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Intro to 
UNIT 3 – Research Techniques 
Part 2
Why Research?
Why Research? 
• To find out more facts about a subject 
• To develop your understanding of a subject 
• To check your facts 
• To find out the thoughts of others
Types of Research 
There are different types of research conducted for different 
purposes in the media. 
• Audience research – the analysis of who consumes what 
media products and why 
• Market research – investigations into the way that 
products could produce income by looking at the demands 
of consumers 
• Production research – the research conducted to inform 
the production process of a media product eg. background 
information, locations, legal and ethical requirements etc.
Primary Research 
Some examples: 
• Observations made when viewing an 
exhibition, show, performance or on visiting a 
location 
• Interviews with people 
• Reports of meetings / discussions with people 
• The collection of information from 
questionnaires or surveys 
• Focus group activities
Secondary Research 
• Secondary research techniques would include: 
• Referring to books, journals, magazines and 
newspapers 
• Gathering information from the Internet 
• Making notes on information presented on audio 
visual formats like DVDs/documentaries etc
• Below are a list of the many different research 
techniques you may employ in your work. In 
pairs see if you can decide whether they are 
primary or secondary research techniques. 
• Reading a book 
• Interviewing a media professional 
• Talking to people at a film screening 
• Collecting articles from a newspaper 
• Taking photographs of a location for a recee 
• Collecting information from websites.
There are many different ways we can research information on a 
subject. Below are some of the most common methods used: 
Primary 
• Interviews 
• Reports from visits 
• Own photographs 
• Own thoughts/comments 
• Questionnaires/surveys 
Secondary 
• Books 
• Internet 
• Newspapers/magazines 
• TV Programmes/DVDs 
• Audio/Radio
Reliability and Validity 
• There are many techniques that can be employed when 
researching. However it is vital that you choose the right 
one to ensure that your information is reliable and valid 
• Reliability = whether this can be trusted as a source of 
information. Could it be biased by people’s opinions or 
effected by flaws in their research methods? If this activity 
was done again, would it get the same results? 
• Validity = the relevance of information to your 
investigation. Can you determine that it proves what you 
think it does (ie. If an interviewee reveals something can 
you give a direct quote that backs this up?)
Other Points to Remember . . . 
• You need to keep careful record of the research 
you conduct. 
• Once collected research material needs to be 
stored carefully. 
• Paper-based material should be kept in an 
organised way in your folders. 
• Electronic material should be either printed out 
and stored or kept on your hard-drive or 
student area. 
• You will ALWAYS need to keep a Research Log 
for media projects

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Research techniques part 2

  • 1. Intro to UNIT 3 – Research Techniques Part 2
  • 3. Why Research? • To find out more facts about a subject • To develop your understanding of a subject • To check your facts • To find out the thoughts of others
  • 4. Types of Research There are different types of research conducted for different purposes in the media. • Audience research – the analysis of who consumes what media products and why • Market research – investigations into the way that products could produce income by looking at the demands of consumers • Production research – the research conducted to inform the production process of a media product eg. background information, locations, legal and ethical requirements etc.
  • 5. Primary Research Some examples: • Observations made when viewing an exhibition, show, performance or on visiting a location • Interviews with people • Reports of meetings / discussions with people • The collection of information from questionnaires or surveys • Focus group activities
  • 6. Secondary Research • Secondary research techniques would include: • Referring to books, journals, magazines and newspapers • Gathering information from the Internet • Making notes on information presented on audio visual formats like DVDs/documentaries etc
  • 7. • Below are a list of the many different research techniques you may employ in your work. In pairs see if you can decide whether they are primary or secondary research techniques. • Reading a book • Interviewing a media professional • Talking to people at a film screening • Collecting articles from a newspaper • Taking photographs of a location for a recee • Collecting information from websites.
  • 8. There are many different ways we can research information on a subject. Below are some of the most common methods used: Primary • Interviews • Reports from visits • Own photographs • Own thoughts/comments • Questionnaires/surveys Secondary • Books • Internet • Newspapers/magazines • TV Programmes/DVDs • Audio/Radio
  • 9. Reliability and Validity • There are many techniques that can be employed when researching. However it is vital that you choose the right one to ensure that your information is reliable and valid • Reliability = whether this can be trusted as a source of information. Could it be biased by people’s opinions or effected by flaws in their research methods? If this activity was done again, would it get the same results? • Validity = the relevance of information to your investigation. Can you determine that it proves what you think it does (ie. If an interviewee reveals something can you give a direct quote that backs this up?)
  • 10. Other Points to Remember . . . • You need to keep careful record of the research you conduct. • Once collected research material needs to be stored carefully. • Paper-based material should be kept in an organised way in your folders. • Electronic material should be either printed out and stored or kept on your hard-drive or student area. • You will ALWAYS need to keep a Research Log for media projects