The human respiratory and circulatory systems work together to oxygenate the blood. The respiratory system brings air into the lungs through the nose, pharynx and trachea, where gas exchange occurs in the alveoli via diffusion. Oxygenated blood enters the pulmonary vein and is pumped by the heart through arteries to the body. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via veins and is pumped to the lungs to repeat the cycle. The circulatory system is a closed network of vessels that transports blood, nutrients and gases throughout the body using the heart as a pump.
The document describes the structure and function of the human heart. It states that the heart is a four-chambered organ divided into right and left sides by a septum. The right atrium receives blood from the venae cavae and pumps it to the lungs, while the left atrium receives blood from the lungs and pumps it into the systemic circulation. Electrical signals cause the heart muscle to contract in a regular rhythm. Valves ensure blood flows in only one direction with each heartbeat.
The human heart is a four-chambered organ that pumps blood through two circulatory loops. It has four chambers - two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the left side pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. Valves ensure blood flows in only one direction through each chamber. Electrical signals cause the heart muscle to contract in a rhythmic cycle to circulate blood.
Science (1. Respiratory System and Circulatory System Working With The Other ...Eemlliuq Agalalan
The respiratory system involves air entering the nose and traveling through the trachea, which divides into two branches called bronchi. The bronchi subdivide many times inside the lungs, forming hairlike tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are tiny bubble-like structures called alveoli. When breathing in, the diaphragm contracts, and when breathing out, it relaxes to help air in and out of the lungs. The circulatory system involves blood traveling from the heart through the bloodstream to cells, where oxygen is used and carbon dioxide is released as waste, before blood returns to the heart and lungs to release carbon dioxide. The heart is a hollow muscular organ divided into four chambers -
The document summarizes the structure and function of the circulatory and respiratory systems. It describes how the heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste, etc. It also outlines the key parts of the respiratory system like the nose, windpipe, bronchi, and lungs, and explains how breathing works through inspiration and expiration. It covers how smoking can damage the lungs and respiratory system over time.
The document summarizes the structure and function of the circulatory and respiratory systems. It describes how the heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste, and more throughout the body. It also outlines the key parts of the respiratory system like the nose, windpipe, bronchi, and lungs, and explains how breathing works through inspiration and expiration via the diaphragm and chest wall. It covers both normal functions and impacts of issues like asthma, smoking, and emphysema.
The respiratory system supplies oxygen to the body through the nose, windpipe, lungs and diaphragm. The circulatory system then transports this oxygen to cells through blood vessels and the heart. The heart has four chambers that collect and pump blood to the lungs and throughout the body in one direction via valves. It works with the respiratory system to oxygenate cells and remove carbon dioxide through repeated breathing and blood circulation.
Powerpoint presentation about nutrient support. This has the process on how nutrients were taken, absorbed, utilized and how waste materials were eliminated in the body.
The document describes the structure and function of the human heart. It states that the heart is a four-chambered organ divided into right and left sides by a septum. The right atrium receives blood from the venae cavae and pumps it to the lungs, while the left atrium receives blood from the lungs and pumps it into the systemic circulation. Electrical signals cause the heart muscle to contract in a regular rhythm. Valves ensure blood flows in only one direction with each heartbeat.
The human heart is a four-chambered organ that pumps blood through two circulatory loops. It has four chambers - two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the left side pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. Valves ensure blood flows in only one direction through each chamber. Electrical signals cause the heart muscle to contract in a rhythmic cycle to circulate blood.
Science (1. Respiratory System and Circulatory System Working With The Other ...Eemlliuq Agalalan
The respiratory system involves air entering the nose and traveling through the trachea, which divides into two branches called bronchi. The bronchi subdivide many times inside the lungs, forming hairlike tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are tiny bubble-like structures called alveoli. When breathing in, the diaphragm contracts, and when breathing out, it relaxes to help air in and out of the lungs. The circulatory system involves blood traveling from the heart through the bloodstream to cells, where oxygen is used and carbon dioxide is released as waste, before blood returns to the heart and lungs to release carbon dioxide. The heart is a hollow muscular organ divided into four chambers -
The document summarizes the structure and function of the circulatory and respiratory systems. It describes how the heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste, etc. It also outlines the key parts of the respiratory system like the nose, windpipe, bronchi, and lungs, and explains how breathing works through inspiration and expiration. It covers how smoking can damage the lungs and respiratory system over time.
The document summarizes the structure and function of the circulatory and respiratory systems. It describes how the heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste, and more throughout the body. It also outlines the key parts of the respiratory system like the nose, windpipe, bronchi, and lungs, and explains how breathing works through inspiration and expiration via the diaphragm and chest wall. It covers both normal functions and impacts of issues like asthma, smoking, and emphysema.
The respiratory system supplies oxygen to the body through the nose, windpipe, lungs and diaphragm. The circulatory system then transports this oxygen to cells through blood vessels and the heart. The heart has four chambers that collect and pump blood to the lungs and throughout the body in one direction via valves. It works with the respiratory system to oxygenate cells and remove carbon dioxide through repeated breathing and blood circulation.
Powerpoint presentation about nutrient support. This has the process on how nutrients were taken, absorbed, utilized and how waste materials were eliminated in the body.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other gases throughout the body via blood flowing through arteries and veins. The cardiovascular system, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, circulates blood which exchanges gases and nutrients with body tissues through capillaries. The respiratory system works with the circulatory system to oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide through breathing and gas exchange in the lungs.
Human cardiovascular system, organ system that conveys blood through vessels to and from all parts of the body, carrying nutrients and oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. It is a closed tubular system in which the blood is propelled by a muscular heart. Two circuits, the pulmonary and the systemic, consist of arterial, capillary, and venous components.
The primary function of the heart is to serve as a muscular pump propelling blood into and through vessels to and from all parts of the body. The arteries, which receive this blood at high pressure and velocity and conduct it throughout the body, have thick walls that are composed of elastic fibrous tissue and muscle cells. The arterial tree—the branching system of arteries—terminates in short, narrow, muscular vessels called arterioles, from which blood enters simple endothelial tubes (i.e., tubes formed of endothelial, or lining, cells) known as capillaries. These thin, microscopic capillaries are permeable to vital cellular nutrients and waste products that they receive and distribute. From the capillaries, the blood, now depleted of oxygen and burdened with waste products, moving more slowly and under low pressure, enters small vessels called venules that converge to form veins, ultimately guiding the blood on its way back to the heart.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body via arteries, capillaries and veins. The heart has four chambers - two atria and two ventricles - with the right side pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs and left side pumping oxygenated blood to the body. Blood circulates through a closed loop, completing its circuit approximately every 30 seconds as it delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste.
The Cardiovascular System Essay
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System Essay
Circulatory System Essay
The Circulatory System Essays
Circulatory System
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System
The Cardiovascular System Essay
The document provides an overview of several key human body systems. It discusses the brain and its control of bodily functions. It describes the heart as the principal organ that pumps blood through two circulatory systems. It also outlines the respiratory system including the lungs and gas exchange that occurs in alveoli. The digestive system is summarized as converting food into nutrients that the body can absorb through the mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels, and has three main functions:
1. Circulate oxygenated blood to tissues and organs via the circulatory system
2. Transport nutrients to and remove waste from all body cells
3. Maintain homeostasis in the body through regulated blood flow
The three main components are the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through a closed
system of arteries, veins, and capillaries to provide cells with oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon
dioxide and other wastes.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps oxygenated blood received from the lungs through arteries throughout the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right side of the heart through veins in a closed loop. Blood is transported through increasingly smaller blood vessels from arteries to arterioles to capillaries where gas and nutrient exchange occurs through diffusion across the capillary walls before returning to the heart.
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system is comprised of the heart, blood vessels, and lymph vessels. The heart pumps blood through two circuits - pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and systemic circulation distributes oxygenated blood to the entire body. Blood vessels include arteries, which carry blood away from the heart, capillaries, which enable exchange of nutrients and waste, and veins, which return blood to the heart. The lymphatic system drains excess fluid from tissues and produces immune cells.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs throughout the body while also transporting waste products for removal. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins and is pumped to the lungs to receive oxygen before repeating the cycle. The circulatory system works with other body systems to regulate temperature, transport hormones and nutrients, and fight disease and infection.
The respiratory system takes oxygen from the air into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide from the body. The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and removes carbon dioxide. When breathing in, the diaphragm contracts and lungs expand to take in air through the nose, mouth, throat and windpipe into small air sacs in the lungs called alveoli. When breathing out, the diaphragm and chest relax, pushing carbon dioxide out through the same pathways. The heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body and oxygen-poor blood to the lungs through networks of arteries, veins and capillaries to exchange gases and nutrients with tissues.
The lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the heart. Their main functions are to extract oxygen from the air and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream out of the body. The lungs are made up of epithelial cells that line the airways and produce mucus. They also contain other cell types. The left lung has two lobes while the right lung has three lobes to make room for the heart. Within the lungs are bronchioles and alveoli where gas exchange takes place through diffusion between the air and blood.
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through arteries and capillaries to tissues before returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium via the vena cavae.
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through the aorta and arteries to tissues throughout the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium through the vena cava
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through arteries and capillaries to tissues before returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium via the vena cavae.
circulatory system of human body is related to heart and blood vessels. heart is the main organ of our body which circulate the blood throughout the body. circulation take place in two way first is the pulmonary circulation and second one is the systemic circulation. pulmonary circulation is used for the blood purification and systemic circulation is for the blood transport to the various part of the body.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body via the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the rest of the body in separate circuits. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues while removing carbon dioxide and waste. Arteries, veins, and capillaries form a network to transport blood between the heart and body tissues.
The document summarizes the transportation system in human beings. It describes how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste and other materials throughout the body using a network of blood vessels and the heart as the pumping organ. Blood is circulated via double circulation, where it passes through the heart twice - first to pick up oxygen in the lungs and then distribute it to tissues before returning to be reoxygenated. The system is maintained by platelets that help form clots to plug leaks in blood vessels. Lymph and tissue fluid also transport nutrients and remove excess fluid from tissues before returning to blood circulation.
The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other gases throughout the body via blood flowing through arteries and veins. The cardiovascular system, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, circulates blood which exchanges gases and nutrients with body tissues through capillaries. The respiratory system works with the circulatory system to oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide through breathing and gas exchange in the lungs.
Human cardiovascular system, organ system that conveys blood through vessels to and from all parts of the body, carrying nutrients and oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. It is a closed tubular system in which the blood is propelled by a muscular heart. Two circuits, the pulmonary and the systemic, consist of arterial, capillary, and venous components.
The primary function of the heart is to serve as a muscular pump propelling blood into and through vessels to and from all parts of the body. The arteries, which receive this blood at high pressure and velocity and conduct it throughout the body, have thick walls that are composed of elastic fibrous tissue and muscle cells. The arterial tree—the branching system of arteries—terminates in short, narrow, muscular vessels called arterioles, from which blood enters simple endothelial tubes (i.e., tubes formed of endothelial, or lining, cells) known as capillaries. These thin, microscopic capillaries are permeable to vital cellular nutrients and waste products that they receive and distribute. From the capillaries, the blood, now depleted of oxygen and burdened with waste products, moving more slowly and under low pressure, enters small vessels called venules that converge to form veins, ultimately guiding the blood on its way back to the heart.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body via arteries, capillaries and veins. The heart has four chambers - two atria and two ventricles - with the right side pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs and left side pumping oxygenated blood to the body. Blood circulates through a closed loop, completing its circuit approximately every 30 seconds as it delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste.
The Cardiovascular System Essay
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System Essay
Circulatory System Essay
The Circulatory System Essays
Circulatory System
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System
The Cardiovascular System Essay
The document provides an overview of several key human body systems. It discusses the brain and its control of bodily functions. It describes the heart as the principal organ that pumps blood through two circulatory systems. It also outlines the respiratory system including the lungs and gas exchange that occurs in alveoli. The digestive system is summarized as converting food into nutrients that the body can absorb through the mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels, and has three main functions:
1. Circulate oxygenated blood to tissues and organs via the circulatory system
2. Transport nutrients to and remove waste from all body cells
3. Maintain homeostasis in the body through regulated blood flow
The three main components are the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through a closed
system of arteries, veins, and capillaries to provide cells with oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon
dioxide and other wastes.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps oxygenated blood received from the lungs through arteries throughout the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right side of the heart through veins in a closed loop. Blood is transported through increasingly smaller blood vessels from arteries to arterioles to capillaries where gas and nutrient exchange occurs through diffusion across the capillary walls before returning to the heart.
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
The circulatory system is comprised of the heart, blood vessels, and lymph vessels. The heart pumps blood through two circuits - pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and systemic circulation distributes oxygenated blood to the entire body. Blood vessels include arteries, which carry blood away from the heart, capillaries, which enable exchange of nutrients and waste, and veins, which return blood to the heart. The lymphatic system drains excess fluid from tissues and produces immune cells.
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries, veins, and capillaries to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs throughout the body while also transporting waste products for removal. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins and is pumped to the lungs to receive oxygen before repeating the cycle. The circulatory system works with other body systems to regulate temperature, transport hormones and nutrients, and fight disease and infection.
The respiratory system takes oxygen from the air into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide from the body. The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and removes carbon dioxide. When breathing in, the diaphragm contracts and lungs expand to take in air through the nose, mouth, throat and windpipe into small air sacs in the lungs called alveoli. When breathing out, the diaphragm and chest relax, pushing carbon dioxide out through the same pathways. The heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body and oxygen-poor blood to the lungs through networks of arteries, veins and capillaries to exchange gases and nutrients with tissues.
The lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the heart. Their main functions are to extract oxygen from the air and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream out of the body. The lungs are made up of epithelial cells that line the airways and produce mucus. They also contain other cell types. The left lung has two lobes while the right lung has three lobes to make room for the heart. Within the lungs are bronchioles and alveoli where gas exchange takes place through diffusion between the air and blood.
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through arteries and capillaries to tissues before returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium via the vena cavae.
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through the aorta and arteries to tissues throughout the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium through the vena cava
The document summarizes pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation in the human body. It explains that humans have a two-circuit circulatory system, with one circuit for pulmonary circulation transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and another for systemic circulation transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the vena cavae to the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the left side of the heart. Systemic circulation then carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through arteries and capillaries to tissues before returning deoxygenated blood to the right atrium via the vena cavae.
circulatory system of human body is related to heart and blood vessels. heart is the main organ of our body which circulate the blood throughout the body. circulation take place in two way first is the pulmonary circulation and second one is the systemic circulation. pulmonary circulation is used for the blood purification and systemic circulation is for the blood transport to the various part of the body.
The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body via the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the rest of the body in separate circuits. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues while removing carbon dioxide and waste. Arteries, veins, and capillaries form a network to transport blood between the heart and body tissues.
The document summarizes the transportation system in human beings. It describes how blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste and other materials throughout the body using a network of blood vessels and the heart as the pumping organ. Blood is circulated via double circulation, where it passes through the heart twice - first to pick up oxygen in the lungs and then distribute it to tissues before returning to be reoxygenated. The system is maintained by platelets that help form clots to plug leaks in blood vessels. Lymph and tissue fluid also transport nutrients and remove excess fluid from tissues before returning to blood circulation.
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2. The human body needs oxygen to
sustain itself. The human respiratory
system is a series of organs responsible
for taking in oxygen and expelling
carbon dioxide. The respiratory center in
the medulla oblongata and the pons of
the brainstem
3. Air passes through the
nostrils; organ of smell
and entrance to the
respiratory tract right to
the nasal cavity, the
pharynx, and the larynx
above the vocal cords.
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
4. Air passes the epiglottis, that is a cartilaginous
structure that closes the opening to the trachea
when swallowing, to prevents food and drink
from entering the larynx and trachea.
The trachea, also called the windpipe, filters the air that
is inhaled. The trachea has a membrane lining that
produces a layer of mucus that helps filter waste that an
organism breathes in through the air. There is also a
small lining of tiny hairs in our lungs called cilia. These
tiny hairs act as a filter in our lungs and control the
amount of mucus that enters our lungs.
The reason why we cough, sneeze, and spit is because
the cilia push up the mucus, so not too much enters our
lungs, for either expectoration or swallowing to the
stomach where the acidic pH helps to neutralize foreign
material and micro-organisms.
5. When air passes the trachea, gets to the bronchi
located inside the lungs. The bronchi form the
bronchial tree and at the end of the bronchial tree
lie the alveolar ducts, the alveolar sacs, and the
alveoli.
A typical pair of human lungs contain about
700 million alveoli The alveoli contain
some collagen and elastic fibres. The elastic
fibers allow the alveoli to stretch as they are
filled with air during inhalation. They then
spring back during exhalation in order to expel
the carbon dioxide-rich air.
Pulmonary gas exchange takes place by
passive diffusion. During this exchange of
oxygen, energy is not required to be burned by
the cells. Gases move due to a concentration
6. Molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide
are passively exchanged, by diffusion,
between the gaseous external
environment and the blood.
Blood passes through the capillaries. The
pulmonary artery carries blood containing
carbon dioxide to the air sacs, where the gas
moves from the blood to the air. Oxygenated
blood goes to the heart through the pulmonary
vein, and the heart pumps it throughout the body.
7. The diaphragm is a sheet of internal skeletal
muscle that extends across the bottom of
the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm separates
the thoracic cavity, containing
the heart and lungs, from the abdominal
cavity.
It performs an important function in respiration:
as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the
thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into
the lungs.
The diaphragm has openings through which
structures pass between the thorax and abdomen.
There are three large openings—the aortic hiatus,
the esophageal hiatus, and the caval opening—plus a
series of smaller ones.
8.
9. The circulatory system, also known as the
cardiovascular system is a vast network of
organs and vessels that is responsible for
the flow of blood (simply a highway for
blood) nutrients, hormones, oxygen and
other gases to and from cells.
10. It is made up of three independent systems
that work together: the heart
(cardiovascular); lungs (pulmonary); and
arteries, veins, coronary and portal vessels
11. As we breathe, oxygen enters the lungs and is absorbed
into the blood stream. The body's oxygen transport
system takes oxygen to the working muscles, through
the circulatory and respiratory systems working
together. The main workers are
the heart, blood and lungs. The whole oxygen transport
system works in a cycle.
12.
13. In the average
human, about 2,000
gallons (7,572 liters)
of blood travel daily
through about 60,000
miles (96,560
kilometers) of blood
vessels.
14. The essential components of
the human cardiovascular
system are the heart, blood and
blood vessels. The
cardiovascular systems of
humans are closed, meaning
that the blood never leaves the
network of blood vessels.
15. The blood moves at a speed of about 30cm / sec, where a
drop of blood takes about 20 seconds to travel the entire
human body and return to the point where it left (full
16. The heart pumps oxygenated blood
to the body and deoxygenated blood
to the lungs. In the human there are
four chambers in total: left
atrium, left ventricle, right
atrium and right ventricle. The right
atrium is the upper chamber, that
receives deoxygenated (poor in
oxygen) and passed into the right
ventricle to be pumped through the
pulmonary artery to the lungs for re-
oxygenation and removal of carbon
dioxide.
17. The left atrium receives newly
oxygenated blood from the lungs
which is passed into the strong left
ventricle to be pumped through the
aorta to the different organs of the
body.
The ventricles are separated from each other by
the interventricular septum. The heart has
four valves, the valves between the atria and
ventricles are called the atrioventricular
valves. Between the right atrium and the right
ventricle is the tricuspid valve. The mitral
valve lies between the left atrium and left
ventricle.
18. The heart wall is made up of three layers:
the inner endocardium,
middle myocardium and
outer epicardium. These are surrounded
by a double-membraned sac called the
pericardium.
Two additional semilunar valves sit at the
exit of each of the ventricles.
The pulmonary valve is located at the
base of the pulmonary artery. The
semilunar aortic valve is at the base of
the aorta.
19.
20. The blood from the heart is carried through the body by
a complex network of blood vessels . Arteries take blood
away from the heart. The main artery is the aorta that
branches into other major arteries, which take blood to
different limbs and organs.
These major arteries include the carotid artery, which
takes blood to the brain; the brachial arteries, which take
blood to the arms; and the thoracic artery, which takes
blood to the thorax and then into the hepatic, renal, and
gastric arteries for the liver, kidneys, and stomach,
respectively. The iliac artery takes blood to the lower
limbs. The major arteries diverge into minor arteries, and
then into smaller vessels called arterioles, to reach more
deeply into the muscles and organs of the body.
21. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. The
largest veins in the human body are the venae cavae. These are
two large veins which enter the right atrium of the heart from
above and below. The superior vena cava carries blood from the
arms and head , while the inferior vena cava carries blood from
the legs and abdomen to the heart. The major arteries diverge into
minor arteries, and then into smaller vessels called arterioles, to
reach more deeply into the muscles and organs of the body.
22. Capillaries are the smallest of a body's blood vessels (and lymph
vessels) that make up the microcirculation. These microvessels,
connect arterioles and venules, and they help to enable the exchange
of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and many other nutrients and
waste substances between the blood and the tissues surrounding
them. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to
drain lymph collected in the microcirculation. Blood flows from the
heart through arteries, which branch and narrow into arterioles, and
then branch further into capillaries. The capillaries then join and
widen to become venules, which in turn widen and converge to
become veins.
23. As mentioned earlier the
cardiovascular system is
closed, the other component
of the circulatory system,
the lymphatic system is open,
and is a vital part of
the immune system,
comprising a network
of lymphatic vessels that
carry a clear fluid
called lymph.
24. The lymphatic system works in
close cooperation with other
body systems to
destroy pathogens and filter
waste. Often called the body’s
two "circulatory systems”, but
the
lymph flows to the heart, and
thanks to a valve system that
prevents recoil moves.
25. Organs of the lymphatic system include the tonsils,
thymus gland and spleen. The thymus gland produces
T cells or T-lymphocytes and the spleen and tonsils help
in fighting infections. The spleen’s main function is to
filter the blood, removing unwanted red blood cells, also
detects viruses and bacteria and triggers the release of
pathogen fighting cells.