The document discusses store layout and space management. It describes different circulation patterns for store layouts including free flow, grid, race track, herringbone, and spine forms. It also discusses parameters for evaluating space performance such as sales per square foot and margins. Space audits are recommended to analyze non-traded space, hot and cold spots, and efficiency of selling versus non-selling space. The goal is to optimize trading space to achieve maximum sales while ensuring customer convenience.

1. Store layout
• It provides circulation plan (the silent guide). Once customer
is inside the store needs to b guided silently to where to go,
also to expose entire store offerings. It can b achieved by
planning the circulation and the location of merchandise. a
“Pinball Effect” i.e. focal points highlighted with lighting and
strategic display along the aisles pull the customer from section
2 section and silently guided thru entire store.
• Width of the aisles is according to density and traffic pattern.
The main aisle or highway in departmental store is 6’ wide i.e.
equal 2 double door way ,facilitates easy passage both
directions. Side aisles or side roads ,branch outs r usually 3-
4’wide.In supermarkets aisles r 3’ wide and form a denser grid
around the fixtures.
• Aisles form a circulation pattern which differs depending on
store layout configuration .About 12-15% of the store carpet
area is occupied by the aisles. Some of the layout circulation
types r-
• Free flow circulation- merchandise and fixtures r grouped in
clusters as in boutiques

2. • Grid circulation- used typically in supermarkets where aisles
and fixtures r at right angles to each other.
• Race track circulation is used in larger and wider stores where
the customer is made to circle around the floor and get back to
the beginning, i.e. usually the lift or the staircase lobby to move
to the next level of store.
• Herringbone circulation is used fir a narrow store of max 40’
width where the highway is single two way one, bisecting the
store along the length with side roads leading to walls from it.
• Spine form is herringbone layout without the side roads. e.g.
crossword
Floor Space management –
• Space performance can b judged by parameters -1 sales
output-(Top-line) sales /sq ft, volumes and value achieved/sq ft,
/day.2-Margins-(botom line) gross margin returns on footage
(GMROF), Space productivity is determined by gross margins
eared /sq ft/ day.3-Stock holding per sq ft, i.e. average
inventory holding/sq ft/day measured against ideal level
planned for store, stock turns in designated space plays a vital
role in earning good revenue returns on the space when space
occupied by r optimized at SKU, category, sub-category levels.

3. • Space audit-
• 1-Non traded space and Black holes. Time to time
comparison of performance of each function/activity with
others in relation to space occupied.
• 2-Hot spot analysis- where off- take of merchandise is max.,
warm spots and cold spots. Periodic analysis to convert cold
spots 2 warm 2 hot. It reveals non traded space where there
is no C traffic.bottelnecks and hurdles r removed to ensure
no non-traded or black holes in store.
• 3-Efficiency of selling space to non-selling space-back areas,
facilities area etc r periodically monitored for efficiency in
deliveries
• Ground rules for successful space and layout
management- 1-convinience of customer,2-turning browsers
in to buyers,3-making buyers in to large basket size.4-
optimise trading space to achieve max sales without
neglecting role of non-trading areas and ensure C spends
longer time in store for higher revenue.5-necessary
corrective actions thru space audits.6-cling the mind space
of C to bring him back.