This chemistry worksheet discusses manufactured substances in industry. It provides information on the manufacturing processes of sulphuric acid, ammonia, steel, and other substances. Students are asked questions to test their understanding of industrial chemistry concepts like chemical reactions, catalysts, and the properties and uses of manufactured materials. Diagrams of industrial processes and molecular structures are included to help explain key ideas.

1. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
Name : ....................................................................................
Form : ...........................
1 Figure 1 shows the flow chart for the industrial manufacture of sulphuric acid.
FIGURE 1
(a) Name the process of manufacturing sulphuric acid.
……………………………………………………………………………………...................
[1 mark]
(b) Name the substance W
…………………………………………………………………………………….. ................
[1 mark]
(c) State the temperature, pressure and catalyst for the reaction in process II
Temperature :………………………….........
Pressure : ……………………………....
Catalyst : ………………………………
[3 marks]
(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in process III
……………………………………………………………………………………...................
[1 mark]
(e) Give two uses of sulphuric acid.
……………………………………………………………………………………...................
[2 marks]
(f)
(i) What element does fibreglass consist of?
……………………………………………………………………………..................
(ii) What property makes it suitable for the above purpose?
……………………………………………………………………………..................
[2 marks]
1
S W SO3 H2S2O7 H2SO4
Process
I
Process
II
Process
III
Process
IV
Fibreglass is used in the making of helmets

2. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
2. The flow chart ini Figure 2 shows the manufacture of ammonia and its uses
Process I
Figure 2
(a) Name gas A and gas B
Gas A : ....................................................... Gas B : ...............................................................
[2 marks]
(b) Name Process I
......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Write a balance chemical equation for Process I
......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(d) Ammonium fertilizers can be prepared by reactions between ammonia solutian
and acids.
(i) Write the chemical equation for the preparation of ammonium sulphate
fertilizer.
..............................................................................................................................................
.
[1 mark]
(ii) Urea, CO(NH2)2 is another example of ammonium fertilizers. Between urea
and ammonium sulphate, which one is more suitable for the growth of
plants? Prove it.
[Relative atomic mass: H,1; C,12; N,14; O,16; S,32]
2
Gas A
Gas B
Ammonia Ammonium Salt

3. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
3 A bicycle is made up of various parts, as shown in Diagram 2
(a) The frame of the bicycle is made of steel. What elements does steel consist of?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Draw the arrangement of atoms in steel.
[2 marks]
(ii) Steel is strong but is not suitable to be used for the wheel rim of a racing bicycle. Why?
…………………….………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
3
Wheel rim/
Rim tayar
Frame/
DIAGRAM 3

4. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
4 Diagram 3 shows the result of the diameter of dent that obtained in an experiment to
compare the hardness of iron and its alloy.
DIAGRAM 4
The results are shown in Table 4
Reading
1 2
Average
Diameter of dent on iron block (cm)
0.25 0.27
Diameter of dent on iron alloy block (cm) 0.15 0.13
TABLE 3
(a) Name one alloy that contains iron metal.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Complete Table 4 by calculates the average of dent for both experiments.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c)( i) What can be conclude from the results of the experiments?
……..…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
( ii) Explain your answer in (c)(i)
……….………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
(a) Draw the arrangement of atom in
4
Iron block or
alloy blockDiameter of dent

5. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
Iron metal Iron alloy
[2 marks]
5 Diagram 5 shows parts of a car made up of manufactured substances in industry.
(a) The car seat is covered with polyvinyl chloride, PVC a synthetic polymer. Name the monomer
of polyvinyl chloride.
…………………….………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how the usage of a synthetic polymers like PVC can give rise to enviromental
pollution problem.
…………………….………………………………………………………………………...
…………………….………………………………………………………………………...
[2 marks]
(c) The windscreen of the car is made of glass. There are four types of glass been used in our daily
lives. Complete the table below with the type of glass and its uses.
Type of glass Uses
 Laboratory glassware
 Lenses
 Telescope mirrors
 Optical fibres
 Electrical bulb
 Mirrors
 Most kinds of glass container
 Finest tableware
 Art objects
Borosilicate glass
 Cookware
 Laboratory glassware
 Automobile headlights
 Glass pipelines
[2 marks]
(d) Borosilicate glass is excellent for cookware and laboratory glassware like boiling tube, beaker
and conical flask. State one special property of borosilicate glass.
5
PVC seat cover
Glass windscreen
DIAGRAM .5

6. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
…………………….………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
6 Table 6 shows the particulars of four different types of manufactured substances
in industry.
Types Examples Components
Glass Borosilicate Silicon dioxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide and X
Polymer Z Vinyl chloride
Alloy Bronze Copper and Y
Composite
material
W
Concrete (cement, sand and small pebbles) and
steel
TABLE 6
(a) X is a part of the borosilicate glass. What is X?
......................................................................................................................................................
.
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Identify Y.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Bronze is harder than pure copper. Explain why.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) The following diagram shows a part of molecular structure of a compound Z.
H Cl H Cl H Cl
C C C C C C
H H H H H H
(i) Draw the structure of its monomer.
[1 mark]
(ii) Compound Z is often used as a water pipe. State one advantage of this type
of pipe as compared to metal pipes.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
(d) W can withstand high pressure and can support very heavy loads.
6

7. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
What is W?
.....................................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
7 (a) Glass and ceramic are widely used in our daily life.
(i) Name a chemical of the main component of glass and ceramic
…………………………………………………………………………….........................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State a reason why glass is used as laboratory apparatus instead of metal.
…………………………………………………………………………….........................................
[1 mark]
(b)
Test tube Beaker Combustion tube
DIAGRAM 7
State the type of glass that used in making the apparatus in Diagram 6
……………………………………………………………………………..................
[1 mark]
(c) Photo chromic glass is a composite material.
(i) What is composite material?
……………………………………………………………………………..................
[1 mark]
(ii) Name one of the component in photo chromic glass?
……………………………………………………………………………..................
[1 mark]
(iii) State one of the characteristic of lenses made from photo chromic glass.
……………………………………………………………………………..................
[1 mark]
7

8. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
8 Figure 8 shows an industrial preparation of sulphuric acid by the Contact Process.
Figure 8
(a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in stage III and write the
name of the catalyst in this process.
[3 marks]
(b) Sulphur trioxide at stage three cannot directly adding water to produce sulphuric
acid in industry , explain why
[4 marks].
(c) Sulphur dioxide is one of the by-products of the Contact Process and also are
release from the burning of fossil fuels. Explain how sulphur dioxide causes
environmental pollution.
[9 marks]
9 (a) Aeroplane is made from an alloy of aluminium.
What is the name of this alloy? Explain why the low density aluminium is not
suitable for building aeroplane.
[3 marks]
(b) Bronze is an alloy of copper. Diagram 9 shows the arrangement of atoms in pure
copper and bronze.
Diagram 9
(i) Name the atom X.
[ 1 mark]
8
Copper atom Atom X
Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV
S SO2 SO3 H2S2O7 H2SO4
Oxygen Oxygen Concentrated Water
Sulphuric acid

9. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
(ii) Explain why bronze is harder than pure copper.
[6 marks]
ANSWER
1 (a) Contact process 1
(b) Sulphur dioxide, SO2 1
(c) Temperature: 450o
C 1
Pressure; 1 atm 1
Catalyst: Vanadium(V) oxide 1
(d) SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7 1
(e) Fertilisers/ paint/ detergents/ fibres/ electrolytes 2
(f) (i) glass fibres and plastic 1
(ii) high tensile strength 1..10
9

10. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
3 (a) (i) Iron and carbon
1
(ii)
[ Suitable diagram ] 1
[ Label  iron & carbon atom] 1……….. 2
(iii) heavy 1
4 (a) steel, stainless steel 1
(b) 0.26, 0.14 1
(c) (i) iron alloy is harder than iron metal 1
(ii) The presence of foreign atom in iron alloy
will reduce the layer of atom from sliding on each other.
1
1
(d)
At least 3 layers of atoms contain 3 atoms each layer
2
10
Iron atom
Carbon
atom

11. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
5 (i) Chloroethene // Vinylchloride 1
(ii) Not easily biodegradable 1
Cause blockage of drainage systems / flash floods 1
OR
Give out harmfull / poisonous / toxic gases 1
Cause air pollution 1 ………….2
(iii)
Type of glass Uses
Fused glass
Soda-lime glass
Lead crystal glass
[ All correct  2 marks
2 correct  1 mark
1 correct  0 mark ]
2
(iv) Low thermal expension coefficient // High heat-resistant 1
11

12. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
6 (a)
(b) (i)
(ii)
(c) (i)
(ii)
(d)
(e) (i)
(ii)
Boron oxide
Tin
1. The presence of tin atoms of different size from the atoms of
copper distrupts the orderly arrangements of copper atoms
2. This prevents the layers of atoms from sliding over one another
easily
H Cl
| |
C == C
| |
H H
Does not corrode
Reinforced concrete
2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4//
2NH4OH + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4 + 2H2O
% N in CO(NH2)2 = %67.46%100
60
)14(2
=×
% N in (NH4)2SO4 = %21.21100
132
)14(2
=×
Urea has higher percentage of nitrogen so it is more suitable for the
growth of plants
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1…11
12

13. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
7 (b) (i) silicon dioxide 1
(ii) inert towards chemicals 1
(iii) Borosilicate glass 1
(c) (i) Structural material that is formed by combining two or more
different subtances. 1
(ii) silver bromide / Copper(I) chloride 1
(iii) darken when exposed to sunlight
8 (c) SO3 + H2SO4 → H2S2O7
reactant - 1m
product – 1m 2m
Vanadium (V) oxide 1m
(d) Reacts too violently with water 1m
produce a lot of heat 1m
Produce a large cloud of sulphuric acid mist 1m
The mist will pollutes the air / corrosive 1m
(e)Sulphur dioxide gas is soluble in rain water and forms acid rain 1m
Acid rain corrodes buildings and metal structures 1m
Acid rain flows into lakes and river 1m
Lakes and river become acidic 1m
Fish and other aquatic organisms die 1m
pH of soils decreases 1m
Plants die of malnutrition 1m
Acid rain destroys trees 1m
Sulphur dioxide causes respiratory problems in human 1m
13

14. Chemistry Worksheet – Revision on Form 4 Topic : Manufactured Substances in Industry
9 (a) Duralumin
Aluminium is soft /easily dented / cannot withstands pressure
(Any two correct answers)
1
2 3
7(b)(i)
(ii)
Tin
In pure copper,
• atoms are of the same size
• atoms are orderly arranged in layers
• the layers of atoms can slide over each one another when a force is
apply
In bronze,
• atoms of tin and copper have different size
• the presence of tin atoms disrupt the orderly arrangement of the
copper atoms.
• The layers of copper atoms are prevented from sliding over each
other easily.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 7
14