Responsive web design (RWD) involves optimizing images and layouts for different screen sizes to provide an easy viewing experience across devices. As mobile devices are increasingly used to access the internet, responsive design ensures usability regardless of whether someone is on a phone, tablet, or desktop computer. Key techniques include using relative font sizes and fluid grids that flow and adapt to different screen widths, as well as media queries to load different CSS styles for specific screen sizes. Frameworks like Sencha.io and JavaScript libraries can also help serve responsive content to older browsers.

1. Understanding Responsive Web Design
Chiheb Chebbi
Chiheb-chebbi@tek-up.de

2. What is responsive design?
Responsive web design (RWD) is an approach to web design with a
strong emphasis on image viewing experience to make reading easier
and minimize:
Resizing , panning, and scrolling for “simpler” navigation.
This common set of best user experience practices can be
applied to a wide range of devices, including mobile phones
and desktop computers

3. Why responsive design?
Next Year Phones and Tablets will overtake Desktop Computer as the primary way people get Online

4. Fonts
Ems Percentages Rems
The best way to implement a responsive font size is to
use:
Is relative to parent's font
size, eg. 2em = 28px if
parent element's font-size
is 14px.
percentages are resizeable
units for font size, and their
CSS declarations can be
inherited
is relative to the html
element's font-size.
Typography is one of the most important aspects of
responsive web design

5. img { max-width: 100%;
height: auto; }
Fluid Images
One way around this is to size images in relative units, rather than absolute
pixel dimensions.
The most common relative solution is to set the max-width at the image at 100%
and the data-fullsrc attribute

6. Fluid Grids
“A fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows)
under an applied shear stress” – Wikipedia
Regardless of what the device or screen size is, components
in fluid designs are going to flow and adapt to the user
environment.

7. Media Queries
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and
(max-width: 640px)" href="smallscreen.css"
type="text/css" />
Target specific screen sizes with Different styles
You can change styles depending on :
Height and width of the browser
Screen resolution
Orientation of the device

8. In a fluid website layout,
also referred to as a liquid
layout, the majority of the
components inside have
percentage widths, and
thus adjust to the user’s
screen resolution
Fixed-width layouts Liquid layouts
A fixed website layout has
a wrapper that is a fixed
width, and the
components inside it have
either percentage widths
or fixed widths.

9. Elastic layouts Hybrid layouts
There are hybrid layouts,
which combine the
characteristics of two or
more of the layouts
discussed
It works by sizing all
elements with em‘s.

10. The advantages of grid layouts are numerous :
• Gives order, originality, and harmony to the presentation of content;
• Allows users to predict where to find the information they need
• Makes it easier to add new content without having it looking disjointed or marginalized.
Custom Grid Layouts

11. <div id="wrapper">
<div id="header">Header</div>
<div id="content">Content</div>
<div id="sidebar">Sidebar</div>
<div id="footer">Footer</div>
</div>
Code Example:

12. Sencha.io Src?
Sencha.io Src helps
you dynamically
resize images for the
ever increasing
number of mobile
screen sizes.

13. Here are three JavaScript solutions that can help us serve
responsive websites to older browsers lacking CSS3 support:
JavaScript Solutions
Respond.js Modernizr Adaptive.960.js

14. Thank you 