Paragraph Structure with Use of Text(P) Topic Sentence-(I).docxPOLY33
Paragraph Structure with Use of Text
(P) Topic Sentence-
(I) Follow-Up Development-
(E) Engage the text-
1. Attribution Tag (optional)
2. Paraphrase/Quote ENGAGE TEXT IN MIDDLE 1/3
3. Address or analyze quote
(S) Connect Back to Main Point/Further Insight-
Rules for Paraphrase/Quoting – English 101
· Functions as support
· Centrally located – middle 1/3 of paragraph
· Short quotations only – 4 lines of text or less
· Citation and possible attribution required
· MLA Format
Example Approach to a paragraph with a quote/paraphrase:
1. Identify a passage that includes a key idea from the text to quote/paraphrase:
Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that drug use amongst the homeless is prevalent. Research from the 80’s routinely presented a clear connection between homelessness and addiction (1027).
2. Create a topic sentence that connects to or sets up the text support:
A key issue challenging the homeless community, and those working to help the homeless out of their situation, is the rate of addiction to drugs and alcohol.
3. Follow up and develop the idea with your analysis breaking down the point.
4. Notice the set up of the text by attributing the author (sometimes title) of the source.
Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that
5. Add in text citation after the source use – (1027).
6. Close out paragraph by addressing the source use and returning back to your main idea for further analysis.
Put it all Together w/ Source Support Highlighted:
(P) A key issue challenging the homeless community, and those working to help the homeless out of their situation, is the high rate of addiction to drugs and alcohol. (I) Substance abuse can cripple one’s ability to maintain a common standard of living. Those suffering in the throes of addiction will struggle to hold a job and often lose connection to the support of their loved ones. This disconnect from a steady income, family, and friends, plus the cost of their addiction, may lead to a life on the streets. Once there, the addiction can further manifest and take hold continuing a dangerous spiral. (E) Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that drug use amongst the homeless is prevalent. Research from the 80’s routinely presented a clear connection between homelessness and addiction (1027). This connection can be powerful and extremely challenging to break. (S) Even if addiction did not cause the homeless state, living without shelter, physical and emotional, creates an opportunity for substances to replace security and love. When trying to rise out of a homelessness, the need to kick the addiction becomes paramount to become self-reliant again. The clear relationship between homelessness and substance abuse creates a challenging set of circumstances for both the individual and those attempting to intervene and help.
Remember the “Rule of Thirds”
To.
Tips for EditorialsTips on Content of Letter· If a publicatio.docxherthalearmont
Tips for Editorials
Tips on Content of Letter:
· If a publication receives multiple letters on the same subject, the editor will choose one that says something in a new way or takes a unique angle.
· Focus your letter on one point on one subject. If you are commenting on a specific story in the paper, mention the headline and date. Cite the specific reference and sum it up in a sentence to refresh readers’ memories. Then point out facts that were left out, or refute or support facts that were stated.
· Be clear and concise. Shorter is better. Most papers want letters of 250 words or less. Magazines such as Time want even less.
· State your point early in the letter and support your point with facts.
· Know the audience of the publication. Technical information and long, multi-syllable words are often inappropriate for a general audience.
· If appropriate, mention your motivation or expertise in writing. For example, “As an Ohio State University student, I believe… and therefore x,” or “I am a director of a non-profit agency that serves families in poverty. Here is what my experience has been….That is why I believe y.”
General Logistical Tips:
Know and follow the policies and specifications of the publication to which you are submitting your letter. Except as noted, it is OK to send the same or similar letters to more than one publication. But don’t submit the same or similar letters to multiple papers in the same media market.
Always include your name, address, and daytime telephone number.
Don’t send specifically local letters to other localities.
General Tips:
Avoid clichés, name-calling, slang, and repetition.
Check your letter for grammar and fluidity, read it out loud to make sure the thoughts flow well.
Give it a catchy title.
How do you write a letter to the editor?
1. Begin the letter with a simple salutation.
Don’t worry if you don’t know the editor’s name. A simple, “To the Editor of the Lantern” is sufficient. If you have the editor’s name, however, you should use it to increase the possibility of your letter being read.
2. Grab the reader’s attention.
Get attention right away; your opening sentence is very important. It should make the reader want to read more.
3. Explain what the letter is about at the start.
Throughout your letter, remember the rule:
Be quick,
Be concise, and then
Be quiet.
Don’t make the editor or the general public wait to find out what you want to say. Tell them your key point at the beginning.
4. Explain why the issue is important.
If you are motivated enough to write a letter to a newspaper or magazine, the importance of your topic may seem clear to you. Remember, though, that the general public probably doesn’t share your background or the interest. Explain the issue and its importance simply. Use plain language that most people will understand.
5. Give evidence for any praise or criticism.
If you are writing a letter discussing a past or pending action, be clear in showing why ...
1 Portfolio Drexel University Critical Reasoning Ph.docxjoyjonna282
1
Portfolio
Drexel University
Critical Reasoning
Philosophy 105
Patrick Denehy
This document provides more information about the portfolio project and guidelines to complete each
content area to the best of your ability. Use the information here and contained in the syllabus to answer
initial questions you may have. And don’t forget to include citations for every piece of text you reference
or use to help you formulate your own work. You can either include a short works cited/bibliography at the
end of each content area, or one large works cited/bibliography encompassing all content areas. Any style
is fine so long as it is consistent.
Meeting
You need to schedule a 30-minute meeting with me during the term. You should bring two content areas of
your choosing with you for review. These need to be full first drafts, not merely ideas or notes. I will read
as much as time permits to provide you feedback on how to improve these pieces of writing and approach
the remaining content areas. I will also give you a sense of where you stand with your APC grade.
Fallacies
For the fallacies content area, you should find examples of fallacies committed in texts or videos.* If all
else fails, create a dialogue between different persons that represents fallacious arguments you have heard
in the past or in which you were personally involved. After providing the fallacy, you should identify the
fallacy and then explain how this text, video, or dialogue commits this fallacy.
Students usually complete this section in one of three ways. One option is to provide a number of
examples with brief explanations (roughly 5-8 fallacies). The second option discusses fewer fallacies in
more depth (roughly 2-3 fallacies). Finally, other students take up some issue of the day and locate a
number of fallacies in arguments surrounding that issue. This third option usually involves discussing
fewer fallacies in depth as well, thereby overlapping with the second option.
Morals and Markets
While some people attempt to respond to the overall claims of Sandel’s book – and this is all well and good
– I encourage everyone to focus on at least two concrete cases or scenarios he raises. This will allow you
to provide a more in-depth response or investigate a case even further. Some people also use this as an
opportunity to perform light research in order to substantiate or criticize various points in the book. Feel
free to bring in other cases that display a dilemma of norms in a market-driven culture.
* You should not simply repeat fallacies from our textbook, another logic textbook, or some website
dedicated to explaining fallacies. There would be no point to such an exercise. The purpose is to display
that you can apply the concept of a fallacy to real-world cases, not ones already identified by others.
Finally, if you are wondering why I have included thi ...
Paragraph Structure with Use of Text(P) Topic Sentence-(I).docxPOLY33
Paragraph Structure with Use of Text
(P) Topic Sentence-
(I) Follow-Up Development-
(E) Engage the text-
1. Attribution Tag (optional)
2. Paraphrase/Quote ENGAGE TEXT IN MIDDLE 1/3
3. Address or analyze quote
(S) Connect Back to Main Point/Further Insight-
Rules for Paraphrase/Quoting – English 101
· Functions as support
· Centrally located – middle 1/3 of paragraph
· Short quotations only – 4 lines of text or less
· Citation and possible attribution required
· MLA Format
Example Approach to a paragraph with a quote/paraphrase:
1. Identify a passage that includes a key idea from the text to quote/paraphrase:
Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that drug use amongst the homeless is prevalent. Research from the 80’s routinely presented a clear connection between homelessness and addiction (1027).
2. Create a topic sentence that connects to or sets up the text support:
A key issue challenging the homeless community, and those working to help the homeless out of their situation, is the rate of addiction to drugs and alcohol.
3. Follow up and develop the idea with your analysis breaking down the point.
4. Notice the set up of the text by attributing the author (sometimes title) of the source.
Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that
5. Add in text citation after the source use – (1027).
6. Close out paragraph by addressing the source use and returning back to your main idea for further analysis.
Put it all Together w/ Source Support Highlighted:
(P) A key issue challenging the homeless community, and those working to help the homeless out of their situation, is the high rate of addiction to drugs and alcohol. (I) Substance abuse can cripple one’s ability to maintain a common standard of living. Those suffering in the throes of addiction will struggle to hold a job and often lose connection to the support of their loved ones. This disconnect from a steady income, family, and friends, plus the cost of their addiction, may lead to a life on the streets. Once there, the addiction can further manifest and take hold continuing a dangerous spiral. (E) Robert Hartmann McNamara authored a report on “Homelessness”, which presented that drug use amongst the homeless is prevalent. Research from the 80’s routinely presented a clear connection between homelessness and addiction (1027). This connection can be powerful and extremely challenging to break. (S) Even if addiction did not cause the homeless state, living without shelter, physical and emotional, creates an opportunity for substances to replace security and love. When trying to rise out of a homelessness, the need to kick the addiction becomes paramount to become self-reliant again. The clear relationship between homelessness and substance abuse creates a challenging set of circumstances for both the individual and those attempting to intervene and help.
Remember the “Rule of Thirds”
To.
Tips for EditorialsTips on Content of Letter· If a publicatio.docxherthalearmont
Tips for Editorials
Tips on Content of Letter:
· If a publication receives multiple letters on the same subject, the editor will choose one that says something in a new way or takes a unique angle.
· Focus your letter on one point on one subject. If you are commenting on a specific story in the paper, mention the headline and date. Cite the specific reference and sum it up in a sentence to refresh readers’ memories. Then point out facts that were left out, or refute or support facts that were stated.
· Be clear and concise. Shorter is better. Most papers want letters of 250 words or less. Magazines such as Time want even less.
· State your point early in the letter and support your point with facts.
· Know the audience of the publication. Technical information and long, multi-syllable words are often inappropriate for a general audience.
· If appropriate, mention your motivation or expertise in writing. For example, “As an Ohio State University student, I believe… and therefore x,” or “I am a director of a non-profit agency that serves families in poverty. Here is what my experience has been….That is why I believe y.”
General Logistical Tips:
Know and follow the policies and specifications of the publication to which you are submitting your letter. Except as noted, it is OK to send the same or similar letters to more than one publication. But don’t submit the same or similar letters to multiple papers in the same media market.
Always include your name, address, and daytime telephone number.
Don’t send specifically local letters to other localities.
General Tips:
Avoid clichés, name-calling, slang, and repetition.
Check your letter for grammar and fluidity, read it out loud to make sure the thoughts flow well.
Give it a catchy title.
How do you write a letter to the editor?
1. Begin the letter with a simple salutation.
Don’t worry if you don’t know the editor’s name. A simple, “To the Editor of the Lantern” is sufficient. If you have the editor’s name, however, you should use it to increase the possibility of your letter being read.
2. Grab the reader’s attention.
Get attention right away; your opening sentence is very important. It should make the reader want to read more.
3. Explain what the letter is about at the start.
Throughout your letter, remember the rule:
Be quick,
Be concise, and then
Be quiet.
Don’t make the editor or the general public wait to find out what you want to say. Tell them your key point at the beginning.
4. Explain why the issue is important.
If you are motivated enough to write a letter to a newspaper or magazine, the importance of your topic may seem clear to you. Remember, though, that the general public probably doesn’t share your background or the interest. Explain the issue and its importance simply. Use plain language that most people will understand.
5. Give evidence for any praise or criticism.
If you are writing a letter discussing a past or pending action, be clear in showing why ...
1 Portfolio Drexel University Critical Reasoning Ph.docxjoyjonna282
1
Portfolio
Drexel University
Critical Reasoning
Philosophy 105
Patrick Denehy
This document provides more information about the portfolio project and guidelines to complete each
content area to the best of your ability. Use the information here and contained in the syllabus to answer
initial questions you may have. And don’t forget to include citations for every piece of text you reference
or use to help you formulate your own work. You can either include a short works cited/bibliography at the
end of each content area, or one large works cited/bibliography encompassing all content areas. Any style
is fine so long as it is consistent.
Meeting
You need to schedule a 30-minute meeting with me during the term. You should bring two content areas of
your choosing with you for review. These need to be full first drafts, not merely ideas or notes. I will read
as much as time permits to provide you feedback on how to improve these pieces of writing and approach
the remaining content areas. I will also give you a sense of where you stand with your APC grade.
Fallacies
For the fallacies content area, you should find examples of fallacies committed in texts or videos.* If all
else fails, create a dialogue between different persons that represents fallacious arguments you have heard
in the past or in which you were personally involved. After providing the fallacy, you should identify the
fallacy and then explain how this text, video, or dialogue commits this fallacy.
Students usually complete this section in one of three ways. One option is to provide a number of
examples with brief explanations (roughly 5-8 fallacies). The second option discusses fewer fallacies in
more depth (roughly 2-3 fallacies). Finally, other students take up some issue of the day and locate a
number of fallacies in arguments surrounding that issue. This third option usually involves discussing
fewer fallacies in depth as well, thereby overlapping with the second option.
Morals and Markets
While some people attempt to respond to the overall claims of Sandel’s book – and this is all well and good
– I encourage everyone to focus on at least two concrete cases or scenarios he raises. This will allow you
to provide a more in-depth response or investigate a case even further. Some people also use this as an
opportunity to perform light research in order to substantiate or criticize various points in the book. Feel
free to bring in other cases that display a dilemma of norms in a market-driven culture.
* You should not simply repeat fallacies from our textbook, another logic textbook, or some website
dedicated to explaining fallacies. There would be no point to such an exercise. The purpose is to display
that you can apply the concept of a fallacy to real-world cases, not ones already identified by others.
Finally, if you are wondering why I have included thi ...
Assignment 9 Answer the following questions. 1. Review the lis.docxrock73
Assignment 9
Answer the following questions.
1. Review the list of Freud’s defense mechanisms discussed in your textbook. Choose three and describe instances when you observed yourself or someone else utilizing them. Explain how the use of defense mechanisms can be both healthy and unhealthy.
2. Your textbook highlights several different types of psychological tests. Identify three types of tests and explain what they are used for. Do you think these types of tests would be useful for human resources departments to use to determine personnel decisions, such as hiring, promotion and termination? Explain your answer.
3. Define stress, including the role of cognitive appraisal and coping strategies.
350 words per question and use the outline paper attached for the format.
Reflection Paper
INTRODUCTION
One of the main goals in this course is for you to develop personally through knowledge of psychology. This assignment will give you the opportunity to apply psychological principles to your own life, to your relationships, and to your life in society.
For this assignment you will write a reflection paper detailing the personal development you feel you have achieved.
Your paper should adhere to the following guidelines:
Content: See paper description below.
Length: Approximately 1200 to 1800 words in length (about 5 to 7 pages long)
Typography: Use a size 12 Times New Roman or Arial font, double-spaced
Citation style: Include APA style references to the textbook and other course materials. Please note: While APA style doesn’t usually allow the writer to refer to her/himself in the first person (i.e., using “I” or “me” to refer to yourself), this paper will require the use of first person language.
Due date and grade weighting: The paper is due no later than the final day of the term and will account for 10% of your final grade.
PAPER DESCRIPTION
During this term you have learned about, discussed, and written about the following topics:
Research methods
Neuroscience and behavior
States of consciousness
Learning and memory functions
Thinking, language, and intelligence
Motivation and emotion
Human development
Health psychology: understanding stress and coping
Personality
As you review the topics in this list, reflect on how a better understanding of these topics in psychology has impacted you in four areas:
Personal: How has taking this course allowed you to better understand yourself? What insights have you gained? In what ways has this course helped you to understand your thoughts, feelings or behaviors? In what areas of your life do you still struggle and need help with?
Social: How has taking this course allowed you to better understand your relationship(s) with someone else? Think about a significant relationship, and discuss how topics studied in this course have allowed you to gain a better understanding of that relationship.
Organizational and Societal: How has taking this cour ...
1. Household BudgetShould be in APA writing style.1. Create a .docxSONU61709
1. Household Budget
Should be in APA writing style.
1. Create a simple household budget, including all income and expenses. There are various templates available online to help you do this. Find one that you feel comfortable with and that fits your needs to complete this activity.
2. Were you surprised by anything when you created the budget? Do you think you will use it and follow it?
3. How might a career change (perhaps into the field you researched for the discussion forum) and further education affect your budget?
Criteria:
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:
. Write a minimum of 400 words (approximately 2 pages) using Microsoft Word.
. Attempt APA style, see example below.
. Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
. Include cover page and reference page.
. At least 60% of your paper must be original content/writing.
. No more than 40% of your content/information may come from references.
. Use at least two references from outside the course material, preferably from EBSCOhost.
. Text book, lectures, and other materials in the course may be used, but are not counted toward the two reference requirement.
. Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must be identified in the paper and listed on a reference page.
. Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.
. Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, etc. are not acceptable.
1. Summary
Overview
Since this class is centered on the practice of working with the ideas of others and synthesizing those ideas into our own writing, it stands to reason that we should spend some time practicing the art of summary. This summary exercise will help you to improve your academic writing in several ways: First, this excercise will help you to find meaning within a given text and provide you with a better way of interpreting what the author is trying to say; secondly, this exercise will give you further practice in summarizing, paraphrasing, using quotations, and condensing ideas—skills that are essential to academic writing.
Remember that the purpose of this summary is not to relate your reaction to the reading; your role in this process is to simply convey the information in the reading in condensed form. Do not include personal opinion, personal judgments of the material, or personal narrative. Be brief, be as accurate as you can, and try to capture the complete sense of the reading in your summary.
Read and Summarize
Go to the resources tab and use the Ebscohost link to search for the following articles:
· Friedman, T. L., & Mandelbaum, M. (2011). America really was that great (but that doesn't mean we are now). Foreign Policy, (189), 76-78. ‘ARTICLE IS BELOW ON PAGE 3 OF THIS WORD DOCUMENT’
Your summary should meet the following guidelines:
...
Work EthicsIf it’s worth doing it, it’s worth doing it right t.docxambersalomon88660
Work Ethics
If it’s worth doing it, it’s worth doing it right the first time.
1
What are your personal examples?
Just when you think you are good, make it better!
Getting Things Done: Mise En Place
What is Mise En Place? Put in place!
Communication and Organization
Slow down to speed up?
Please listen or read it here: http://www.npr.org/2015/01/02/374511095/how-organizing-like-a-chef-can-help-you
2
Close your eyes and listen to this radio podcast on mise en place. (Click on the Kitchen Confidential picture in presentation mode) Read the script or replay the podcast if necessary. What do you learn from this reporting?
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence
Importance of being exact:
My GE refrigerator didn’t fit!
Pursuit of perfection:
Japanese Metro, Lexus
Imagine yourself standing on the springboard and jumping into the dry pool 10 meters below, knowing that water will flow and fill the pool before you hit the bottom…
3
What are your personal examples?
Just when you think you are good, make it better!
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence: GE
4
GE says that this fridge fits the 36” openings with ¼” clearance. The spec sheet says that the width is between 35 1/2” and 35 7/8” but it did NOT fit into my 36” kitchen opening! Do you have similar experiences? What can be done at factory?
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence: Japan
http://youtu.be/_rtxm30NULU
http://youtu.be/AktHnnA9QIM
Please click to watch the videos.
5
What are your personal examples? The Lexus commercial first aired in 1992 launched it into the luxury brand category!
The photo I chose to analyze is http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/morris/ill311.html. It is from the Church in the Southern Black Community Collection. It shows the Morris family from Helena, Arkansas.
OBSERVE:
The first thing I see is a mother and father with five children. Judging by the way they are posed, the deadpan looks on their faces, and the very high collars on the females’ dresses, this photograph was taken during the Victorian Era. The males are all wearing suits and bow ties. The details in the back of the photo show that it was taken in a studio. It is possible that the back of the photograph lists the individual members of the family, as numbers are written on or near ever person in the image. The mother is sitting on a wicker chair.
REFLECT:
This image, based on image quality, posing, and clothing, was taken during the Victorian Era. Data available with the file says that the man was E. C. Morris, born 1855. This photo was likely taken sometime around 1885, since the oldest boy appears to be about 10 and people married early back then. It is likely that this image was taken to show how successful the man was. He was a black minister in the South after Reconstruction. Opportunities for African Americans were scarce during that time at that place, yet his family is well dressed and he could afford to have a nice por.
1. Week 2 Discussion 1 Your state has a forthcoming referendum .docxambersalomon88660
1. Week 2 Discussion 1:
Your state has a forthcoming referendum concerning no smoking in public places including bars and restaurants. Follow the ten steps on page 137 on negotiation planning. 2. Week 2: Discussion 2:I. Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases
A. The typical steps or flow in a negotiation can be found in the phase models of negotiation:
1. Initiation.
2. Problem solving.
3. Resolution.
Defines these three phases and give a thorough example of each.
3. Week 3 Discussion 1:
Each of us perceives "ethics” from our own point of reference as to what is or is not ethical. This assignment asks you to consider ethics and whistle-blowers. Select one of the behaviors listed below for your discussion posting. Base your posting on your relationship with the "unethical person” and any risk involved in "whistle blowing”.
1. Stealing from an employer
2. Falsifying a time sheet
3. Padding an expense account
4. Falsifying any document or record
5. Lying about the conduct of a co-worker
4. Week 3: Discussion 2. In a hostage crises, is it ethical for a government to agree to grant a terrorist immunity if he releases the hostages, even though the government has every intention of capturing and prosecuting the terrorist once his hostages are released?5. Week 4 Discussion 1: Students are to observe two or more adults unknown to the observer. The student must not be able to hear the subjects being observed and those being observed must not be wearing a uniform of any kind as this would provide information about their occupation to the observer. Students must describe the environment and the people being observed, i.e., age, gender, dress, etc. Discuss the nonverbal communication, i.e. eye contact, body position and any other nonverbal behavior. Provide your interpretation of the relationship between those being observed. Be very discrete and do not have a conversation with those being observed.6. Week 4 Discussion 2: Chapter 6 discusses four types of perceptual distortions: stereotyping, halo effects, selective perception, and projection. Define each of these types of perceptual distortions and provide a full example of each perceptual distortion.
7. Week 5 Discussion 1: Select four people currently well known in the USA media and discuss their exertion of one of the sources of power. Students must cover all four of the sources of power discussed on page 263 of your textbook. Apply only one source of power to each of the four people selected.
8. Week 5 Discussion 2: Refer to page 309. Commitment: A Cautionary Tale. Discuss fully what is a cautionary tale from an organizational perspective and provide a personal example of a cautionary tale which has happened to you.
9. Week 6 Discussion1: Hypothetically speaking, you are assigned to a committee of three to decide on a dress code for Campbellsville University Staff and Faculty. Only two of the three votes are required to pass this policy. In this situation you are o.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Assignment 9 Answer the following questions. 1. Review the lis.docxrock73
Assignment 9
Answer the following questions.
1. Review the list of Freud’s defense mechanisms discussed in your textbook. Choose three and describe instances when you observed yourself or someone else utilizing them. Explain how the use of defense mechanisms can be both healthy and unhealthy.
2. Your textbook highlights several different types of psychological tests. Identify three types of tests and explain what they are used for. Do you think these types of tests would be useful for human resources departments to use to determine personnel decisions, such as hiring, promotion and termination? Explain your answer.
3. Define stress, including the role of cognitive appraisal and coping strategies.
350 words per question and use the outline paper attached for the format.
Reflection Paper
INTRODUCTION
One of the main goals in this course is for you to develop personally through knowledge of psychology. This assignment will give you the opportunity to apply psychological principles to your own life, to your relationships, and to your life in society.
For this assignment you will write a reflection paper detailing the personal development you feel you have achieved.
Your paper should adhere to the following guidelines:
Content: See paper description below.
Length: Approximately 1200 to 1800 words in length (about 5 to 7 pages long)
Typography: Use a size 12 Times New Roman or Arial font, double-spaced
Citation style: Include APA style references to the textbook and other course materials. Please note: While APA style doesn’t usually allow the writer to refer to her/himself in the first person (i.e., using “I” or “me” to refer to yourself), this paper will require the use of first person language.
Due date and grade weighting: The paper is due no later than the final day of the term and will account for 10% of your final grade.
PAPER DESCRIPTION
During this term you have learned about, discussed, and written about the following topics:
Research methods
Neuroscience and behavior
States of consciousness
Learning and memory functions
Thinking, language, and intelligence
Motivation and emotion
Human development
Health psychology: understanding stress and coping
Personality
As you review the topics in this list, reflect on how a better understanding of these topics in psychology has impacted you in four areas:
Personal: How has taking this course allowed you to better understand yourself? What insights have you gained? In what ways has this course helped you to understand your thoughts, feelings or behaviors? In what areas of your life do you still struggle and need help with?
Social: How has taking this course allowed you to better understand your relationship(s) with someone else? Think about a significant relationship, and discuss how topics studied in this course have allowed you to gain a better understanding of that relationship.
Organizational and Societal: How has taking this cour ...
1. Household BudgetShould be in APA writing style.1. Create a .docxSONU61709
1. Household Budget
Should be in APA writing style.
1. Create a simple household budget, including all income and expenses. There are various templates available online to help you do this. Find one that you feel comfortable with and that fits your needs to complete this activity.
2. Were you surprised by anything when you created the budget? Do you think you will use it and follow it?
3. How might a career change (perhaps into the field you researched for the discussion forum) and further education affect your budget?
Criteria:
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:
. Write a minimum of 400 words (approximately 2 pages) using Microsoft Word.
. Attempt APA style, see example below.
. Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
. Include cover page and reference page.
. At least 60% of your paper must be original content/writing.
. No more than 40% of your content/information may come from references.
. Use at least two references from outside the course material, preferably from EBSCOhost.
. Text book, lectures, and other materials in the course may be used, but are not counted toward the two reference requirement.
. Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must be identified in the paper and listed on a reference page.
. Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.
. Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, etc. are not acceptable.
1. Summary
Overview
Since this class is centered on the practice of working with the ideas of others and synthesizing those ideas into our own writing, it stands to reason that we should spend some time practicing the art of summary. This summary exercise will help you to improve your academic writing in several ways: First, this excercise will help you to find meaning within a given text and provide you with a better way of interpreting what the author is trying to say; secondly, this exercise will give you further practice in summarizing, paraphrasing, using quotations, and condensing ideas—skills that are essential to academic writing.
Remember that the purpose of this summary is not to relate your reaction to the reading; your role in this process is to simply convey the information in the reading in condensed form. Do not include personal opinion, personal judgments of the material, or personal narrative. Be brief, be as accurate as you can, and try to capture the complete sense of the reading in your summary.
Read and Summarize
Go to the resources tab and use the Ebscohost link to search for the following articles:
· Friedman, T. L., & Mandelbaum, M. (2011). America really was that great (but that doesn't mean we are now). Foreign Policy, (189), 76-78. ‘ARTICLE IS BELOW ON PAGE 3 OF THIS WORD DOCUMENT’
Your summary should meet the following guidelines:
...
Work EthicsIf it’s worth doing it, it’s worth doing it right t.docxambersalomon88660
Work Ethics
If it’s worth doing it, it’s worth doing it right the first time.
1
What are your personal examples?
Just when you think you are good, make it better!
Getting Things Done: Mise En Place
What is Mise En Place? Put in place!
Communication and Organization
Slow down to speed up?
Please listen or read it here: http://www.npr.org/2015/01/02/374511095/how-organizing-like-a-chef-can-help-you
2
Close your eyes and listen to this radio podcast on mise en place. (Click on the Kitchen Confidential picture in presentation mode) Read the script or replay the podcast if necessary. What do you learn from this reporting?
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence
Importance of being exact:
My GE refrigerator didn’t fit!
Pursuit of perfection:
Japanese Metro, Lexus
Imagine yourself standing on the springboard and jumping into the dry pool 10 meters below, knowing that water will flow and fill the pool before you hit the bottom…
3
What are your personal examples?
Just when you think you are good, make it better!
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence: GE
4
GE says that this fridge fits the 36” openings with ¼” clearance. The spec sheet says that the width is between 35 1/2” and 35 7/8” but it did NOT fit into my 36” kitchen opening! Do you have similar experiences? What can be done at factory?
Meaning of Being Exact and the Pursuit of Excellence: Japan
http://youtu.be/_rtxm30NULU
http://youtu.be/AktHnnA9QIM
Please click to watch the videos.
5
What are your personal examples? The Lexus commercial first aired in 1992 launched it into the luxury brand category!
The photo I chose to analyze is http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/morris/ill311.html. It is from the Church in the Southern Black Community Collection. It shows the Morris family from Helena, Arkansas.
OBSERVE:
The first thing I see is a mother and father with five children. Judging by the way they are posed, the deadpan looks on their faces, and the very high collars on the females’ dresses, this photograph was taken during the Victorian Era. The males are all wearing suits and bow ties. The details in the back of the photo show that it was taken in a studio. It is possible that the back of the photograph lists the individual members of the family, as numbers are written on or near ever person in the image. The mother is sitting on a wicker chair.
REFLECT:
This image, based on image quality, posing, and clothing, was taken during the Victorian Era. Data available with the file says that the man was E. C. Morris, born 1855. This photo was likely taken sometime around 1885, since the oldest boy appears to be about 10 and people married early back then. It is likely that this image was taken to show how successful the man was. He was a black minister in the South after Reconstruction. Opportunities for African Americans were scarce during that time at that place, yet his family is well dressed and he could afford to have a nice por.
1. Week 2 Discussion 1 Your state has a forthcoming referendum .docxambersalomon88660
1. Week 2 Discussion 1:
Your state has a forthcoming referendum concerning no smoking in public places including bars and restaurants. Follow the ten steps on page 137 on negotiation planning. 2. Week 2: Discussion 2:I. Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases
A. The typical steps or flow in a negotiation can be found in the phase models of negotiation:
1. Initiation.
2. Problem solving.
3. Resolution.
Defines these three phases and give a thorough example of each.
3. Week 3 Discussion 1:
Each of us perceives "ethics” from our own point of reference as to what is or is not ethical. This assignment asks you to consider ethics and whistle-blowers. Select one of the behaviors listed below for your discussion posting. Base your posting on your relationship with the "unethical person” and any risk involved in "whistle blowing”.
1. Stealing from an employer
2. Falsifying a time sheet
3. Padding an expense account
4. Falsifying any document or record
5. Lying about the conduct of a co-worker
4. Week 3: Discussion 2. In a hostage crises, is it ethical for a government to agree to grant a terrorist immunity if he releases the hostages, even though the government has every intention of capturing and prosecuting the terrorist once his hostages are released?5. Week 4 Discussion 1: Students are to observe two or more adults unknown to the observer. The student must not be able to hear the subjects being observed and those being observed must not be wearing a uniform of any kind as this would provide information about their occupation to the observer. Students must describe the environment and the people being observed, i.e., age, gender, dress, etc. Discuss the nonverbal communication, i.e. eye contact, body position and any other nonverbal behavior. Provide your interpretation of the relationship between those being observed. Be very discrete and do not have a conversation with those being observed.6. Week 4 Discussion 2: Chapter 6 discusses four types of perceptual distortions: stereotyping, halo effects, selective perception, and projection. Define each of these types of perceptual distortions and provide a full example of each perceptual distortion.
7. Week 5 Discussion 1: Select four people currently well known in the USA media and discuss their exertion of one of the sources of power. Students must cover all four of the sources of power discussed on page 263 of your textbook. Apply only one source of power to each of the four people selected.
8. Week 5 Discussion 2: Refer to page 309. Commitment: A Cautionary Tale. Discuss fully what is a cautionary tale from an organizational perspective and provide a personal example of a cautionary tale which has happened to you.
9. Week 6 Discussion1: Hypothetically speaking, you are assigned to a committee of three to decide on a dress code for Campbellsville University Staff and Faculty. Only two of the three votes are required to pass this policy. In this situation you are o.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
RfR.Ch91_Organizational Patterns_NEW.ppt
1. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Chapter 9: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
From this chapter, you’ll learn
• how to identify six common patterns of
organization.
• how to decide what’s essential to notes on
those six patterns.
2. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
9.1 Defining Terms
Patterns of Organization
• develop naturally or are selected based on the main idea.
• are emphasized by writers to make the relationships
between ideas clear to readers, e.g., writers use specific
transitions that help readers connect sentences.
• give readers a way of organizing information in long-term
memory, e.g., readers can mentally categorize information
into causes and effects, steps in a process, similarities and
differences, etc.
• are characteristic, or typical, methods of developing ideas
in writing.
3. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
A Word to the Wise
Keep in mind that organizational patterns are dictated by the
writer’s main idea, not the other way around. Writers may stick
to one pattern of development, combine two or three, or
dispense altogether with any pre-existing patterns of organization.
The method of development always depends on what the idea
being put forth calls for. Sometimes, when students learn about
organizational patterns, they think that maintaining the pattern is
more important than developing their point. It isn’t. Writers
don’t write cause-and-effect essays. They write essays, articles,
or, indeed, entire books, that may (or may not) use the cause-
and-effect pattern of organization to convey ideas.
4. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
The Six Patterns of Organization
1. Definition: offers a detailed meaning of a word or phrase.
2. Time Order: Sequence of dates and events: traces the events in a
career or the events preceding a cultural or social change. Process
describes the steps in a sequence to explain how something functions
or occurs in real time. Both require the author to organize the
supporting details according to when events or steps occur (or
occurred) in real time.
3. Simple listing: presents, in any order, characteristics, attitudes,
studies, etc., supporting or explaining a point.
4. Cause and effect: explains how one event led to or produced another.
5. Comparison and contrast: shows how two topics are similar
or different in order to develop the main idea.
6. Classification: describes the sub-groups that make up some larger
whole.
5. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
A Word to the Wise
Patterns of organization in paragraphs don’t always come in
the purest form. Sometimes they are mixed together in
exactly equal measure. Much of the time, though, one
pattern is primary, or the most important. That’s the one
you want to identify. The primary pattern is used for the
majority of sentences in the passage and is central to
explaining the main idea.
6. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Which pattern do you think is primary in the following paragraph?
Is it cause and effect or sequence of dates and events?
• When Elvis Presley, the acknowledged king of rock and roll
died in 1977, he was horribly overweight, addicted to
countless drugs, and subject to fits of rage. Exactly what
caused Presley’s decline is unknown, but many have
speculated that insecurities about his talent may have
tormented him more than most realized. Like actress
Marilyn Monroe, Presley would have liked to be taken
seriously as an actor, but critics treated his attempts at
dramatic roles as a joke. In addition, the entertainer seems
never to have quite recovered from the loss of his mother
in 1958 or his stint in the army, and the two events seem to
have broken his spirit. When he returned to civilian life in
1960 and resumed his career, Presley was a changed man,
and his music had lost its old energy and spark.
7. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
1. Pattern Characteristics
Definition: The topic sentence introduces a key
word or phrase, followed by one or more
meanings.
• Often the key word or phrase is in italics or
boldface.
• The paragraph fleshes out the definition by
giving an example of the word in context or
providing some general background.
8. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
1. Definition Pattern: Example
Deinstitutionalization is a mental health policy
that emerged in the 1960s. The policy re-
directed care of persons with severe mental
disorders from state mental hospitals to
community-based treatment settings. Based
on the policy of deinstitutionalization, many
state hospitals were closed and replaced by
community mental health centers or resi-
dential treatment facilities.
9. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
Make sure you
1. can paraphrase the definition, summing
it up in your own words.
2. remember how the definition is related
to any specific people, events, or dates.
3. understand how the details supplied
relate to the definition.
10. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
2. Pattern Characteristics
Time Order: Dates and Events: The
paragraph (1) includes a number of dates and events
comprising someone’s life or career or (2) traces the
events that preceded a particularly important social
change or historical occurrence.
• The pattern is likely to include transitions such as by
1972, after the fall of 1941, in the summer of 2010.
• The events are ordered according to how they
occurred in real time.
11. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
2. Dates and Events Pattern: Example
• Congresswoman Barbara Jordan’s life was punctuated by a long list
of personal and professional achievements. Born in Houston, Texas
in 1936, Jordan made history in 1966 when she became the first
African American to serve in the Texas senate since 1883. On
March 21, 1967, she became the first African American to preside
over the state senate. In 1972, Jordan ran for Congress and won.
She gained national prominence during the televised Watergate
proceedings of 1974, when her eloquence impressed a national
audience. In 1976, she became the first African American to give a
keynote address before the Democratic National Convention.
Jordan retired from politics in 1979 due to ill health. She died in
1996.
12. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
• A series of dates and events is a strong clue to
the presence of this pattern. So too are topic
sentences like “Creative writing programs are
not a modern invention, college catalogues
indicate their existence starting in 1897 and
continuing to the present.”
13. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
A Word to the Wise
Keep in mind, though, that one or two dates and events don’t
usually indicate that the primary pattern is a sequence of dates and
events. Passages that mention several dates and events or make
references to a number of dates and events are likely to be relying
on this method of organization. One or two dates and events,
however, do not add up to an overall pattern of development.
14. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
2. Pattern Characteristics
Time Order Process: The paragraph explains
how something functions, happens, or develops
• A specific number of individual steps or strategies
are named and described.
• Transitions like first, second, next, and at the end
often introduce the steps or stages.
• The order in which the steps or stages are
presented is based on events in real time.
15. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
2. Process Pattern: Example
• The earliest box camera had four essential
parts—shutter, lens, box, and film—and three
essential steps. When a picture was taken, the
shutter opened, allowing light to enter. Then
the lens, a circular piece of glass, focused the
light so it passed through the box. In the third
and final step, the light-sensitive film at the
back of the box received and recorded the
image.
16. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Make sure you
1. can identify and describe the individual steps
or stages.
2. know any specialized vocabulary necessary to
understanding the steps in the process.
3. consider using a flow chart that diagrams the
individual steps, phases, or stages.
Pattern Pointers for Notes
17. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Sample Flow Chart: Box Camera’s
Three Steps
Shutter
opens
and
allows
light to
enter.
The lens
focuses
the light
and lets
it pass
through.
Light-
sensitive
film at
back
records
image.
18. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
3. Pattern Characteristics
Simple Listing: The paragraph identifies or names a
number of specific features, characteristics or
examples that require no specific order of
presentation.
• The pattern is likely to include topic sentences with
phrases such as “several key cases,” “a number of
symptoms,” or “several studies.”
• The details give specifics about the cases, symptoms,
or studies, but they require no specific order of
presentation; they can be rearranged to suit the
author.
19. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
3. Simple Listing Pattern: Example
• There are three ways to ruin even the best
friendship. Best friends tell each other secrets
they would be unlikely to tell anyone else. Betray
that confidence, and the friendship can end
overnight. If a best friend’s romance goes down
in flames, don’t date the ex. No matter what
your friend says, he or she will not be happy
about the two of you getting together. Finally, if
your best friend confides in you about a problem,
don’t immediately come up with a solution.
Sometimes friends just want a listener, not a
problem solver.
20. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
• If the topic sentence announces the number of
items to be listed—“There are three things you
need to do to complete a successful job
interview”—you know right away that you need
to record at least three supporting details.
• Consider using diagrams for passages using the
simple listing pattern. Details that have no
intrinsic, or natural, order are sometimes hard to
remember. Diagramming them can be a memory
booster.
21. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Diagrams can help you remember by giving you
a visual image to attach to the author’s words.
Dating the
ex
Always being
a problem
solver.
Betraying a
friend’s secrets
How to lose a
best friend
22. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
4. Pattern Characteristics
Comparison and Contrast: The similarities
and/or differences between two topics are
discussed in detail.
• The comparison and contrast pattern has to
have two topics.
• Transitions such as in contrast, similarly,
and however turn up frequently.
• The supporting details describe similarities
and/or differences.
23. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
4. Comparison and Contrast Pattern:
Example
• Men have a harder time adjusting to
widowhood than women do. Although both
sexes suffer profoundly at the loss of a spouse,
men seem to have more problems. They have
difficulty, for instance, managing the household
chores once performed by their wives. They
also have difficulty keeping in touch with old
friends because it was the wife who, in the past,
kept up the couple’s social network.
24. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
• Don’t get so caught up in the similarities and
differences, you forget what they are there for.
Be sure you understand and record the main
idea they develop.
• Make your notes a visual reflection of the
pattern by putting the similarities and
differences into columns.
25. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Widowhood is harder on men than
women.
• Men have trouble
running the household.
• Men aren’t used to
keeping in touch with a
circle of former friends.
• Women are used to
maintaining a
household.
• Women don’t have
difficulty keeping up
social ties.
26. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
5. Pattern Characteristics
Cause and Effect: The paragraph explains how
one event produced or set off another event
or train of events.
• The paragraph is likely to include verbs like
caused, triggered, created and induced.
• It’s also like to include transitions such as
consequently, as a result, due to and in
response.
27. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
5. Cause-and-Effect Pattern:
Example
• In 2001 Abdel Baset al-Megrahi, who took part in
the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over
Lockerbie, Scotland, was released from prison.
Megrahi’s act had resulted in the death of all 259
people on board, and he had been sentenced to
life. However, because he was suffering from
incurable prostate cancer the Scottish Judge
Kenny MacAskill decided Megrahi was deserving
of compassionate release. According to
MacAskill, Megrahi’s condition obliged the court
to show mercy, especially since the man would
soon be judged by a “higher power.”
28. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
• Be aware that this pattern can identify a series of
causes or effects. Don’t assume that identifying
just one cause and one effect completes your
notes—or your understanding of the passage.
• Be aware as well that sometimes causes can
produce effects that turn into causes. Think of it
this way: Too much pollen in the air can cause
you to cough a lot. Coughing, in turn, can cause
yet another effect, in this case, laryngitis or loss
of your voice.
29. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
6. Pattern Characteristics
Classification: The topic sentence describes how
some larger group can be broken down into smaller
subgroups.
• topic sentences include words like categories and
subgroups.
• topic sentence use verbs like broken down into,
analyzed, or divided.
30. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
6. Classification Pattern: Example
• The animal kingdom is divided up into groups
called phyla (phylum is the singular.) Single-celled
animals like amoeba, for instance, belong to the
phylum called Protozoa while sponges belong to
the category labeled Porifera, and round worms
are classified as Nemanthelminthes. Clams and
snails belong to the category called Mollusca, and
insects are grouped under the heading
Arthropoda. And what category are humans in?
Humans, along with fish, birds and reptiles,
belong to the category Chordata.
31. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Pattern Pointers for Notes
• Make sure you know what larger group is being
sub-divided and how many categories emerge as
a result of the division.
• If the categories described are given specific
names, be sure to put the names into your notes.
• When you finish a passage that relies mainly on
the classification pattern, test your understanding
by seeing how well you can name and describe
the individual categories.
32. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns
of Organization in Paragraphs
You’ve previewed the major concepts and skills introduced
in Chapter 9. Take this quick quiz to test your mastery of
those skills and concepts, and you are ready to read the
chapter.
33. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Identify the pattern of organization suggested by
each sentence and explain what it was about the
sentence that guided your choice:
1. Changing a person’s attitude is not easy, but it can
be done and there are several techniques that can
successfully be used to bring about change.
2. As first ladies go, no two were more distinctly
different from one another than Jacqueline
Kennedy and Patricia Nixon.
34. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Sentence 1 is cause and effect because it
• emphasizes how one thing produces, or brings
about, another.
Sentence 2 is comparison and contrast because it
• introduces two different topics, Jacqueline
Kennedy and Patricia Nixon.
• points out how they differ.
35. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Identify the pattern of organization suggested by
each sentence:
3. In the corporate world, the term “means-end
analysis” refers to analyzing a task in order to
discover the method of action that would get
you most quickly to your final goal.
4. Depending on the method of division, glaciers
can be grouped into three or four different
categories.
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
36. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Sentence 3 suggests the definition pattern because
• the opening phrase “means-end analysis” is followed by a
restatement of the phrase’s meaning.
• quotation marks (could also be italics or boldface) highlight the
opening phrase.
• the verb “refers” suggests a definition pattern will follow.
Sentence 4 suggests the classification pattern because
• it explains how some larger whole can be sub-divided into smaller
groups.
• combines the words “division,” “categories,” and “grouped” in the
same sentence.
37. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Identify the pattern of organization suggested by
each sentence:
5. Russia’s Prime Minister, Vladimir Putin, has had a
long and generally sinister career.
6. In order to remember new information for more
than a few minutes, the human brain requires
that several steps be completed in the following
order.
38. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Sentence 5 suggests a sequence of dates and events
pattern because
• the topic sentence focuses on Putin’s career.
• it is impossible to discuss a “long career,” even a
sinister one, without discussing the dates and events
that make up the career.
Sentence 6 suggests a process pattern because
• the topic sentence explains how something happens.
• the topic sentence uses the phrase “a certain number
of different steps.”
39. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Identify the pattern of organization
suggested by this sentence:
7. There are a number of specific things you
should not do when preparing to buy a
new or used car.
40. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Finishing Up: Recognizing Patterns of
Organization in Paragraphs
Sentence 7 is simple listing because
• the phrase “a number of specific things”
appears in the topic sentence.
• the order in which those “things” are
explained does not seem important.
42. Copyright Laraine Flemming 2009
Brain Teaser Challenge
Read the following quotation from Bruce Lee, the
actor who became famous displaying his very real
martial arts abilities in a string of successful films.
In your own words, what does he mean to say
about pattern, and do his words apply to the
patterns of organization you just learned to
recognize?
“All fixed set patterns are incapable of
adaptability or pliability.* The truth is
outside of all fixed patterns. “
Pliability: flexibility, capable of changing
or bending
Editor's Notes
The paragraph is focused on explaining the causes of Presley’s decline and the majority of the sentences are devoted to that explanation. The dates and events are certainly there but time order is not the primary pattern.
You might want to ask students if Watergate means anything to them. Most don’t know that Watergate was the hotel where political operatives tried to break in and steal files. Their getting caught is what set off the scandal that took down then President Richard M. Nixon.
As one might expect, the Scottish court’s action released an outpouring of fury in the United States. Many of those on board Flight 103 were college students, and for their parents someone like Megrahi deserved no compassion. The paragraph can generate some good, albeit heated, discussion.
The key words in this pattern are “bring about change,” and they point the way to cause and effect. However, I’d also go with simple listing since these two patterns so often overlap. In item 2, the clause “no two were more distinctly different” is a dead give away to the pattern, which is comparison and contrast. Note, I have also included slides that discuss the answers, but feel free to edit them out of your presentation of the material.
In statement 3, the words “term” and “refers” both strongly suggest the definition pattern. The sentence as a whole suggests the offering of a definition for what is, to my mind, an excellent example of “corporate-speak.” In sentence 4, the phrase “Depending on the means of division,” is a perfect opening statement for a paragraph organized according to the classification pattern.
The phrase “long and sinister career” in the context of sentence 5 suggests a dates and events pattern of organization. Sentence 6 is meant to imply the process pattern, which is why it ends as it does with “requires that several steps be completed in the following order.” However, I would not consider incorrect an answer based on students inferring a cause-and-effect relationship. As always, patterns of organization in readings are never as pure as we would like them to be, and there is certainly a hint of cause (the brain fulfills several steps) producing effect (the memory is retained).
The phrase “a number of specific” things strongly suggests that those “things” can be listed in any number of ways, making simple listing the best choice of organizational pattern.
Lee is probably correct concerning the truth and fixed patterns. If we view the world according to a fixed pattern of thought, we are bound to miss things that don’t fit the pattern, which as Lee uses the word is very close to being a stereotype. However, what he says doesn’t apply to the organizational patterns described here because, as one of the slides points out, the patterns aren’t “fixed.” They can be adapted or ignored depending on the idea developed. I guess it’s possible to argue the opposite: That Lee is right and the patterns described here fit his generalization. I just don’t know how to make that argument, given the emphasis on patterns being subservient to ideas rather than the other way around.