This document discusses assumptions in research. It defines assumptions as statements taken as true without proof, and distinguishes assumptions from hypotheses by stating that assumptions are beliefs without evidence while hypotheses can be tested. The document outlines different types of assumptions, including universal assumptions, assumptions based on theories, assumptions needed to conduct research, warranted assumptions with evidence, and unwarranted assumptions without evidence. It also notes that assumptions provide the foundation and basis for developing research theories, instruments, and studies.

1. RESEARCH
ASSUMPTION

2. INTRODUCTION
• An assumption is a realistic expectation which is
something that we believe to be true.
• However, no adequate evidence exists to support this
belief.
• In other words, an assumption is an act of faith which
does not have empirical evidenced to support.
• Assumption provide a basis to develop theories &
research instrument & therefore, influence the
development & implement of research process.

3. DEFINITION
• Assumptions are statements that are taken
for granted or are considered true, even
through they have not been scientifically
tested.
• Assumption are principles those are
accepted as being true based on logic or
reasons, but without proof or verification.

4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ASSUMPTION & HYPOTHESIS…
Assumptions Hypothesis
Assumption are basically beliefs &
ideas that we hold to be true
Hypothesis is a prediction
Often with little or no evidence & are
not statistically tested in research
Can be statistically tested & may be
accepted or rejected
Beliefs about the variables Predictions about the relationship of
two or more variables
Based on the beliefs, the researchers
attempt to discover the correlation
Predict a relation between variables &
statistically tested to conclude the
study

5. USES OF ASSUMPTION IN
RESEARCH
Research is built upon assumptions since a
foundation is needed to move forward. One
must assume something to discover something.
Assumptions listed in research paper may be
good sources of the research topics.
Assumption provide basis to conduct of the
research study.
Tested assumptions through research studies
expand the professionals body of knowledge.

6. TYPES OF ASSUMPTION
ASSUMPTION
Universal
assumptions

7. 1. Universalassumption:
• Universal assumptions are beliefs that are
assumed to be true by a large part of
society, but testing such assumptions is
not always possible.
• For example, ‘there is a supernatural
power which governs this universe’.

8. 2. Assumptions basedon
theories:
• Assumptions may also be drawn from
theories.
• If a research study is based on a theory, the
assumption of the particular theory may
become assumption of that particular
research study.
• For example, ‘a study on Roy’s Adaptation
Model will use assumption of this particular
theoretical model.’

9. 3. Assumptions needed to
conduct a research:
• Some of the common-sense assumptions
may be developed to conduct a particular
study.
• For example, ‘prevalence of coronary artery
disease is more common among urban
people as compared to rural people’.

10. 4. Warrantedassumption:
• These are stated along with evidence to
support.
• For example, ‘regular prayers bring
success because they boost morale’.

11. 5. Unwarrantedassumptions:
• These are stated without any supportive
evidence.
• For example, ‘Almighty God exists
everywhere in this universe’.