Restoration of endodontically treated teethSanket Pandey
Seminar on restoration of endodontically treated tooth.
Credits to Cohen, Ingle, Respected researchers for their research in this field.
and everyone who previously tried to make a good presentation using the research work.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth 1 /certified fixed orthodontic c...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Restoration of endodontically treated teethSanket Pandey
Seminar on restoration of endodontically treated tooth.
Credits to Cohen, Ingle, Respected researchers for their research in this field.
and everyone who previously tried to make a good presentation using the research work.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth 1 /certified fixed orthodontic c...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Retainers in FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES(FPDS) AND RESIN BONDED FPDNAMITHA ANAND
DIFFERENT RETAINERS IN FPD ARE DISCUSSED WITH PICTURES AND REFERENCES AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATION FOR RESIN BONDED FPDS PARTIAL COVERAGE RESTORATIONS AND INTRACORONAL RESTORATIONS
Precision attachments play an important role in the field of prosthodontics. They help to improve the aesthetics while at the same time protecting the abutment teeth from debilitating stress.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Retainers in FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES(FPDS) AND RESIN BONDED FPDNAMITHA ANAND
DIFFERENT RETAINERS IN FPD ARE DISCUSSED WITH PICTURES AND REFERENCES AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATION FOR RESIN BONDED FPDS PARTIAL COVERAGE RESTORATIONS AND INTRACORONAL RESTORATIONS
Precision attachments play an important role in the field of prosthodontics. They help to improve the aesthetics while at the same time protecting the abutment teeth from debilitating stress.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Restoration of endodontically treated tooth /certified fixed orthodontic cour...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth / dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth 1 /certified fixed orthodontic c...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Post & core /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
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Metal ceramic and partial veneer crown/certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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explained with Limited matter moreover I have included all the images. if you go through a standard textbook and referred to this PPT it will help you so much I hope It helps you. ask me for the books details.
Posterior tooth preparations/dental crown &bridge course by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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Hemodialysis: Chapter 3, Dialysis Water Unit - Dr.Gawad
Restoration of enododontically treated teeth
1. 1
Restoration of
Endodontically
Treated Teeth
Selecting the Best Option
Restorative Treatment
Planning – First ensure:
Successful obturation of canal(s)
No symptoms (sens. to biting pressure)
No clinical signs (sens. to percussion)
No sens. to palpation
No sinus tract
No perio. probing deeper than 3mm
No radiographic evidence of
inflammatory disease
Restorative Treatment Goals
Maintain coronal and apical seal
Protect/preserve remaining
tooth
Provide supportive/retentive
foundation for definitive
restoration
Restore function and aesthetics
How does endo. weaken
remaining tooth structure?
1
Fracture
In Endo
Treated
Teeth
Iatrogenic
Causes
Non-
Iatrogenic
Causes
Tooth
Structure
Loss
Intra-
canal
Medicaments
Restorative
Procedures
Primary
Causes
Secondary
Causes
History of
Recurrent
Pathology
Anatomical
Position of
tooth
Ageing of
Dental
Tissues
3
2. 2
Inorganic Fraction
Carbonated Apatite
•Stiffness
•Ultimate Compressive strength
Water (free & bound)
Viscoelasticity
Stress absorbtion
Plasticizing & toughening
Distribution of stress/strain
Organic Fraction
(Type 1 collagen)
Resistance to crack propagation
Toughness
Ultimate tensile strength
Dentine
The role of different constituents on the mechanical integrity of dentine
3
Please see reference 3.
For a thorough discussion of
factors in play in the
predisposition of endo. treated
teeth to fracture
Endodontic Factors
Tooth stiffness
Access cavity preparation
Removal of roof of pulp chamber
Canal preparation
Medicaments
Heavy obturation forces?
(Lateral condensation)
5% reduction in tooth stiffness3
How does previous
restorative ₮ weaken teeth?
Isolates cusps
Undermines cusps
Broken cusps –
too weak to
withstand occlusal
forces
Sub-gingival
margins2
Restorative Factors
Tooth Stiffness
Occlusal cavity prep. – 20%
reduction
Loss of marginal ridge
integrity
MOD cavity prep. – 63%
reduction
3
Planning Treatment
3. 3
Consider
1. Amount of remaining tooth
structure
2. Anatomic position
3. Occlusal/Para-function forces
4. Restorative purpose/
requirements
5. Aesthetic requirements
1. Remaining Tooth Structure
More tooth structure – better
prognosis
E.g Crown prep. with even 1 mm
dentine above gingival margin
Double the fracture resistance of
preps finishing flat & level with
gingival margin
Ideally a ferrule effect2
Assessment of Remaining
Tooth Structure
1
2. Anatomic Position
Canines – Canine Guidance – Sufficient
natural dentine to resist lateral forces
Group function –
Canine/Pre-molar
guidance
1
3. Occlusal / Para-functional
Forces
Evidence of heavy
bruxism
Thin weak mesio- &
disto-buccal cusps
Early silver-
reinforced GIC base
Cut back and tooth
prepared for full
gold inlay/onlay
(partial crown)
1
4. Restorative purpose?
Single stand alone
restoration?
Bridge abutment?
RPD
Overdenture abutment?
4. 4
Stand-alone
1
Bridge abutment
1
Crown lengthening to
obtain sufficient tooth
structure for ferrule
Crown/root ratio?
Over-denture Root Filled
Anterior teeth
Assessment of
Remaining Structure
De-vitalized
by Trauma
Otherwise
intact
Restore the
access
cavity only
Aesthetics?
Minimally restored-
The other proximal surface is intact
Restore with composite
Small proximal rest. Small proximal-incisal rest.
5. 5
Large mesial
and distal
cavities plus
access cavity
Restore with
post-core and
full coverage
crown
Heavily
restored
Structurally
compromised
tooth
Long crown –
insufficient
remaining stucture
Reduce tooth and
Crown lengthening
procedure for the
distal & facial –
ferrule
Post?
Root Filled
Posterior Teeth
Assessment of
Remaining Structure Marginal
ridges
intact
1.
1
Restore access
cavity only
1
Moderately sized
cavity
Remove all
restoration – any
cracks?????? 1
Marginal ridge
undermined?
6. 6
Restoration
only
Marginal
ridge intact
1
Thin, weak or
undermined
cusps
Restore with
overlay
restoration
Cusp
reduction
External bevel
Cast metal overlay
Ceramic and pre-processed resin also possible
1
Core Build-ups
Avoid posts wherever
possible
Preps. for
partial crowns
Grooves for added resistance and
retention
Core
paste
Core paste
Using the pulp chamber
to retain the core
•Shoulder for ceramic or pre-processed resin
•chamfer for cast metal
1
7. 7
Margins to finish on sound
tooth
Partial crown
preparation to finish
on sound tooth
1
Nayyar
core-
for full
crown
2mm
2mm
Undercut
Weak sections
trimmed down
Ferrule
Crown restoration
Core paste
4
Undercuts in
the pulp
chamber
provide
retention and
resistance for
the core
Use the pulp
chamber Core paste
1
Posts?
Insufficient tooth
to retain the core
Insufficient core length
to retain crown
Post
Core paste2
2
Varying
amounts of
loss of tooth
structure
***** ***
?
Prognosis
8. 8
2 mm of remaining
coronal tooth allows for
preparation creating
ferrule effect4
Types of Posts
Pre-fabricated and
Cast
Prefabricated(*)
and Cast/Custom Posts(#)
Uniformly distributed
through cement layer
Little or noneSimilar to parallel,
serrated
#Cast post – parallel,
serrated
Wedging effectLittle or noneLow#Cast post – smooth
tapered
Wedging effect at the
tapered end
Little or noneSimilar to parallel
serrated
*Parallel, serrated -
tapered end
Relatively low –
distributed by
individual threads
Low after counter
rotation
Highest*Parallel threaded
High stresses -
accentuating
installation stress
Very high – wedging
stress
Intermediate*Tapered self-tapping
Uniformly distributed
through cement layer
Little or noneHigher
*Parallel serrated
(cemented vented)
Wedging effectLittle or noneLow*Tapered smooth
Functional StressInstallation stressRetentionType
5
Post Materials
Pre-fabricated
Stainless steel *
Titanium *
Glass-fibre reinforced
resin (bondable) #
Carbon-fibre
reinforced resin
(bondable) #
Cast/custom
Metallic
Gold *
Semi/Non-precious
C+B alloys *
Zirconia *
Rigid * Non-rigid #
Stress of Self Threading Posts
1. Threaded post
after placement1.
2. Increased stress
after tightening by ¼
turn
2.
1
Cemented Posts
Stress
upon
cementation
Stress in
function
+-
- +
1
9. 9
Cast Posts
1
Post length
Post should be at least as long
as the desired clinical crown
Mitigating factors
Curved canals
Taper of the root
Maintaining apical seal (4-5mm of GP)
Post diameter
Choice of post diameter is
based on canal/root size
Avoid unnecessary removal of
internal dentine (weakens root)
Post should fit canal dentine
walls snugly
Other Features
Positive stop of the core on coronal
tooth structure to prevent the post/
core unit from being forced apically
1.5 – 2.0mm of tooth structure for 360°
to receive the crown ferrule
Maintain no less than 1mm wall
thickness of radicular dentine
(preferably 2-3mm)
Risk of root fracture
Core
•Material
Crown
•Loading angle
•Ferrule
Remaining
Structure
•Dentine
•Water content
Post
•Length
•Shape
•Adhesion
•Diameter
•Elastic modulus
3
Fracture predisposing factors in post-core restorations
10. 10
3
Post
length
What type of post is
best?
Studies have shown
Bonded posts, parallel-sided posts - less
dentine stress
Non-bonded and tapered posts – more
dentine stress
Increase mod. of elasticity (stiffer) and
increased diameter of bonded post – less
dentine stress
Decreased post length – more dentine
stress3
Anterior tooth with little
coronal structure
Cast post/core
Serrated,
parallel-
sided post
with tapered
or rounded
tip
Posterior tooth with some
coronal structure
One or two
pre-fabricated
posts and
core paste
build-up
Posterior tooth with little
coronal structure
Cast post/core
unit with
secondary
insertion of a
wrought
post/s
through the
core
The final crown restoration
The reinforcement effect of
cementation of a full crown
with ferrule effect will make
the difference between stiff
and elastic posts less
obvious
3
11. 11
Tooth anatomy
Considerations for post
placement
Maxillary first molars
Deep concavities on furcal
surfaces
94% mesio-buccal roots
31% disto-buccal roots
17% palatal roots
Mandibular first molars
Concavities on furcal
surfaces of
All mesial roots
99% of distal roots
Maxillary first premolars
Deep mesial concavities
Slender roots with thin dentine
Maxillary first premolar
In this situation
the palatal root
would be the
ideal candidate
for the post
The buccal root is
highly irregular in
form
Buccal
Palatal
CEJ 2mm
4mm 6mm
2
How to tell from x-ray?
Root form
Curvature and
post
placement
2
12. 12
Post Cementation
Zinc Phosphate
Mechanical retention
No chemical
adhesion
Resin-modified GIC
(auto- or dual cure)
Adhesion to dentine
Resin Cement
(dual cure)
Adhesion to dentine
In-soluble when set
Moisture sensitive
prior to set
Difficult to place the
bond apically
References
1: Endodontics – 3rd Ed. Stock, Walker, Gulabivala
2:Pathways of the Pulp 9th Ed. Cohen & Hargreaves
3. “Mechanisms an Risk Factors for Fracture Predilection in Endodontically Treated
Teeth” Anil Kishen Endodontic Topics 2006, 13, 57-83
4. Colour Atlas of Endodontics William T Johnson
5. Problem Solving in Endodontics 4th Ed. Gutman, Dumsha, Lovdahl
6. “Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth” Morgano, Rodrigues, Sabrosa
Dental Clinics of North America 48 (2004) 397-416