This document provides information on tooth preparation for full veneer crowns. It begins with an introduction stating that tooth preparation is an important phase that everything following, like vitality, health, esthetics, and longevity depend on. It then discusses the history of crowns dating back to 300-400 BC and developments over time. Principles of tooth preparation according to Rosenstiel and Shillingburg are outlined focusing on biologic factors, mechanical retention and resistance form, esthetics, and the periodontium. Terminologies are defined. The different crowns types - complete cast metal, anterior/posterior metal-ceramic, porcelain jacket, and all-ceramic crowns are described along with their indications, advantages, disadvantages
Posterior tooth preparations/dental crown &bridge course by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Stainless steel crowns are semi-permanent restorations used for primary and young permanent teeth. They provide superior longevity compared to other restorative materials. Stainless steel crowns require minimal tooth preparation and can be placed in a single appointment, making them efficient. They are indicated for restoring teeth with extensive decay, following pulpotomies, in patients with poor oral hygiene, and as a space maintainer. Proper tooth preparation, crown adaptation, cementation, and follow up are important for success.
Stainless steel crowns are indicated for restoring primary teeth with extensive decay, fractures, or other defects. They provide a durable and cost-effective restoration. Contraindications include situations where esthetics is a primary concern. Crowns can be modified as needed for individual clinical situations, such as space loss, deep lesions, or bruxism. Proper tooth preparation and crown adaptation are essential for optimal fit and function.
Posterior tooth preparationscertified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Metal ceramic and partial veneer crown/certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Presentation 10.pptx the metal ceramic crown preparationMuhammadArif275963
The metal ceramic crown combines the strength of metal with the aesthetics of porcelain. It involves preparing the tooth for a metal substructure that is then veneered with porcelain. It is indicated for restoring teeth requiring full coverage, especially posterior teeth due to its strength. Contraindications include metal allergies and high risk of pulp exposure in young patients. Advantages are good strength and retention, while disadvantages include more tooth reduction required and slightly inferior esthetics compared to all-ceramic crowns. Preparation involves placing guiding grooves, reducing the incisal/occlusal, labial/buccal, and axial surfaces, and finishing all surfaces with rounded line angles and a continuous shoulder margin.
The document discusses the progression of early childhood caries (ECC) leading to poor quality of life. It then summarizes the use of stainless steel crowns in pediatric dentistry, including their introduction, classification based on morphology and composition, indications, advantages, disadvantages, modifications, and complications. Prefabricated stainless steel crowns provide a superior restoration to multi-surface fillings and can help prevent further dental problems if used for extensive decay, following pulp therapy, or as a preventive restoration in primary teeth.
Posterior tooth preparations/dental crown &bridge course by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Stainless steel crowns are semi-permanent restorations used for primary and young permanent teeth. They provide superior longevity compared to other restorative materials. Stainless steel crowns require minimal tooth preparation and can be placed in a single appointment, making them efficient. They are indicated for restoring teeth with extensive decay, following pulpotomies, in patients with poor oral hygiene, and as a space maintainer. Proper tooth preparation, crown adaptation, cementation, and follow up are important for success.
Stainless steel crowns are indicated for restoring primary teeth with extensive decay, fractures, or other defects. They provide a durable and cost-effective restoration. Contraindications include situations where esthetics is a primary concern. Crowns can be modified as needed for individual clinical situations, such as space loss, deep lesions, or bruxism. Proper tooth preparation and crown adaptation are essential for optimal fit and function.
Posterior tooth preparationscertified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Metal ceramic and partial veneer crown/certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Presentation 10.pptx the metal ceramic crown preparationMuhammadArif275963
The metal ceramic crown combines the strength of metal with the aesthetics of porcelain. It involves preparing the tooth for a metal substructure that is then veneered with porcelain. It is indicated for restoring teeth requiring full coverage, especially posterior teeth due to its strength. Contraindications include metal allergies and high risk of pulp exposure in young patients. Advantages are good strength and retention, while disadvantages include more tooth reduction required and slightly inferior esthetics compared to all-ceramic crowns. Preparation involves placing guiding grooves, reducing the incisal/occlusal, labial/buccal, and axial surfaces, and finishing all surfaces with rounded line angles and a continuous shoulder margin.
The document discusses the progression of early childhood caries (ECC) leading to poor quality of life. It then summarizes the use of stainless steel crowns in pediatric dentistry, including their introduction, classification based on morphology and composition, indications, advantages, disadvantages, modifications, and complications. Prefabricated stainless steel crowns provide a superior restoration to multi-surface fillings and can help prevent further dental problems if used for extensive decay, following pulp therapy, or as a preventive restoration in primary teeth.
This document discusses different types of crown preparations including full metal crowns, metal-ceramic crowns, and all-ceramic crowns. For full metal crowns, extensive tooth reduction is required due to their high retentiveness. Metal-ceramic crowns provide better aesthetics than full metal crowns but still require significant tooth reduction. All-ceramic crowns are the most conservative preparation and provide excellent aesthetics but have less strength than other options. Proper preparation is critical for all-ceramic crowns to withstand occlusal forces. The document outlines the armamentarium, steps, and criteria for preparing teeth for each of these crown types.
This document provides information about stainless steel crowns (SSCs), including their history, objectives, indications, contraindications, types, composition, clinical procedure, and references. Some key points:
- SSCs were first described in the 1950s and became commonly used in the 1960s to restore primary and permanent teeth.
- Objectives are to achieve a biologically compatible restoration that maintains tooth form and function.
- Indications include restoring teeth after pulpotomy/pulpectomy, with large/deep caries, or when 3+ surfaces need restoration.
- Clinical procedure involves evaluating occlusion, selecting correct crown size, tooth preparation to provide space and remove caries, and cementing the crown
The document discusses complete metal cast crowns. It defines them as artificial restorations that restore the coronal portion of a tooth. It lists advantages like great retention and resistance, and disadvantages like less conservative than partial coverage and inability to test pulp vitality. Indications include use as a bridge retainer or single crown for teeth excessively destroyed. Contraindications include use in anterior teeth if buccal/lingual walls are intact or if less than maximum retention is needed.
The document discusses artificial and temporary crowns. It defines an artificial crown as a fixed prosthesis that restores the anatomical shape, size, and function of a damaged tooth. Temporary crowns are made directly by the dentist or indirectly by a dental technician from an impression. They serve to protect the prepared tooth, maintain esthetics and function during treatment, and ensure proper fit of the eventual permanent crown. The document outlines methods of tooth preparation, materials used for temporary and permanent crowns, and the functions of temporary crowns.
This document discusses stainless steel crowns, which are semi-permanent restorations used in primary and young permanent teeth. It describes the history, types, indications, advantages, disadvantages, composition, placement procedure, modifications, and complications of stainless steel crowns. Stainless steel crowns provide full tooth coverage and are effective for restoring extensively decayed or malformed primary teeth. They are durable, economical restorations that can improve function and aesthetics for young patients.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for restorations. It covers preserving tooth structure, providing retention and resistance form, maintaining structural durability of the restoration, achieving integrity at the margins, and preserving the surrounding periodontium. Specific techniques are described such as beveling functional cusps to allow for adequate bulk of restorative material and withstanding forces of occlusion. Margin types like chamfer, shoulder, and knife edge finishes are also outlined.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for fixed partial dentures. It covers objectives like reducing tooth structure for retention while preserving healthy tooth structure. Principles include conservative preparation with minimal taper and preservation of tooth structure. Margin placement should be supragingival when possible. Margin designs like chamfer and shoulder are described. Tooth preparation creates retention and resistance for fixed restorations.
This document discusses different types of retainers used for fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It describes various retainer options including full coverage crowns, partial coverage crowns, and conservative retainers. Full coverage crowns provide maximum retention but require extensive tooth preparation. Partial coverage crowns are more conservative but less retentive. Conservative retainers like resin-bonded FPDs require minimal preparation but do not accept heavy loads. The document outlines the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and indications for different retainer options.
This document discusses the prosthodontic management of endodontically treated teeth through post and core restoration. It provides background on the historical development of post and core systems. It describes the characteristics of endodontically treated teeth and outlines the principles and methodology for post and core treatment, including post selection, preparation, and fabrication. Key factors that influence post and core treatment like remaining tooth structure, ferrule effect, stresses, and materials are discussed. The document serves as a guide for proper prosthodontic management of teeth requiring post and core restoration.
Esthetic crowns in pediatric dentistry.pptxgahanamuthamma
Esthetic crowns are used in pediatric dentistry to restore teeth damaged by decay in a way that preserves function and improves appearance. There are various types of crowns including strip crowns made of composite, pre-veneered stainless steel crowns, polycarbonate crowns, and ceramic crowns. Indications include extensive decay, fractures, discoloration or pulp therapy. Contraindications include non-restorable teeth. Placement involves tooth preparation and selection of an appropriately sized crown, which is then bonded or cemented onto the prepared tooth.
The document discusses various types of complex dental restorations including cast metal restorations, tooth-colored restorations, and CAD-CAM based restorations. It provides details on materials, indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages, and fabrication procedures for cast metal inlays, onlays, partial veneer crowns, full veneer crowns, indirect composite inlays/onlays, ceramic inlays/onlays, and CAD-CAM based restorations. It also covers pin-retained restorations and inlay-retained bridges.
Endodontically treated teeth ppt - a detailnitinsippy
This document discusses post and core procedures for endodontically treated teeth. It covers objectives, historical background, diagnosis and treatment planning considerations, indications for post and cores, methodology including post length, diameter and design. Factors like ferrule effect and different types of posts like custom cast, prefabricated metal, carbon fiber, glass fiber, and ceramic posts are described. Complications with post and core failures are also mentioned.
Advanced treatment of post & core - A presentationnitinsippy
The document discusses post and core procedures for endodontically treated teeth. It covers objectives, historical background, diagnosis and treatment planning considerations, indications for posts, post length, diameter and design factors. Types of posts discussed include custom cast posts, prefabricated metal posts, carbon fiber posts, glass fiber reinforced posts, and ceramic posts. Key factors in determining the need for and type of post include remaining tooth structure, root length and morphology. Ferrule effect and its role in improving restoration prognosis is also summarized.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth.Anish Amin
provides an overview of restoring endodontically treated teeth using posts and cores. It discusses the historical background of posts and describes characteristics of teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment. Key points include that these teeth often have reduced strength and require special considerations for retention and resistance. The document outlines indications for posts and cores, principles of preservation of tooth structure and providing retention and resistance. It also describes methodologies for various steps of the post and core procedure.
Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown in prosthodontics.pptxHazimrizk1
It is a full metal crown having a facial surface (or all surfaces) covered by ceramic
material.
It consists of a ceramic layer bonded to a thin cast metal coping.
With the metal understructure, metal-ceramic restorations have greater strength than restorations made of ceramic alone.
Adequate reduction is essential for achieving a good esthetic result
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Restoration of endodontically treated teethAnish Amin
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth often requires posts and cores to provide adequate retention and resistance for weakened teeth. Key principles for posts and cores include preserving tooth structure, maximizing retention through post length and design, and providing resistance through features like ferrules. Posts and cores are indicated when there is significant loss of coronal tooth structure and the risk of fracture is high. The amount of remaining tooth structure, presence of a ferrule, and post length and design all influence the success of a post and core restoration.
Stainless steel crowns in pediatric dentistry pptdrvinodini
This document provides an overview of stainless steel crowns (SSCs), including their history, composition, indications, contraindications, placement procedure, and modifications. SSCs were first described in 1950 as a semi-permanent restoration option for primary and young permanent teeth. They are made of stainless steel or nickel-chromium alloys. SSCs are indicated for restoring teeth with extensive decay, fractures, pulpotomies, or as a space maintainer. Placement involves tooth preparation, selection and fitting of the crown, contouring, crimping, cementation, and finishing. Modifications include altering crown size or adding material to accommodate deep caries or spacing issues. Studies have found SSCs to have low microleakage and
The structure and composition of teeth is perfectly adapted to the functional demands of the mouth and are superior in comparison to any artificial material…So first of all, DO NO HARM.
POST AND CORE RESTORATIONS
CONTENTS
History
Alterations in endodontically treated teeth
Pre Treatment assessment
Definitions and Classifications
Materials Aspects
Biomechanical principles
Historical Update
20th century: the modern face
1960:Core concept
1961: Ferrule concept
1967: Peter Kurer:Kurer post
1970: Baraban: Parapost
1980: Aesthetic Posts
1990: Duret: Composipost
1994: Sandhaus Pasche: zirconia post
2000 : All Ceramic posts
How are endodontically treated teeth different?
Loss of tooth structure results in loss of stiffness
5% in ideal access cavity
40%- for class II
60%- for MOD
Coronal dentin
Stress bearing areas
Radicular dentin removed
Caries, destruction
How are endodontically treated teeth different?
Altered physical characteristics:
Moisture : 9% less (Helfer et al)
Collagen: Decreased (Rivera et al)
14% reduction in strength
Altered esthetic characteristics
Altered light refraction
Degradation of pulp tissue
Medicaments, fillings
Loss of proprioception
Indications: why do we need posts?
Resistance
Retention
PRE TREATMENT ASSESSMENT
Endodontic evaluation
Periodontal evaluation
Restorative evaluation
Esthetic evaluation
Prosthetic evaluation
Endodontic evaluation
Dense uniform three dimensional obturation of the root canal system.
Fluid impervious apical seal.
Periodontal evaluation
Periodontal disease should be treated prior to placement of definitive restorations.
If there is substantial loss of tooth structure, crown lengthening procedures should be considered to maintain the BIOLOGIC WIDTH.
Any destruction in this width leads to resorption of the alveolar crest, which is not desirable.
Biologic width relates to the amount of tooth structure coronal to the osseous crest upto the gingival attachment apparatus. It is about 2.04mm.
Restorative evaluation
Amount of remaining tooth structure
Anatomical position of the tooth
Functional load on tooth
Esthetic evaluation
Must be done before initiation of post endodontic therapy.
Discoloration from gutta percha can be visible in the coronal aspects of root filled teeth.
Tooth coloured posts should be used in anterior regions.
Prosthetic Evaluation
Extent of tooth destruction.
Method and material used in core build up.
Anterior teeth
Minimal damage: no complete coverage
Composite resin, GIC
Moderate to severe damage:
Post n core, full coverage crown
(Smith and Schuman)
Esthetic considerations
Type of canal
Posterior teeth
Require occlusal coverage
Minimal damage
Moderate damage:
Cuspal coverage
Full coverage
Pin retained amalgam
Severe damage
BASIC COMPONENTS OF A POST AND CORE SYSTEM
DEFINITIONS (GPT)
POST/ DOWEL is a relatively rigid, restorative material placed in the root of the non vital teeth. The foremost purpose
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
This document discusses different types of crown preparations including full metal crowns, metal-ceramic crowns, and all-ceramic crowns. For full metal crowns, extensive tooth reduction is required due to their high retentiveness. Metal-ceramic crowns provide better aesthetics than full metal crowns but still require significant tooth reduction. All-ceramic crowns are the most conservative preparation and provide excellent aesthetics but have less strength than other options. Proper preparation is critical for all-ceramic crowns to withstand occlusal forces. The document outlines the armamentarium, steps, and criteria for preparing teeth for each of these crown types.
This document provides information about stainless steel crowns (SSCs), including their history, objectives, indications, contraindications, types, composition, clinical procedure, and references. Some key points:
- SSCs were first described in the 1950s and became commonly used in the 1960s to restore primary and permanent teeth.
- Objectives are to achieve a biologically compatible restoration that maintains tooth form and function.
- Indications include restoring teeth after pulpotomy/pulpectomy, with large/deep caries, or when 3+ surfaces need restoration.
- Clinical procedure involves evaluating occlusion, selecting correct crown size, tooth preparation to provide space and remove caries, and cementing the crown
The document discusses complete metal cast crowns. It defines them as artificial restorations that restore the coronal portion of a tooth. It lists advantages like great retention and resistance, and disadvantages like less conservative than partial coverage and inability to test pulp vitality. Indications include use as a bridge retainer or single crown for teeth excessively destroyed. Contraindications include use in anterior teeth if buccal/lingual walls are intact or if less than maximum retention is needed.
The document discusses artificial and temporary crowns. It defines an artificial crown as a fixed prosthesis that restores the anatomical shape, size, and function of a damaged tooth. Temporary crowns are made directly by the dentist or indirectly by a dental technician from an impression. They serve to protect the prepared tooth, maintain esthetics and function during treatment, and ensure proper fit of the eventual permanent crown. The document outlines methods of tooth preparation, materials used for temporary and permanent crowns, and the functions of temporary crowns.
This document discusses stainless steel crowns, which are semi-permanent restorations used in primary and young permanent teeth. It describes the history, types, indications, advantages, disadvantages, composition, placement procedure, modifications, and complications of stainless steel crowns. Stainless steel crowns provide full tooth coverage and are effective for restoring extensively decayed or malformed primary teeth. They are durable, economical restorations that can improve function and aesthetics for young patients.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for restorations. It covers preserving tooth structure, providing retention and resistance form, maintaining structural durability of the restoration, achieving integrity at the margins, and preserving the surrounding periodontium. Specific techniques are described such as beveling functional cusps to allow for adequate bulk of restorative material and withstanding forces of occlusion. Margin types like chamfer, shoulder, and knife edge finishes are also outlined.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for fixed partial dentures. It covers objectives like reducing tooth structure for retention while preserving healthy tooth structure. Principles include conservative preparation with minimal taper and preservation of tooth structure. Margin placement should be supragingival when possible. Margin designs like chamfer and shoulder are described. Tooth preparation creates retention and resistance for fixed restorations.
This document discusses different types of retainers used for fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It describes various retainer options including full coverage crowns, partial coverage crowns, and conservative retainers. Full coverage crowns provide maximum retention but require extensive tooth preparation. Partial coverage crowns are more conservative but less retentive. Conservative retainers like resin-bonded FPDs require minimal preparation but do not accept heavy loads. The document outlines the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and indications for different retainer options.
This document discusses the prosthodontic management of endodontically treated teeth through post and core restoration. It provides background on the historical development of post and core systems. It describes the characteristics of endodontically treated teeth and outlines the principles and methodology for post and core treatment, including post selection, preparation, and fabrication. Key factors that influence post and core treatment like remaining tooth structure, ferrule effect, stresses, and materials are discussed. The document serves as a guide for proper prosthodontic management of teeth requiring post and core restoration.
Esthetic crowns in pediatric dentistry.pptxgahanamuthamma
Esthetic crowns are used in pediatric dentistry to restore teeth damaged by decay in a way that preserves function and improves appearance. There are various types of crowns including strip crowns made of composite, pre-veneered stainless steel crowns, polycarbonate crowns, and ceramic crowns. Indications include extensive decay, fractures, discoloration or pulp therapy. Contraindications include non-restorable teeth. Placement involves tooth preparation and selection of an appropriately sized crown, which is then bonded or cemented onto the prepared tooth.
The document discusses various types of complex dental restorations including cast metal restorations, tooth-colored restorations, and CAD-CAM based restorations. It provides details on materials, indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages, and fabrication procedures for cast metal inlays, onlays, partial veneer crowns, full veneer crowns, indirect composite inlays/onlays, ceramic inlays/onlays, and CAD-CAM based restorations. It also covers pin-retained restorations and inlay-retained bridges.
Endodontically treated teeth ppt - a detailnitinsippy
This document discusses post and core procedures for endodontically treated teeth. It covers objectives, historical background, diagnosis and treatment planning considerations, indications for post and cores, methodology including post length, diameter and design. Factors like ferrule effect and different types of posts like custom cast, prefabricated metal, carbon fiber, glass fiber, and ceramic posts are described. Complications with post and core failures are also mentioned.
Advanced treatment of post & core - A presentationnitinsippy
The document discusses post and core procedures for endodontically treated teeth. It covers objectives, historical background, diagnosis and treatment planning considerations, indications for posts, post length, diameter and design factors. Types of posts discussed include custom cast posts, prefabricated metal posts, carbon fiber posts, glass fiber reinforced posts, and ceramic posts. Key factors in determining the need for and type of post include remaining tooth structure, root length and morphology. Ferrule effect and its role in improving restoration prognosis is also summarized.
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth.Anish Amin
provides an overview of restoring endodontically treated teeth using posts and cores. It discusses the historical background of posts and describes characteristics of teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment. Key points include that these teeth often have reduced strength and require special considerations for retention and resistance. The document outlines indications for posts and cores, principles of preservation of tooth structure and providing retention and resistance. It also describes methodologies for various steps of the post and core procedure.
Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown in prosthodontics.pptxHazimrizk1
It is a full metal crown having a facial surface (or all surfaces) covered by ceramic
material.
It consists of a ceramic layer bonded to a thin cast metal coping.
With the metal understructure, metal-ceramic restorations have greater strength than restorations made of ceramic alone.
Adequate reduction is essential for achieving a good esthetic result
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Restoration of endodontically treated teethAnish Amin
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth often requires posts and cores to provide adequate retention and resistance for weakened teeth. Key principles for posts and cores include preserving tooth structure, maximizing retention through post length and design, and providing resistance through features like ferrules. Posts and cores are indicated when there is significant loss of coronal tooth structure and the risk of fracture is high. The amount of remaining tooth structure, presence of a ferrule, and post length and design all influence the success of a post and core restoration.
Stainless steel crowns in pediatric dentistry pptdrvinodini
This document provides an overview of stainless steel crowns (SSCs), including their history, composition, indications, contraindications, placement procedure, and modifications. SSCs were first described in 1950 as a semi-permanent restoration option for primary and young permanent teeth. They are made of stainless steel or nickel-chromium alloys. SSCs are indicated for restoring teeth with extensive decay, fractures, pulpotomies, or as a space maintainer. Placement involves tooth preparation, selection and fitting of the crown, contouring, crimping, cementation, and finishing. Modifications include altering crown size or adding material to accommodate deep caries or spacing issues. Studies have found SSCs to have low microleakage and
The structure and composition of teeth is perfectly adapted to the functional demands of the mouth and are superior in comparison to any artificial material…So first of all, DO NO HARM.
POST AND CORE RESTORATIONS
CONTENTS
History
Alterations in endodontically treated teeth
Pre Treatment assessment
Definitions and Classifications
Materials Aspects
Biomechanical principles
Historical Update
20th century: the modern face
1960:Core concept
1961: Ferrule concept
1967: Peter Kurer:Kurer post
1970: Baraban: Parapost
1980: Aesthetic Posts
1990: Duret: Composipost
1994: Sandhaus Pasche: zirconia post
2000 : All Ceramic posts
How are endodontically treated teeth different?
Loss of tooth structure results in loss of stiffness
5% in ideal access cavity
40%- for class II
60%- for MOD
Coronal dentin
Stress bearing areas
Radicular dentin removed
Caries, destruction
How are endodontically treated teeth different?
Altered physical characteristics:
Moisture : 9% less (Helfer et al)
Collagen: Decreased (Rivera et al)
14% reduction in strength
Altered esthetic characteristics
Altered light refraction
Degradation of pulp tissue
Medicaments, fillings
Loss of proprioception
Indications: why do we need posts?
Resistance
Retention
PRE TREATMENT ASSESSMENT
Endodontic evaluation
Periodontal evaluation
Restorative evaluation
Esthetic evaluation
Prosthetic evaluation
Endodontic evaluation
Dense uniform three dimensional obturation of the root canal system.
Fluid impervious apical seal.
Periodontal evaluation
Periodontal disease should be treated prior to placement of definitive restorations.
If there is substantial loss of tooth structure, crown lengthening procedures should be considered to maintain the BIOLOGIC WIDTH.
Any destruction in this width leads to resorption of the alveolar crest, which is not desirable.
Biologic width relates to the amount of tooth structure coronal to the osseous crest upto the gingival attachment apparatus. It is about 2.04mm.
Restorative evaluation
Amount of remaining tooth structure
Anatomical position of the tooth
Functional load on tooth
Esthetic evaluation
Must be done before initiation of post endodontic therapy.
Discoloration from gutta percha can be visible in the coronal aspects of root filled teeth.
Tooth coloured posts should be used in anterior regions.
Prosthetic Evaluation
Extent of tooth destruction.
Method and material used in core build up.
Anterior teeth
Minimal damage: no complete coverage
Composite resin, GIC
Moderate to severe damage:
Post n core, full coverage crown
(Smith and Schuman)
Esthetic considerations
Type of canal
Posterior teeth
Require occlusal coverage
Minimal damage
Moderate damage:
Cuspal coverage
Full coverage
Pin retained amalgam
Severe damage
BASIC COMPONENTS OF A POST AND CORE SYSTEM
DEFINITIONS (GPT)
POST/ DOWEL is a relatively rigid, restorative material placed in the root of the non vital teeth. The foremost purpose
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
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3. CONTENTS
Introduction and history of full veneer crowns
Terminologies
Rotary Instruments used for tooth preparation
Preparation for full veneer crowns
a. Complete cast metal crown
b. Anterior metal ceramic crown
c. Posterior metal ceramic crown
d. Porcelain jacket crown
e. Cast ceramic crown
Conclusion
4. Tooth preparation is a far more important phase of
fixed partial denture prosthesis treatment although
some practitioners never realize this.
It must be done with skill and meticulous attention to
detail, for everything that follows – pulpal vitality,
periodontal health, a good esthetic result, proper
occlusion, protection of remaining tooth structure, and
the longevity of the restoration itself – will depend on
it.
INTRODUCTION
5. Although fixed prosthodontic crown and bridge work
dates to as back as 300 to 400 BC where in one of the oldest
tombs of Sidon, a Phoenician specimen was found consisting
of gold wire fastened around six anterior teeth, two of them
being pontics.
But crown and bridge fixed partial prosthesis was
indeed in a crude state of development till as late as 1850.
The early crown were not fabricated by casting. It was
made by flowing solder over gold foil that had been adapted to
the tooth preparation, with wrought wire staples in the
preparation grooves.
Inlays were made in a similar fashion by flowing solder into a
foil matrix adapted to the cavity preparation.
HISTORY
6. A major step in this direction was the development of the
porcelain jacket crown by Land in 1886 when low-fusing
porcelain fused in a gold matrix made its appearance.
In 1907 William H. Taggart announced his method of
making gold castings, using a disappearing wax pattern.
Lost Wax technique
This application of an old method revolutionized the technical
aspect of restorative dentistry. It made possible exceptional
refinements in the construction of fixed partial prosthetic
appliances.
7. BIOLOGIC
Conservation of tooth
structure
Avoidance of over contouring
Supra gingival margins
Harmonious occlusion
Protection against tooth
fracture
MECHANICAL
Retention form
Resistance form
Deformation
ESTHETIC
Minimum display of metal
Maximum thickness of
porcelain
Porcelain occlusal
surfaces
Subgingival margins
PRINCIPLES OF TOOTH PREPARATION
(According to Rosenstiel)
Optimal restoration
8. PRINCIPLES OF TOOTH PREPARATION
According to Shillingburg, the design of a preparation for a cast
restorations and the execution of that design are governed by five
principles:
1. Preservation of tooth structure
2. Retention and resistance
3. Structural durability
4. Marginal integrity
5. Preservation of the periodontium.
9. TERMINOLOGIES
Tooth preparation: is defined as the mechanical treatment of dental
disease or injury to hard tissues that restores a tooth to original form.
(Tylman)
The process of of removal of diseased and / or healthy enamel and
dentin and cementum to shape a tooth to receive a restoration. GPT- 8
Crown / artificial crown: a metal, plastic, or ceramic restoration that
covers three or more axial surfaces and the occlusal surface or incisal edge
of a tooth (GPT)
Full veneer crown / Complete crown: A restoration that covers all the
coronal tooth surfaces ( mesial, distal, facial, lingual and occlusal )
Chamfer Finish line: A finish line design for tooth preparation in which the
gingival aspect meets the external axial surface at an obtuse angle
Shoulder finish line : A finish line design for tooth preparation in which the
gingival floor meets the external axial surfaces at approximately a right
angle(GPT)
10. Retention form : The feature of a tooth preparation that resists
dislodgement of crown in a vertical direction or along the path of
placement (GPT)
Resistance form : The features of a tooth preparation that enhance the
stability of a restoration and resist dislodgement along an axis other
than the path of placement
Bevel : The process of slanting the finish line and curve of a tooth
preparation (GPT)
11. ROTARY INSTRUMENTS USED FOR
FULL VENEER PREPARATIONS
Shape Use
Round end tapered
diamond
1.Depth orientation grooves
2.Occlusal reduction
3.Functional cusp
Torpedo diamond 1.Axial reduction
2.Chamfer finish line
Short needle 1.Initial interproximal axial
reduction in posterior teeth
Long needle 1.Initial proximal axial
reduction in anterior teeth
12. Small wheel diamond 1. Lingual reduction in anterior
teeth
Tapered fissure bur
(171L)
1.Seating groove
2.Proximal groove (posterior
teeth
3.Smoothing and finishing
4.Occlusal and incisal bevels
13. End cutting bur Conventional shoulder finishing
Torpedo bur 1.Axial wall finishing
2.Chamfer finishing
Flame bur 1. Flare and bevel finishing
Tapered fissure burs
(169L & 170L)
1.Initial groove alignment
2.Angles of proximal boxes
3.Smoothing and finishing
4.Occlusal and incisal bevels
15. COMPLETE CAST METAL CROWNS
Complete cast metal crowns can be used where the
break down of tooth structure is severe, to the extent that is
has been described in operative dentistry as “the final
attempt to preserve the tooth”.
The terms “full crown”, “full cast crown” and “complete
crown” can be used interchangeably with full veneer crown
to describe a restoration entirely made of cast metal.
16. Indications
Extensive destruction from caries or trauma.
Endodontically treated teeth.
Existing restoration that needs the use of a more conservative
restoration
Necessity for maximum retention and strength.
To provide contours to receive a removable appliance.
Other re-contouring of axial surfaces (minor corrections of
malinclinations).
Correction of occlusal plane.
Contraindications
Should not be used in mouths with uncontrolled caries
Less than maximum retention necessary.
Esthetics.
17. Advantages
Strong.
High retentive qualities.
Usually easy to obtain adequate resistance form.
Option to modify form and occlusion.
Contact areas can be conveniently developed.
Embrasure areas can be enhanced for periodontally
compromised dentition.
Disadvantages
Removal of large amount of tooth structure.
Adverse effects on tissue.
Vitality testing not readily feasible.
Display of metal.
18. Planar occlusal reduction is done
using round end tapered diamond and
no: 171 bur.
Depth orientation grooves are made on
the triangular ridges and primary
developmental grooves.
The depth orientation grooves should be
1.5mm deep on functional cusps and
1mm deep on non-functional cusps. The
tooth structures between the orientation
grooves are removed following cuspal
contours.
TOOTH PREPARATION FOR COMPLETE CAST CROWN
19. Functional cusp bevel is done using
round end tapered diamond and no:
171 bur.
Depth orientation grooves are placed
across the facial occlusal line angle
of the mandibular molar.
The bevel should parallel the inward
facing inclines of the cusps of the
opposing tooth, at a depth of 1.5 mm
usually forming a 45 angle with the
axial wall.
20. Facial and lingual axial
reduction is done with a torpedo
diamond producing a definite
chamfer finish line at the same
time.
The facial and lingual reduction
are carried as far as possible
into the interproximal
embrasures without nicking the
adjacent teeth.
21. Mesial and distal axial reduction.
A short thin tapered diamond is
placed against the facial surface of
the remaining interproximal tooth
structure.
It is held upright and moved up and
down, directing it lingually with light
pressure.
Once sufficient space has been
produced, sweep the short thin
diamond back and forth planning the
surface to smoothness.
23. Seating groove is made on the axial
surface using no: 171 bur. The groove
should be cut to the full diameter and it
should extend gingivally to a point 0.5
mm above the chamfer.
24. Features of full veneer crown preparation and
the function served by each
26. The use of porcelain fused to metal restorations has grown from the
development of the first commercially successful porcelain/ gold alloy
restoration by Weinstein et al in 1950’s.
While a porcelain-fused to metal crown can serve as a strong and
esthetic restorations, patients too often receive this type of restoration
for minor irregularities that could have been better handled by
conservative treatment or none at all.
27. Indications
• Esthetics
• Need to incorporate occlusal or cingulum rests
• If porcelain jacket crown is contraindicated.
Contraindications
• Large pulp chamber.
• Intact buccal wall.
• When more conservative retainer is technically feasible.
ANTERIOR METAL-CERAMIC CROWN
28. Advantages
• Superior esthetics as compared to cast gold restoration.
• Retentive qualities are excellent
Disadvantages
• Removal of substantial tooth structure.
• Subject to fracture because porcelain is brittle.
• Difficult to obtain accurate occlusion in glazed porcelain.
• Shade selection can be difficult
• Inferior esthetics compared to porcelain jacket crown.
• Expensive.
29. Depth orientation grooves: A flat end
tapered diamond is first aligned with the
incisal portion of the facial surface and
two vertical cuts are made to the full
diameter of the diamond fading out at
the “break” where the curvature of the
facial is the greatest.
Three similar grooves are made
maintaining the same instrument
parallel to the gingival segment of the
facial surface. Two incisal orientation
grooves 2.0 mm deep are made.
ANTERIOR PORCELAIN FUSED TO METAL CROWN
PREPARATION
30. Incisal reduction: A flat end tapered
diamond is used to reduce the
incisal edge by 2.0 mm keeping the
plane of the reduced surface parallel
to the former incisal edge. A round
wheel diamond may also be used
for incisal reduction.
31. Facial reduction, incisal half: A flat
end tapered diamond is used to
remove the tooth structure
remaining between the orientation
groove in the incisal portion of the
facial surface.
32. Facial reduction, gingival half: A flat
end tapered diamond is used to
reduce the gingival segment and
extend well into the proximal surface.
1.2 mm to 1.4 mm is the accepted
reduction for a porcelain fused to
metal restoration. If there is sound
tooth structure interproximaly a
vertical wall or “wing” of it, is left
standing in each interproximal area
lingual to the proximal contact.
33. Lingual reduction: A small
round diamond with a head 1.4
mm in diameter is used to
make four depth orientation
cuts. A small round wheel
diamond is used create a
concave surface over the
lingual surface of the tooth
incisal to the cingulum.
34. Lingual axial reduction
is done with a torpedo diamond
producing a definite chamfer finish
line at the same time.
If there is limited space between the
facio proximal angle of the wing and
the proximal surface of the adjacent
tooth, use a long needle diamond to
reduce the axial wall lingual to the
wing.
The lingual axial wall should be
parallel with the cervical one third of
the facial surface.
35. Facial axial finishing: No: 171 bur
is used to smooth the entire facial
surface and round over any sharp
angles on the incisal angle or
along the edges.
40. POSTERIOR PORCELAIN FUSED TO METAL
CROWN PREPARATION
Planar occlusal reduction is done
using round and tapered diamond
and no: 171 bur.
Depth orientation grooves are
made on the triangular ridges and
primary developmental grooves.
The depth orientation grooves
should be 1.5 to 2.0 mm in
occlusal areas where porcelain
coverage is required.
The tooth structures between the
orientation grooves are removed
following cuspal contours.
41. Functional cusp bevel is done
using round end tapered
diamond and no: 171 bur.
Depth orientation grooves are
placed across the lingual incline
of the maxillary lingual cusp.
The bevel should parallel the
inward facing inclines of the
cusps of the opposing tooth, at a
depth of 1.5 mm usually forming
a 45 angle with the axial wall.
42. Depth orientation grooves
A flat end tapered diamond is first aligned
with the occlusal portion of the facial
surface and three vertical cuts are made to
the full diameter of the diamond, fading out
at the “break” where the curvature of the
facial surface is the greatest.
Two similar grooves are made maintaining
the same instrument parallel to the
gingival segment of the facial surface. A
single depth orientation groove may also
be used.
43. Facial reduction, occlusal half: A flat end tapered diamond is used
to remove the tooth structure remaining between the orientation
groove in the occlusal portion of the facial surface.
44. Facial reduction, gingival half: A flat
end tapered diamond is used to
reduce the gingival segment and
extend well into the proximal surface.
1.2 mm to 1.4 mm is the accepted
reduction for a porcelain fused to
metal restoration.
45. Proximal axial reduction:
Short needle diamond facilities interproximal reduction with out nicking
the adjacent tooth. Once separation between the teeth is achieved the
needle diamond is used to plane the proximal axial wall.
46. Lingual axial reduction: A torpedo diamond is used for lingual
axial reduction and to round over the corner created at the line
angle with the proximal surfaces.
47. Axial finishing: All axial surfaces
to be veneered with metal are
finished using a torpedo finishing
bur producing the chamfer finish
line. The facial surface and those
areas of the proximal surfaces to be
veneered with porcelain are
smoothened with the no: 171 bur.
Lingual to the proximal contact, the
transition from the deeper facial
reduction to the relatively shallower
lingual axial reduction result in a
vertical wall or “wing” of tooth
structure.
48. Shoulder finishing: No: 957 bur is used to finish the shoulder
and is planed with a sharp 1.0 m wide chisel.
Gingival bevel: Flame diamond and finishing bur are used to
produce a narrow bevel, no wider than 0.3 mm.
49. The features of a posterior porcelain fused to metal
crown preparations for a porcelain fused to metal crown
on an posterior tooth and the function served by each.
51. The all ceramic crown differs from other ceramic veneer restorations
because it’s not cast in gold or some other metal
It is capable of producing the best cosmetic effect of all dental
restoration. However since it is entirely made of ceramic, a brittle
substance, it is more susceptible to fracture.
For many years the only type of all ceramic crown was the porcelain
jacket crown, which was built up in increments over a matrix or shell
formed by thin platinum foil adapted to a cast or die of the prepared
tooth. A lot of recent advances have improved the properties of
dental porcelain.
However more than any other restoration all ceramic crown depends
for its very survival on the tooth preparation beneath. Tooth support
is more critical for fracture resistance of the restoration than is the
bulk of porcelain.
52. Indications
• High esthetic requirement.
• Considerable proximal caries.
• Incisal edge reasonably intact.
• Endodontically treated teeth with post-and –cores.
• Favourable distribution of occlusal load.
Contraindications
• When superior strength is warranted and metal-ceramic crown is
more appropriate.
• Significant caries with insufficient coronal tooth structure for
support.
• Thin teeth faciolingually.
• Unfavourable distribution of occlusal load.
53. Advantages
• Excellent esthetics
• Good tissue response even for subgingival margins.
• Slightly more conservative of facial wall than metal ceramic
• Brittle nature of material.
• Can be used as single restoration only.
Disadvantages:
• Reduced strength compared to metal ceramic crown.
• Proper preparation extremely critical
• Among least conservative preparations
• Brittle nature of material
• Can be used as single restoration only
54. PORCELAIN JACKET CROWN PREPARATION
Depth orientation grooves:
A flat end tapered diamond is first aligned
with the incisal portion of the facial
surface and two vertical cuts are made to
the full diameter of the diamond, fading
out at the “break” where the curvature of
the facial surface is the greatest.
Three similar grooves are made maintaining
the same instrument parallel to the
gingival segment of the facial surface.
Two incisal orientation grooves 2.0 mm deep
are made.
55. Incisal reduction: A flat end
tapered diamond is used to
reduce the incisal edge by
2.0 mm keeping the plane of
the reduced surface parallel
to the former incisal edge. A
round wheel diamond may
also be used for incisal
reduction.
56. Facial reduction, incisal half: A flat
end tapered diamond is used to
remove the tooth structure remaining
between the orientation groove in the
incisal portion of the facial surface.
57. Facial reduction, gingival half:
A flat end tapered diamond is used to
reduce the gingival segment and
extend well into the proximal
surface.
Extend the facial reduction through the
proximal surfaces with the flat end
tapered diamond producing a
shoulder in the process.
58. Lingual reduction:
A small round diamond with a
head 1.4 mm in diameter is
used to make four depth
orientation cuts.
A small round wheel diamond is
used to create a concave
surface over the lingual
surface of the tooth incisal to
the cingulum.
59. Lingual axial reduction: A flat
end tapered diamond is
employed for axial reduction to
prepare the vertical lingual wall.
Blend the reduction of each axial
surface with that on the adjacent
axial surface.
60. Axial finishing: No: 171 bur is
used to smooth the axial surfaces
and to round all distinct positive
angles on the preparation.
61. Shoulder finishing: No: 957 bur is
used for preparing a smoothly cut
shoulder perpendicular to the line of
force or to the long axis of the tooth.
62. The features of all ceramic crowns preparation for a
porcelain jacket crown on an anterior tooth and the
function served by each.
63. POSTERIOR ALL CERAMIC CROWN PREPARATION
Occlusal reduction: A large round end
tapered diamond is used to place depth
orientation grooves on triangular ridges
and major grooves.
The final occlusal reduction should be 1.5
mm to 2.0 mm deep. Remove the tooth
structure remaining between the depth-
orientation grooves with the large round-
end tapered diamond.
64. Functional cusp bevel: The large
round end tapered diamond is used to
produce depth orientation grooves in
the facial incline of the facial cusp. A
minimum of 1.5 mm of clearance is
necessary.
65. Facial and lingual axial reduction:
The large round end tapered diamond is
used to obtain axial reduction ranging
from 1.0 to 1.5 mm by making depth
orientation grooves and removing the
tooth structure between them. The axial
reductions are carried out as far as
possible into the proximal embrasures.
66. Complete axial reduction: A short needle diamond is used to begin the
proximal axial reduction without touching the adjacent tooth. The axial
reduction interproximally is complete by running the round end tapered
diamond.
67. Preparation finishing: round end tapered carbide bur is used to
finish the axial surfaces and the functional cusp bevel.
68. The features of a cast ceramic crown preparation for an all
ceramic crown on a posterior tooth and the function
served by each.