exciting emerging technology that is taking the surgical
profession by storm. Up to this point, however, the race to acquire and incorporate this
emerging technology has primarily been driven by the market. Moreover, robotic devices
seem to have more of a marketing role than a practical role. Whether or not robotic
devices will grow into a more practical role remains to be seen.
Why Robotic Surgery?
Robotic surgery is a type of procedure that is similar to laparoscopic surgery. It also can be performed through smaller surgical
cuts than traditional open surgery. The small, precise movements that are possible with this type of surgery give it some
advantages over standard endoscopic techniques. Sometimes robotic-assisted laparoscopy can allow a surgeon to perform a
less-invasive procedure that was once only possible with more invasive open surgery. Once it is placed in the abdomen, a
robotic arm is easier for the surgeon to use than the instruments in endoscopic surgery. The robot reduces the surgeon’s
movements (for example, moving 1/2 inch for every 1 inch the surgeon moves), which reduces some of the hand tremors and
movements that might otherwise make the surgery less precise. Also, robotic instruments can access hard-to-reach areas of
your body more easily through smaller incisions compared to traditional open and laparoscopic surgery.
What are the Types of Robotic Surgery?
Following are the types of robotic surgery systems:
Supervisory-Controlled systems: (a.k.a. Computer Assisted Surgery) are the most automated of the three. The surgeon
undertakes considerable prep work, inputs data into the robotic system, plans the course of action, takes x-rays, tests the
robot's motions, places the robot in the appropriate start position and oversees the robotic action to ensure everything goes as
planned. The most famous prototype is the RoboDoc system developed by Integrated Surgical Systems, which is commonly
used in orthopedic surgeries.
Telesurgical systems: The Telesurgical robotic system is the second type of device used in modern robotic surgery. The most
common variety, the Da Vinci Robotic Surgical System, enhances the surgery by providing 3-D visualization deep within hard-
to-reach places like the heart, as well as enhancing wrist dexterity and control of tiny instruments. This technology allows
surgeons to make quicker, more controlled and more accurate movements by using the robot arm with its wider range of
motions. It also allows more surgeons to perform these procedures, since many of the techniques performed by robot
assistants are highly skilled and extremely difficult for humans to master. Now more procedures (like artery repair and valve
repair) can be done without long recovery times or bodily injury.
Shared-Control systems: The Shared-Control System is the final category of robotic surgery devices. In this system, the
human does the bulk of the work, but the robot assists when needed. In many cases, the robotic system monitors the surgeon,
providing stability and support during the procedure. Before getting started, the surgeons program the robots to recognize
safe, close, boundary and forbidden territories within the human body. Safe regions are the main focus of the surgery. Through
forced feedback in the surgical tools, the system will limit their use within the appropriate area. As with supervisor-controlled
systems, there is some setup required by the surgeon prior to the procedure to define the regions of the surgical field.
3. Robotic Radiosurgery Systems: Robots are also used in delivering radiation
for the treatment of tumors. These systems use robotics to control highly
focused beams of ionizing radiation to precise locations within the body.
Medical imaging first locates the tumor and a map of the area to be treated is
created. A series of commands are then entered by the physician into the
system to instruct it how to deliver the treatment. The patient is then registered
with the system for proper positioning of the body and the treatment is begun.
The robotics will then follow the commands to precisely deliver a series of
doses to the tumor. This reduces the risk of damage to surrounding tissues.
Applications of Robotic Surgeries
Robotic surgery is particularly useful in certain situations or surgeries. For example, in laparoscopic surgeries, or surgeries in
which a laparoscope is used, the arms of the robot are extremely helpful. The most common procedures are:
Gastro-jejunostomy, Thoracic
Pyloroplasty
RY gastric bypass for obesity,
Esophageal surgery
Esophageal Myotomy for achalasia,
Thymectomy
Nephrectomy for transplantation and bile duct surgery
Mediastinal Tumor Resection
Lobectomy
Biventricular Resynchronization Epicardial Leads
General
Adrenalectomy
Cholecystectomy
Cardiac
Esophagectomy
Gastric Bypass
Heller Myotomy Atrial Septal Defect Repair
Nissen Fundoplication Mitral Valve Repair
Coronary artery bypass
Others
Cutting away cancer tissue from sensitive parts of the body such as blood vessels, nerves, or important body organs
Gallbladder removal
Hip replacement
Hysterectomy
Kidney removal
Kidney transplant
Mitral valve repair
Pyeloplasty (surgery to correct ureteropelvic junction obstruction)
Pyloroplasty
Radical prostatectomy
Tubal ligation
4. Common Robotic Procedures
Robotic Abdominal Surgery: Surgeons use robot-assisted techniques for abdominal procedures ranging from gallbladder and
appendix surgery to hernia repair and treatment for rectal cancer. Most patients, who undergo robotic procedures experience
significantly less postoperative pain, leave the hospital sooner and return to normal activities more quickly. For people with
rectal cancer, robotic surgery can also help prevent damage to vital nerves and tissues. In the past, it was difficult to treat
cancers in the lower part of the rectum without removing the anal sphincter, the muscle that controls elimination. This meant
that some patients needed an artificial opening in the abdomen to eliminate waste (colostomy). But that changed with the
advent of robotic surgery. Because robotic arms are more flexible than standard laparoscopic tools and allow greater precision
in difficult areas, experienced surgeons now can often spare delicate nerves to preserve sphincter control and sexual and
urinary function.
Robotic Cardiothoracic surgery: This approach enables your surgeon to reach your heart through small incisions in the side of
your chest wall rather than by splitting open the breastbone. Avoiding a long chest incision reduces pain and recovery time so
you resume normal activities sooner. Robotic surgery also leaves smaller, less noticeable scars than open chest surgery, has a
lower risk of infection and may lessen blood loss. Robot-assisted surgery can treat heart problems that are present at birth as
well as those that develop later in life. The robot technology is used to repair heart valves and congenital heart problems,
including atrial Septal defects and atrioventricular canal defects. It is performed without splitting the breastbone or stopping
your heart, robotic off-pump bypass usually means fewer complications, less postoperative bleeding, a shorter hospital stay —
often just 48 hours — and quicker recovery. Robotic off-pump bypass also offers more durable results, sparing you repeat
operations, and extends the option of bypass surgery to people who might not otherwise be candidates for the procedure.
Robotic Gynecologic surgery: this is done using the da Vinci robotic system for gynecologic surgery and assisted in the
process. The use of the system has led to safer, more effective, less intrusive treatments for a wide range of pelvic disorders
affecting women. These include:
Cervical cancer
Endometriosis
Hysterectomy
Pelvic organ prolapse, especially vaginal prolapse and paravaginal defects
Uterine cancer; vaginal fistulas
Uterine fibroids
Vaginal fistulas
Because robotic technology helps surgeons operate and suture with greater accuracy and flexibility, many women experience
markedly less postoperative pain, reduced scarring and a faster return to normal activities. Depending on your age and the
procedure, robotic surgery may also help preserve your fertility and improve reproductive health.
Robotic Head and Neck surgery: Is a new robotic procedure performed through the mouth (transorally) to treat cancers of the
tongue base and tonsils. Transoral robotic surgery offers many advantages over conventional head and neck procedures. The
maneuverability and precision of the robotic arms help surgeons operate more easily in the small spaces of the mouth and
throat. Robotic surgery also offers far better visualization of tumors. The ability to operate in multiple directions and to see in
three dimensions helps surgeons effectively eliminate cancer while sparing healthy tissue, reducing complications and
improving quality of life. Most patients who undergo Transoral robotic surgery also undergo a simultaneous open operation to
remove lymph nodes in the neck. Even so, the majority of patients leave the hospital in about three days and are able to
swallow within two weeks — much sooner than is common with other treatment methods. Studies of Transoral robotic surgery
show that most people have excellent outcomes.
5. Robotic Urologic surgery: is the procedure in which your surgeon removes the prostate gland and surrounding lymph nodes
through five or six small abdominal incisions. One of the most notable advantages of this approach is fewer traumas to delicate
tissues and reduced blood loss. Less than 1 percent of men who undergo robotic prostatectomy require a transfusion, as
opposed to 5 to 15 percent of those who have open prostate surgery. The result is a faster, less complicated recovery. The
enhanced precision of robotic surgery also makes sparing vital nerves easier and reduces the likelihood of complications such as
sexual or urinary dysfunction. The patients who are candidates for traditional open or laparoscopic surgery are also candidates
for robotic prostatectomy. Robotic surgery offers outcomes similar to those of standard laparoscopic surgery, with less tissue
trauma and blood loss, reduced risk of infection, and significantly faster postoperative recovery. You can expect one to three days
of hospital recovery following robotic surgery, as opposed to traditional open surgery, which usually requires a stay of up to five
days.
Benefits of Robotic Surgery
Robots in the field of surgery have dramatically changed the procedures for the better. The most significant advantage to Robotic
Surgery to the patient is the decrease in pain and scaring. The Robotic System is changing surgical procedures, which may
improve both the patient's experience and surgical outcomes. It reduces trauma to the patient by allowing surgery to be
performed through small ports or "keyholes" rather than large incisions, resulting in shorter recovery times, fewer complications
and a reduced hospital stay. By integrating computer-enhanced technology with the surgeon’s expertise, the da Vinci System
enables surgeons to perform extremely delicate and precise minimally invasive surgery (MIS).
The patient may experience the following benefits
Reduced trauma to the body
Less anesthesia
Often less blood loss and need for transfusions
Less post-operative pain and discomfort
Less risk of infection
Shorter hospital stay
Faster recovery and return to normal daily activities
Less scarring and improved cosmesis
The surgeons have the following benefits
Enhanced 3-D Visualization
Improved Dexterity
Greater Surgical Precision
Improved Access
Increased Range of Movement
Reproducibility
Simplifies many existing MIS surgical techniques
Makes difficult MIS operations routine
Makes new MIS procedures possible in most surgical specialties
Complications of Robotic Surgery
Possible reasons that can lead to unsafe operation of a medical unit include flawed design, malfunction of hardware and software
components, misinterpretation and incorrect or inadequate specification. As in many other applications, improving some of these
parameters results in a degraded performance in other areas, while an overall increased level of safety is accompanied by an
increase in cost, complexity, or both
6. Before Robotic Surgery
You cannot have any food or fluid for 8 hours before the surgery. If you are having certain types of abdominal surgery, your
surgeon may recommend that you cleanse your bowels with an enema or laxative the day before surgery.
Stop taking aspirin, blood thinners such as warfarin (Coumadin) or Plavix, anti-inflammatory medications, vitamins, or other
supplements 10 days before the procedure.
After the Procedure
You will be taken to a recovery room after the procedure. Depending on the type of surgery performed, you may have to stay in
the hospital overnight or for a couple of days. You should be able to walk within a day after the procedure, depending on what
type of procedure was done. Avoid heavy lifting or straining until your doctor gives you the okay. Your doctor may advise you not
to drive for at least a week.
Recovery
Because the surgical cuts are typically smaller than with traditional open surgery, robotic surgery may lead to:
Faster recovery
Less pain and bleeding
Less risk of infection
Shorter hospital stay
Smaller scars
Robotic surgery in India
Indian healthcare is growing day by day and it has marked new level of success. The Indian doctors have the credit of performing
the country's first robotic surgery for prostate cancer. India is gaining popularity internationally due to the robotic surgery in India
at very low cost along with world class medical amenities with best results. These factors have driven thousands of international
patients from all across the globe for various medical treatments including the Robotic surgery in India.
Having the industry's most elaborate and exclusive Patient Care and Clinical Coordination teams stationed at the Indian
hospitals, they provide the patients the smoothest and seamless care ever imagined. With a ratio of one Patient Care Manager to
five patients our patient care standards are unmatched across the sub continent. The various medical treatments and surgeries
performed in India are available at hospitals in the following cities with latest amenities and state-of-art-facilities.
Mumbai Hyderabad Kerala
Delhi Pune Goa
Bangalore Nagpur Jaipur
Chennai Gurgaon Chandigarh
The additional warmth and care the global patients receive while going for various medical treatments and surgeries surpasses
all the value added services they avail at their respective places.
7. Robotic Surgery Cost in India
Advanced methods of treatment are available in India at pocket friendly prices. India offers outstanding medical services at 60-
80% less than prevailing USA rates. Even with travel expenses taken into account, the comprehensive medical tourism packages
still provide a savings measured in the thousands of dollars for major procedures. The following cost comparison is a good
curtain raiser for patients looking for medical services in India.
Procedure Cost (US$)
Medical Treatment United States India
Robotic Cystectomy 7,50,000 95,000
Hysterectomy 20,000 3,000
Catarct Surgery 2,000 1,000
Orthopedic Surgery 20,000 6,000
Heart surgery 30,000 8,000
Some of the common countries from which patients travel to India for surgery are:
USA UK Canada
Australia New Zealand Nigeria
Kenya Ethiopia Uganda
Tanzania Zambia Congo
Sri Lanka Bangladesh Pakistan
Afghanistan Nepal Uzbekhistan
ABOUT INDIA
Located in South Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Nepal, China and Bangladesh, India is South Asia's largest, sovereign, democratic
republic. India has an edge over other countries when it comes to offering comprehensive, cost-effective and timely medical care:
it also offers an exotic, adventure-filled or cultural -if you wish array of destinations to discover and revel in for the travelers.
Indian cities like Mumbai, Hyderabad, Goa, Bangalore, Nagpur, Kerala, Delhi, Pune, Jaipur, Chennai, Gurgaon, and Chandigarh
offers best medical tourism service.
Mumbai - Formerly known as Bombay, is the commercial & financial capital city of India. Mumbai is famous for many things,
including its thriving Bollywood film industry, teeming bazaars, colonial-style buildings, Art Deco structures and a superb choice of
restaurants, often being rated as the dining capital of India. The tourist district of Colaba in Mumbai is a great place to start
exploring this great city.
Hyderabad – Hyderabad city is a great place to visit in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The place has witnessed a continuous
growth for last many years. Hyderabad has become a tourist hotspot following ever increasing number of tourists during past few
years. Hyderabad has a well-founded reputation as one of the safest cities in the world.
8. Goa - The country's smallest state and famed for its colonial Portuguese and Catholic past, most tourists visit Goa for its
endless selection of sandy beaches and coastal attractions. Standing proudly next to the Arabian Sea, Goa is a particularly
compact state and often feels like a large town, being easy to travel. Around Goa, tourists will soon realize that the state has
much more to offer than simply stunning beaches, fishing, water scooters, windsurfing and scuba diving.
Bangalore - Beauty lies in the eyes of beholder and if you want to see one of the most beautiful places in India then Bangalore
is the word for it. Bangalore has earned sobriquets like 'Silicon Valley of India', 'Pub Capital of India', and 'City of Gardens'.
Pleasant climate with colorful gardens with lakes and glittering nightlife, Bangalore has made its own attraction for travelers as
one of the most charming cities in India,
Nagpur - Nagpur is the largest city in central India, but with its friendly atmosphere and dependable transportation, you’ll
instantly feel at home. The city of Nagpur has a well-built infrastructure, is a clean and affluent city which makes a good
jumping-off point for a series of trips into the far eastern corner of Maharashtra.
Kerala - Natural beauty, clean air and primordial greenery amidst the vast expanse of water and sky, typifies the state of Kerala
– better known as God's own country. Kerala is famous for its alternative medical therapies such as Ayurveda, which help to
rejuvenate and revitalize the body. The region is also home to India’s only virgin tropical rain forest – the Silent Valley National
Park, supporting an overwhelming range of life forms, many of which are highly endangered, and endemic to this part of the
planet.
Delhi - "Welcome to The Capital City of India - New Delhi" Delhi is famous as Capital city of India is located in North India. Delhi
is truly a symbol of the old and the new; a blend of ancient well preserved monuments and temples along with jam-packed
burger joints and up market shopping malls. Delhi has state of the art Hospitals and the best qualified doctors.
Pune - Once referred to as the Oxford of the east, Pune continues to be a stronghold for academics and culture. An array of
factors like availability of efficient and experienced doctors, comparatively low treatment costs, hospital facilities of international
standards and many more have made Pune one of the top destinations for medical tourism.
Jaipur - Jaipur is one of the most popular destinations on a tourist's itinerary. The magnificent forts, beautiful havelis and
colourful bazaars make Jaipur a popular tourist destination among tourists. Jaipur has pioneered health and medical tourism in
India.
Chennai - Chennai is one of the most developed urban centers in the Indian subcontinent. The city forms the capital of Tamil
Nadu state and is the fourth largest metropolitan city in India. They have some of the very best hospitals and treatment centers
in the world. Each hospital is equipped with state of the art facilities. The technology brought into practice is the very latest,
including robotic surgery.
Gurgaon – It is one of the four important satellite cities of the National Capital Region and is often referred to as the 'Millennium
City.' Gurgaon has recently emerged as the latest hub for Medical Tourism. Apart from being IT hub and a favorite haunt for
MNC offices, the city has a number of world class hospitals that not only treat Indian citizens but also people from outside.
Chandigarh - Chandigarh is a rare epitome of modernization co-existing with nature's preservation. It is here that the trees and
plants are as much a part of the construction plans as the buildings and the roads. India’s first planned city, Chandigarh is a
rich, prosperous, spic and span, green city rightly called “THE CITY BEAUTIFUL”.
9. Patients Testimonial:
Mr. Sidney – Nigeria
Robotic Surgery in India
Hi, I am Sidney from Nigeria. Recently I had my Robotic Prostate Surgery in India which was very well expedited by the
medical consultant Dheeraj Bojwani Group. A millions Thanks to them for making my medical journey smooth and hassle free.
I came across the website of Dheeraj Bojwani group while browsing for Robotic Prostate Surgery in India. I found this
information satisfactory; moreover, the packages for Robotic Prostate Surgery in India provided by Dheeraj Bojwani group
seemed quiet promising. I then discussed my case with them and was proposed with some good offers of having my Robotic
Prostate Surgery in India. Soon I was in India. The arrangements were perfect; everything seemed properly carved and
planned.
Soon I got my Robotic Prostate Surgery in India. I really liked the ambience and cleanliness at the hospital. The hospital staff
was very courteous and friendly. What impressed me was their hospitality, they are truly professionals. The surgeon who
performed my Robotic Prostate Surgery in India was a true gentleman and had immense of experience in his field. I really
enjoyed my stay for my Robotic Prostate Surgery in India. I am sure now I can recommend it to my friends and relatives. At
the end I must thank the executives of Dheeraj Bojwani Group, also to the best surgeon-I ever came across and the medical
staff that helped me to walk free through the Robotic Prostate Surgery in India. I really want to thank everyone. God bless them
all!
Thank you,
Mr. Sidney
Nigeria
10. Knee Replacement Surgery in India
Knee replacement surgery also known as knee arthroplasty is procedure to replace the
weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve the pain and disability of
osteoarthritis. It may be performed for other knee diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
and psoriatic arthritis. The procedure has been proven to help individuals return back to
moderately challenging activities such as golf, bicycling, and swimming. Total knees
are not designed for jogging, or sports like tennis and skiing (although there certainly
are people with total knee replacements that participate in such sports). Knee
replacement is a routine surgery performed on over 600,000 people worldwide each
year. Over 90% of people who have had Total Knee Replacement experience an
improvement in knee pain and function.
Knee Replacement Surgery Candidates
A person would be considered a candidate for knee replacement if there is:
• Daily pain
• The pain is severe enough to restrict work, recreation and ordinary activities of daily living
• Significant stiffness in the knee
• Significant instability (constant giving way) of the knee
• Significant deformity (knock-knees or bow-legs) that hinders normal function of the knee
• Damage from arthritic conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or post-traumatic arthritis
Success Rate of Knee Replacement Surgery:
Knee replacement surgery is recognized as a miracle of modern surgery. Most orthopedic experts consider replacement to be
the best method of handling arthritis in the knee. Knee replacements have literally put hundreds of thousands of Americans
back on their feet and allowed them to enjoy their golden years.
Knee Replacement Surgery Preparations:
• If you smoke, cut down or quit. Smoking changes blood flow patterns, delays healing and slows recovery.
• If you drink, don't have any alcohol for at least 48 hours before surgery.
• Ask your doctor for pre-surgical exercises. If you are having hip or knee replacement surgery, doing exercises to
strengthen your upper body will help you cope with crutches or a walker after surgery.
• Your primary care physician or an internist will conduct a general medical evaluation several weeks before surgery.
This examination will assess your health and your risk for anesthesia. The results of this examination should be
forwarded to your orthopaedic surgeon, along with a surgical clearance.
• Shortly before your scheduled surgery, you will probably have an orthopedic examination to review the procedure and
answer any last-minute questions.
• You may need to take several types of tests, including blood tests, a cardiogram, a urine sample and a chest X-ray.
• Advice your surgeon of any medical conditions you have and of all the medications you are taking. You may need to
stop taking certain medications or your surgeon may recommend substitute medications until your surgery.
Medications such as corticosteroids, insulin or anti-coagulants will need to be managed before and after surgery.