Methodology of Research - Assumptions and the Research Hypothesispolchan
Methodology of Research Topic IV: The Research Title and Statement of the Problem - Assumptions and the Research Hypothesis
-Assumption defined
-Assumption in Research
-Assumption
-Hypothesis defined
-Importance of Hypothesis in Research
-Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis
-Sources of Hypothesis
-Types of Hypothesis
Methodology of Research - Assumptions and the Research Hypothesispolchan
Methodology of Research Topic IV: The Research Title and Statement of the Problem - Assumptions and the Research Hypothesis
-Assumption defined
-Assumption in Research
-Assumption
-Hypothesis defined
-Importance of Hypothesis in Research
-Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis
-Sources of Hypothesis
-Types of Hypothesis
steps in nursing research include several points
1) terminologies related to nursing research
2) phases of nursing research
3) conceptual phase
4) planning phase
5) analytic phase
6) communication phase
Slides prepared for beginners of nursing research or novice researchers. it will enhance and clear there basic understanding about using research designs.
A pilot study as on experimental exploratory, test , preliminary , trial or try out investigation.
A trial study carried out before a research design is finalized to assist in defining the research questions or to test the feasibility, reliability and validity of proposed study design.
A small scale study conducted to test the plan and method of a research study.
Introduction-An assumption is a realistic expectation which is something that we believe to be true.
An assumption is an act of faith which does not have empirical evidence to support it.
Assumption provides a basis to develop theories and research instruments and therefore, influence the development and implementation of research process.
Definition-Assumptions are statement that is taken for granted or are considered true, even though they have not been scientifically tested.
Assumptions are principles those are accepted as being true based on logic or reason, but without proof or verification.
Types of assumptions- 1. Universal assumptions are beliefs that are assumed to be true by a large part of society, but testing such assumptions is not always possible.
Example: there is a supernatural power which governs this universe.
2. Based on theories-Assumptions may also be drawn from theories.
If a research study is based on a theory, the assumption of the particular theory may become assumption of that particular research study.
Example: a study based on Roy’s Adaptation Model will use assumption of this particular theoretical model.
3. Needed to conduct a research-Some of the common-sense assumption may be develop to conduct a particular study.
Example: prevalence of coronary artery disease is more common among urban people as compared to rural people.
4. Warranted-These are stated along with evidence to support.
Example: regular prayers bring success because they boost morale.
5. Unwarranted-These are stated without any supportive
Example: almighty God exist everywhere in this universe.
Uses of assumptions in research-Research is built upon assumptions since a foundation is needed to move forward. One must assume something to discover something.
Assumptions listed in research paper may be good sources of the research topics.
Assumptions provide basis to conduct of the research.
Tested assumptions through research studies expand the professional body of knowledge.
Examples of assumptions-People are aware of the experiences that most affect their life choices.
People want to assume control of their own health problems.
Stress should be avoided.
Health is the priority for most of the people.
Increased knowledge about an event lowers anxiety about the event.
Receiving health care at home is preferred to receiving health care in an institute.
Difference b/w hypothesis and Assumptions- Assumptions are basically beliefs & ideas that we hold to be true.
Often with little or no evidence & are not statistically tested in research.
Beliefs about the variables.
Based on the beliefs, the researchers attempt to discover the correlation.
Hypothesis-Hypothesis is a prediction.
Can be statistically tested & may be accepted or rejected.
Predictions about the relationship of two or more variables.
Predict a relation between variables & statistically tested to conclude the study.
steps in nursing research include several points
1) terminologies related to nursing research
2) phases of nursing research
3) conceptual phase
4) planning phase
5) analytic phase
6) communication phase
Slides prepared for beginners of nursing research or novice researchers. it will enhance and clear there basic understanding about using research designs.
A pilot study as on experimental exploratory, test , preliminary , trial or try out investigation.
A trial study carried out before a research design is finalized to assist in defining the research questions or to test the feasibility, reliability and validity of proposed study design.
A small scale study conducted to test the plan and method of a research study.
Introduction-An assumption is a realistic expectation which is something that we believe to be true.
An assumption is an act of faith which does not have empirical evidence to support it.
Assumption provides a basis to develop theories and research instruments and therefore, influence the development and implementation of research process.
Definition-Assumptions are statement that is taken for granted or are considered true, even though they have not been scientifically tested.
Assumptions are principles those are accepted as being true based on logic or reason, but without proof or verification.
Types of assumptions- 1. Universal assumptions are beliefs that are assumed to be true by a large part of society, but testing such assumptions is not always possible.
Example: there is a supernatural power which governs this universe.
2. Based on theories-Assumptions may also be drawn from theories.
If a research study is based on a theory, the assumption of the particular theory may become assumption of that particular research study.
Example: a study based on Roy’s Adaptation Model will use assumption of this particular theoretical model.
3. Needed to conduct a research-Some of the common-sense assumption may be develop to conduct a particular study.
Example: prevalence of coronary artery disease is more common among urban people as compared to rural people.
4. Warranted-These are stated along with evidence to support.
Example: regular prayers bring success because they boost morale.
5. Unwarranted-These are stated without any supportive
Example: almighty God exist everywhere in this universe.
Uses of assumptions in research-Research is built upon assumptions since a foundation is needed to move forward. One must assume something to discover something.
Assumptions listed in research paper may be good sources of the research topics.
Assumptions provide basis to conduct of the research.
Tested assumptions through research studies expand the professional body of knowledge.
Examples of assumptions-People are aware of the experiences that most affect their life choices.
People want to assume control of their own health problems.
Stress should be avoided.
Health is the priority for most of the people.
Increased knowledge about an event lowers anxiety about the event.
Receiving health care at home is preferred to receiving health care in an institute.
Difference b/w hypothesis and Assumptions- Assumptions are basically beliefs & ideas that we hold to be true.
Often with little or no evidence & are not statistically tested in research.
Beliefs about the variables.
Based on the beliefs, the researchers attempt to discover the correlation.
Hypothesis-Hypothesis is a prediction.
Can be statistically tested & may be accepted or rejected.
Predictions about the relationship of two or more variables.
Predict a relation between variables & statistically tested to conclude the study.
Introduction to Hypothesis
Definition of the hypothesis
Purpose of the hypothesis
Components of hypothesis
The functions of hypothesis
Characteristics of hypothesis
Types of hypothesis
A session about the scientific research, how to conduct a research, what are the standards of ethics conducted in research and so on, the session was a part of an event made in Alexandria Engineers syndicate for high school students by E-web team.
I was one of the instructors of Egypt Scholars AUSC team
This lecture talks about the importance of evidence in scientific, business, and innovation research. It lists down important examples to carry this process in perspective of the problem statement.
Research Methodology all about Hypothesis.pptxDrHafizKosar
A hypothesis is an assumption that is made based on some evidence. This is the initial point of any investigation that translates the research questions into predictions. It includes components like variables, population and the relation between the variables. A research hypothesis is a hypothesis that is used to test the relationship between two or more variables.
Characteristics of Hypothesis
Following are the characteristics of the hypothesis:
• The hypothesis should be clear and precise to consider it to be reliable.
• If the hypothesis is a relational hypothesis, then it should be stating the relationship between variables.
• The hypothesis must be specific and should have scope for conducting more tests.
• The way of explanation of the hypothesis must be very simple and it should also be understood that the simplicity of the hypothesis is not related to its significance.
Sources of Hypothesis
Following are the sources of hypothesis:
• The resemblance between the phenomenon.
• Observations from past studies, present-day experiences and from the competitors.
• Scientific theories.
• General patterns that influence the thinking process of people.
Types of Hypotheses
There are six forms of hypothesis and they are:
• Simple hypothesis
• Complex hypothesis
• Directional hypothesis
• Non-directional hypothesis
• Null hypothesis
• Associative and casual hypothesis
How will Hypothesis help in the Scientific Method?
Researchers use hypotheses to put down their thoughts directing how the experiment would take place. Following are the steps that are involved in the scientific method:
• Formation of question
• Doing background research
• Creation of hypothesis
• Designing an experiment
• CDIFFERENCE BETWEEN RESEARCH QUESTION AND HYPOTHESIS
1.A research question and a hypothesis are both key of the research process,
but they serve different, purposes and have, distinct characteristics.
2.A research question is, a broad inquiry that defines the main focus, of a research study. It is an interrogative statement, that identifies the specific, aspect or problem that the, researcher intends to investigate.
3. Research questions are usually open-ended, and seek to explore, describe, or understand a phenomenon. They are formulated to guide the research process, and provide a clear direction for inquiry.
6 On the other hand, a hypothesis is a testable statement or prediction, that proposes a relationship, or difference between variables. It is based on existing theories, prior research, or observations, and represents an educated guess about the outcome, of the study.
7.Hypotheses are typically, formulated in a specific, and often directional manner. They aim to provide a tentative explanation or answer to the research question
8 A research hypothesis is a, statement that proposes, a relationship or difference, between variables. It serves as the basis for designing and conducting research studies to test its validity.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2. INTRODUCTION
• An assumption is a realistic expectation which is
something that we believe to be true.
• However, no adequate evidence exists to support this
belief.
• In other words, an assumption is an act of faith which
does not have empirical evidenced to support.
• Assumption provide a basis to develop theories &
research instrument & therefore, influence the
development & implement of research process.
3. DEFINITION
• Assumptions are statements that are taken
for granted or are considered true, even
through they have not been scientifically
tested.
• Assumption are principles those are
accepted as being true based on logic or
reasons, but without proof or verification.
4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
ASSUMPTION & HYPOTHESIS…
Assumptions Hypothesis
Assumption are basically beliefs &
ideas that we hold to be true
Hypothesis is a prediction
Often with little or no evidence & are
not statistically tested in research
Can be statistically tested & may be
accepted or rejected
Beliefs about the variables Predictions about the relationship of
two or more variables
Based on the beliefs, the researchers
attempt to discover the correlation
Predict a relation between variables &
statistically tested to conclude the
study
5. USES OF ASSUMPTION IN
RESEARCH
Research is built upon assumptions since a
foundation is needed to move forward. One
must assume something to discover something.
Assumptions listed in research paper may be
good sources of the research topics.
Assumption provide basis to conduct of the
research study.
Tested assumptions through research studies
expand the professionals body of knowledge.
7. 1. Universalassumption:
• Universal assumptions are beliefs that are
assumed to be true by a large part of
society, but testing such assumptions is
not always possible.
• For example, ‘there is a supernatural
power which governs this universe’.
8. 2. Assumptions basedon
theories:
• Assumptions may also be drawn from
theories.
• If a research study is based on a theory, the
assumption of the particular theory may
become assumption of that particular
research study.
• For example, ‘a study on Roy’s Adaptation
Model will use assumption of this particular
theoretical model.’
9. 3. Assumptions needed to
conduct a research:
• Some of the common-sense assumptions
may be developed to conduct a particular
study.
• For example, ‘prevalence of coronary artery
disease is more common among urban
people as compared to rural people’.
10. 4. Warrantedassumption:
• These are stated along with evidence to
support.
• For example, ‘regular prayers bring
success because they boost morale’.
11. 5. Unwarrantedassumptions:
• These are stated without any supportive
evidence.
• For example, ‘Almighty God exists
everywhere in this universe’.
