The document provides guidance on conducting research and summarizing research papers. It discusses the common research process, including the formulation, design and execution, and analytical phases. It also provides tips for critically reviewing research papers, such as identifying the study's hypotheses, methodology, findings, and conclusions. Guidelines are given for critiquing different aspects of research studies, like the problem statement, literature review, data collection and analysis. Overall, the document offers advice to help readers understand research studies and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses.
This document provides an overview of research methodology and defining a research problem. It discusses problem identification and formulation, defining a research problem, selecting a research problem, evaluating a research problem, and techniques for defining a problem. Key points include outlining the components of a research problem, criteria for selecting problems, and steps for defining a problem such as understanding its nature, surveying literature, developing ideas through discussion, and rephrasing the problem. An example of refining a research problem statement is also provided.
MELJUN CORTES research seminar_1_selecting_a_problem_and_reviewing_the_researchMELJUN CORTES
The document discusses selecting a research problem and reviewing literature. It advises choosing a problem that interests you and is doable. Falling in love with your first idea can be risky, so consider alternatives. Review general sources to explore topics before examining secondary sources that summarize research and primary sources with specific studies. Carefully evaluate research by considering factors like the problem, hypotheses, methods, and results. Ethical research requires protecting participants and obtaining informed consent. The literature review should have a unified theme and be organized with an outline.
The document provides guidance on how to identify and define a research problem. It discusses the key elements of a research problem statement, including describing the ideal situation, current reality, and consequences of not addressing the problem. Some important sources of research problems are one's own experiences, deductions from theory, and gaps found in related literature. The problem statement should have a clear topic and be narrowed down through reviewing literature. Determining whether a problem is worth researching involves considering if it advances knowledge, contributes to practice, and fills gaps in existing research. The document outlines steps for writing a problem statement and differentiates a research problem from other aspects of a study like the topic, purpose, and research questions. It also compares quantitative and qualitative purpose statements
This document discusses selecting and formulating a research problem. It outlines criteria for selecting a problem such as the researcher's interest and competence, the problem's importance and feasibility. Sources of research problems are also discussed. The document provides guidance on grilling a potential problem by asking questions. Dos and don'ts of problem selection are presented. Steps in formulating the problem are outlined, including stating it generally, understanding its nature, surveying literature, and developing objectives. Main steps of conducting research are also summarized.
BAEB601 Subject Introduction: Introduction to Research MethodologyDr Nur Suhaili Ramli
This document provides an introduction and overview for a research methodology course. It outlines that the course will cover both quantitative and qualitative research methods, including surveys and SPSS analysis. It lists 5 learning outcomes related to distinguishing research problems, explaining research design, and conducting research. It provides contact information for the instructor and notes that students will be assessed through exams, assignments, a project, and quizzes.
This document provides an overview of research methodology in architecture. It defines research and discusses the meaning, objectives, characteristics, and significance of good research. The document outlines the types of research such as basic, applied, experimental and non-scientific research. It also describes the research cycle and some common problems faced by researchers, such as a lack of resources or self-clarity regarding the research topic. Theories in research are discussed, including the differences between deductive and inductive approaches.
The document provides an overview of research design and proposal writing. It discusses key components of research design including introduction, purpose statement, objectives, significance, methodology, research questions and hypotheses, limitations, and ethics. It explains what a research proposal is and why it is important. The proposal outline includes introduction, purpose, literature review, methodology, potential ethical issues, and references. The session aims to help participants understand research design, write a proposal, and develop a final research proposal assignment.
Research question, criteria, formulation, and relation to research designs.Tarek Tawfik Amin
Research question, research problems, sources of research questions, formulation, relation to the type of designs, criteria, testing novelty and originality
This document provides an overview of research methodology and defining a research problem. It discusses problem identification and formulation, defining a research problem, selecting a research problem, evaluating a research problem, and techniques for defining a problem. Key points include outlining the components of a research problem, criteria for selecting problems, and steps for defining a problem such as understanding its nature, surveying literature, developing ideas through discussion, and rephrasing the problem. An example of refining a research problem statement is also provided.
MELJUN CORTES research seminar_1_selecting_a_problem_and_reviewing_the_researchMELJUN CORTES
The document discusses selecting a research problem and reviewing literature. It advises choosing a problem that interests you and is doable. Falling in love with your first idea can be risky, so consider alternatives. Review general sources to explore topics before examining secondary sources that summarize research and primary sources with specific studies. Carefully evaluate research by considering factors like the problem, hypotheses, methods, and results. Ethical research requires protecting participants and obtaining informed consent. The literature review should have a unified theme and be organized with an outline.
The document provides guidance on how to identify and define a research problem. It discusses the key elements of a research problem statement, including describing the ideal situation, current reality, and consequences of not addressing the problem. Some important sources of research problems are one's own experiences, deductions from theory, and gaps found in related literature. The problem statement should have a clear topic and be narrowed down through reviewing literature. Determining whether a problem is worth researching involves considering if it advances knowledge, contributes to practice, and fills gaps in existing research. The document outlines steps for writing a problem statement and differentiates a research problem from other aspects of a study like the topic, purpose, and research questions. It also compares quantitative and qualitative purpose statements
This document discusses selecting and formulating a research problem. It outlines criteria for selecting a problem such as the researcher's interest and competence, the problem's importance and feasibility. Sources of research problems are also discussed. The document provides guidance on grilling a potential problem by asking questions. Dos and don'ts of problem selection are presented. Steps in formulating the problem are outlined, including stating it generally, understanding its nature, surveying literature, and developing objectives. Main steps of conducting research are also summarized.
BAEB601 Subject Introduction: Introduction to Research MethodologyDr Nur Suhaili Ramli
This document provides an introduction and overview for a research methodology course. It outlines that the course will cover both quantitative and qualitative research methods, including surveys and SPSS analysis. It lists 5 learning outcomes related to distinguishing research problems, explaining research design, and conducting research. It provides contact information for the instructor and notes that students will be assessed through exams, assignments, a project, and quizzes.
This document provides an overview of research methodology in architecture. It defines research and discusses the meaning, objectives, characteristics, and significance of good research. The document outlines the types of research such as basic, applied, experimental and non-scientific research. It also describes the research cycle and some common problems faced by researchers, such as a lack of resources or self-clarity regarding the research topic. Theories in research are discussed, including the differences between deductive and inductive approaches.
The document provides an overview of research design and proposal writing. It discusses key components of research design including introduction, purpose statement, objectives, significance, methodology, research questions and hypotheses, limitations, and ethics. It explains what a research proposal is and why it is important. The proposal outline includes introduction, purpose, literature review, methodology, potential ethical issues, and references. The session aims to help participants understand research design, write a proposal, and develop a final research proposal assignment.
Research question, criteria, formulation, and relation to research designs.Tarek Tawfik Amin
Research question, research problems, sources of research questions, formulation, relation to the type of designs, criteria, testing novelty and originality
Proposal writing fms research seminar seriesShameem Ali
This document provides guidance on developing a research proposal. It discusses what reviewers look for in a proposal and emphasizes the importance of clearly relating objectives, methodologies, and expected outcomes. It also addresses common questions students have about the need to prepare a detailed proposal before beginning their study. The document outlines what a research proposal should include, such as the introduction/background, literature review, methodology, and reference sections. It provides examples of proposal structures and tables of contents. Finally, it offers tips for identifying a legitimate research problem and gap in the literature to address.
This document discusses the process of selecting and formulating a research problem. It begins by defining a research problem as a question or issue that a researcher aims to solve. The selection of a research problem depends on factors like the researcher's knowledge and interests. It then outlines the steps in formulating a research problem, including reviewing literature, delimiting the topic, evaluating feasibility, and stating the problem clearly. The goal is to identify a problem that is significant, can be researched, and is feasible given constraints of time, resources and the researcher's abilities.
The document discusses the preliminary stages of research, including literature reviews, problem definition, theoretical frameworks, hypotheses formulation, and criteria for good hypotheses. It provides definitions and guidelines for each stage. A literature review identifies existing knowledge, questions unanswered, and justification for further study. It involves locating, obtaining, reading, and evaluating scholarly materials. The theoretical framework establishes the foundation of variables identified as relevant to the problem. Well-stated hypotheses should be testable, limited in scope, and reflect a proposed relationship between variables based on prior knowledge.
This document discusses defining and selecting a research problem. It provides several criteria for selecting a good problem, including novelty, importance, interest to the researcher, and feasibility. A research problem refers to a difficulty a researcher wants to solve in a theoretical or practical context. A problem statement should clearly outline the problem in 1-2 sentences using the 5Ws (who, what, when, where, why). It should also address how the problem will be studied and tested. Characteristics of a good problem include being empirically testable and examining relationships between variables. Defining the problem sets the direction and goals of the study.
Babitha's Note on Research Problem & ObjectivesBabitha Devu
A research problem statement is an enigmatic stage for an emerging scholar. This presentation will help to brush up your skills when you state a good research question.
This document discusses research problems and research design. It begins by defining a research problem as some difficulty a researcher wants to solve, either theoretically or practically. Key components of a research problem include the individuals involved, objectives, environment, and possible outcomes. Properly identifying and formulating a research problem is important. The document then discusses research design, defining it as the conceptual framework for a research study. Key parts of research design include sampling, observation, statistics, and operational aspects. A good research design provides structure and limits errors.
The document provides an overview of researching and defining a research problem. It discusses problem finding versus problem solving, formulating a research problem, sources of research problems, and conducting a literature survey. The key steps in finding a problem are to identify an area of interest, gather information to find gaps, and formulate a hypothesis. A prepared mind is needed to identify potential research problems from observations. The literature survey helps identify gaps and inconsistencies to define a research problem.
An Introduction to Deductive Qualitative AnalysisJane Gilgun
This slideshow defines deductive qualitative analysis and describes some of its procedures. Deductive qualitative analysis is a way of testing theory qualitatively. it is important for graduate students and researchers seeking funding because DQA starts with research and theory, a requirement for dissertation committees and funders. The product is a grounded theory and descriptions of human phenomena from informants' points of view. This method brings the experiences of informants into public dialogue.
1. 27 research scholars submitted definitions of scientific research methodology as part of an assignment.
2. The document analyzes the key parameters within the definitions through quantitative methods like word counts.
3. Parameters like being unbiased, systematic, using logic and evidence were most common, while parameters like rationality were least common.
4. Based on this analysis, the researcher enhanced their own definition of scientific research methodology to include all the most common parameters.
1. The document discusses various research methods and types including older techniques based on authority and experience versus the modern scientific method.
2. It explains key terms like theory, hypothesis, and variables and outlines the steps of the scientific method including identifying a problem, suggesting solutions, deductive reasoning, and testing hypotheses.
3. Several types of research are described such as experimental, descriptive, and historical research with experimental research involving controlling variables and testing hypotheses through experiments.
This document outlines the steps for formulating a research problem:
1. Select a broad research area from literature and personal experience.
2. Review literature and theories to understand what has been done and how the research could expand knowledge or test theories.
3. Delimit the topic to a more specific research problem.
4. Evaluate the problem for significance, researchability, and feasibility considering factors like time, cost, and ethics.
5. Formulate a final statement of the research problem that is clear, concise, and measurable.
This document discusses the differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It emphasizes that the most important factor is choosing a method that best fits the research question, rather than preferring one approach over the other. It provides short summaries of quantitative and qualitative characteristics and notes that a mixed methods approach can integrate both. The document encourages researchers to use the full range of conceptual and methodological tools available to attack problems. It includes example research topics that could be investigated with different methods.
This document discusses defining a research problem. It begins by stating that a research problem is an unanswered question a researcher encounters that they want to solve. It then lists the necessary components of a research problem including an individual or group with a difficulty, alternative means, and an objective. The document outlines techniques for defining a research problem, including generally stating the problem, understanding its nature through discussions, conducting a literature review, developing ideas through further discussions, and rephrasing the problem into a working proposition. Defining the problem clearly is said to solve it half way.
This chapter discusses exploratory research and qualitative analysis. It defines exploratory research as research that is used to gain insights, screen alternatives, and discover new ideas with little prior knowledge. Qualitative research methods that are commonly used in exploratory research include surveys of experts, analysis of secondary data, pilot studies, and depth interviews/focus groups. The key advantages of exploratory research are that it provides a rich understanding of problems and motivations, while the main disadvantage is that results cannot be generalized.
Coding in Deductive Qualitative AnalysisJane Gilgun
This article discusses how to use open, axial, and selective coding in the analysis of qualitative data when researchers conduct studies using deductive qualitative analysis (DQA). Unlike grounded theory, DQA begins with preliminary codes that both guide the research and that researchers expect to test and to change in the course of doing the research. This article reports on email exchanges with two students that Jane Gilgun had. Jane is a professor at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA. the students are Anke Reints, a PhD student at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, and Ben Duncan, a student at Tennessee State University, USA.
During this webinar, Dr. Lani will discuss qualitative analyses for dissertation Chapter 4. Special emphasis will be given to Phenomenological, Case study, and Grounded theory approaches.
This document discusses qualitative research methodology. It defines qualitative research as seeking to understand situations in their own context from the perspectives of individuals experiencing them. The researcher acts as the primary instrument of data collection and must develop skills in communication, questioning, listening and avoiding bias. Qualitative research criteria include understanding phenomena from respondents' perspectives through inductive research and flexible design. Grounded theory and case study approaches are described as are key aspects of conducting ethical, valid and reliable qualitative research.
What points must be kept in mind while defining aResearch problem? Briefy mensionthe advantages of considering this points while defining a research problem
Business research is a systematic process of gathering and analyzing information to answer business questions and make good decisions. It helps reduce uncertainty. Examples include determining the best marketing strategy for a product, reasons for employee turnover, and returns on investments. Research methods are important for managers to solve business problems scientifically. Understanding research allows managers to better identify issues, diagnose problems, select and evaluate solutions, and reduce uncertainty. It also helps students complete academic requirements like master's theses. Research skills are useful for reading and understanding new studies, brief descriptions of research, and making informed decisions in daily life. Different types of research include exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and mixed methods research. Theory is used to explain relationships between concepts and help predict and
The document provides an overview of key concepts in health research methodology. It discusses identifying research topics and prioritizing them based on relevance, feasibility, and other criteria. The document also covers analyzing problems, formulating clear problem statements, conducting literature reviews, and developing research objectives. The overall aim is to guide researchers in designing and planning rigorous, ethical health research studies.
Research method ch04 research topic and designnaranbatn
This document discusses research problem and design. It defines a research problem as the heart of a research project and must be researchable and lead to discovery. A research problem can be divided into sub-problems for clarity. Descriptive and experimental designs are described. Descriptive design involves observation and description while experimental design tests relationships through manipulation of variables. Both have advantages and disadvantages for research. The document also discusses topics like surveys, case studies, and qualitative vs. quantitative research.
Proposal writing fms research seminar seriesShameem Ali
This document provides guidance on developing a research proposal. It discusses what reviewers look for in a proposal and emphasizes the importance of clearly relating objectives, methodologies, and expected outcomes. It also addresses common questions students have about the need to prepare a detailed proposal before beginning their study. The document outlines what a research proposal should include, such as the introduction/background, literature review, methodology, and reference sections. It provides examples of proposal structures and tables of contents. Finally, it offers tips for identifying a legitimate research problem and gap in the literature to address.
This document discusses the process of selecting and formulating a research problem. It begins by defining a research problem as a question or issue that a researcher aims to solve. The selection of a research problem depends on factors like the researcher's knowledge and interests. It then outlines the steps in formulating a research problem, including reviewing literature, delimiting the topic, evaluating feasibility, and stating the problem clearly. The goal is to identify a problem that is significant, can be researched, and is feasible given constraints of time, resources and the researcher's abilities.
The document discusses the preliminary stages of research, including literature reviews, problem definition, theoretical frameworks, hypotheses formulation, and criteria for good hypotheses. It provides definitions and guidelines for each stage. A literature review identifies existing knowledge, questions unanswered, and justification for further study. It involves locating, obtaining, reading, and evaluating scholarly materials. The theoretical framework establishes the foundation of variables identified as relevant to the problem. Well-stated hypotheses should be testable, limited in scope, and reflect a proposed relationship between variables based on prior knowledge.
This document discusses defining and selecting a research problem. It provides several criteria for selecting a good problem, including novelty, importance, interest to the researcher, and feasibility. A research problem refers to a difficulty a researcher wants to solve in a theoretical or practical context. A problem statement should clearly outline the problem in 1-2 sentences using the 5Ws (who, what, when, where, why). It should also address how the problem will be studied and tested. Characteristics of a good problem include being empirically testable and examining relationships between variables. Defining the problem sets the direction and goals of the study.
Babitha's Note on Research Problem & ObjectivesBabitha Devu
A research problem statement is an enigmatic stage for an emerging scholar. This presentation will help to brush up your skills when you state a good research question.
This document discusses research problems and research design. It begins by defining a research problem as some difficulty a researcher wants to solve, either theoretically or practically. Key components of a research problem include the individuals involved, objectives, environment, and possible outcomes. Properly identifying and formulating a research problem is important. The document then discusses research design, defining it as the conceptual framework for a research study. Key parts of research design include sampling, observation, statistics, and operational aspects. A good research design provides structure and limits errors.
The document provides an overview of researching and defining a research problem. It discusses problem finding versus problem solving, formulating a research problem, sources of research problems, and conducting a literature survey. The key steps in finding a problem are to identify an area of interest, gather information to find gaps, and formulate a hypothesis. A prepared mind is needed to identify potential research problems from observations. The literature survey helps identify gaps and inconsistencies to define a research problem.
An Introduction to Deductive Qualitative AnalysisJane Gilgun
This slideshow defines deductive qualitative analysis and describes some of its procedures. Deductive qualitative analysis is a way of testing theory qualitatively. it is important for graduate students and researchers seeking funding because DQA starts with research and theory, a requirement for dissertation committees and funders. The product is a grounded theory and descriptions of human phenomena from informants' points of view. This method brings the experiences of informants into public dialogue.
1. 27 research scholars submitted definitions of scientific research methodology as part of an assignment.
2. The document analyzes the key parameters within the definitions through quantitative methods like word counts.
3. Parameters like being unbiased, systematic, using logic and evidence were most common, while parameters like rationality were least common.
4. Based on this analysis, the researcher enhanced their own definition of scientific research methodology to include all the most common parameters.
1. The document discusses various research methods and types including older techniques based on authority and experience versus the modern scientific method.
2. It explains key terms like theory, hypothesis, and variables and outlines the steps of the scientific method including identifying a problem, suggesting solutions, deductive reasoning, and testing hypotheses.
3. Several types of research are described such as experimental, descriptive, and historical research with experimental research involving controlling variables and testing hypotheses through experiments.
This document outlines the steps for formulating a research problem:
1. Select a broad research area from literature and personal experience.
2. Review literature and theories to understand what has been done and how the research could expand knowledge or test theories.
3. Delimit the topic to a more specific research problem.
4. Evaluate the problem for significance, researchability, and feasibility considering factors like time, cost, and ethics.
5. Formulate a final statement of the research problem that is clear, concise, and measurable.
This document discusses the differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods. It emphasizes that the most important factor is choosing a method that best fits the research question, rather than preferring one approach over the other. It provides short summaries of quantitative and qualitative characteristics and notes that a mixed methods approach can integrate both. The document encourages researchers to use the full range of conceptual and methodological tools available to attack problems. It includes example research topics that could be investigated with different methods.
This document discusses defining a research problem. It begins by stating that a research problem is an unanswered question a researcher encounters that they want to solve. It then lists the necessary components of a research problem including an individual or group with a difficulty, alternative means, and an objective. The document outlines techniques for defining a research problem, including generally stating the problem, understanding its nature through discussions, conducting a literature review, developing ideas through further discussions, and rephrasing the problem into a working proposition. Defining the problem clearly is said to solve it half way.
This chapter discusses exploratory research and qualitative analysis. It defines exploratory research as research that is used to gain insights, screen alternatives, and discover new ideas with little prior knowledge. Qualitative research methods that are commonly used in exploratory research include surveys of experts, analysis of secondary data, pilot studies, and depth interviews/focus groups. The key advantages of exploratory research are that it provides a rich understanding of problems and motivations, while the main disadvantage is that results cannot be generalized.
Coding in Deductive Qualitative AnalysisJane Gilgun
This article discusses how to use open, axial, and selective coding in the analysis of qualitative data when researchers conduct studies using deductive qualitative analysis (DQA). Unlike grounded theory, DQA begins with preliminary codes that both guide the research and that researchers expect to test and to change in the course of doing the research. This article reports on email exchanges with two students that Jane Gilgun had. Jane is a professor at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA. the students are Anke Reints, a PhD student at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, and Ben Duncan, a student at Tennessee State University, USA.
During this webinar, Dr. Lani will discuss qualitative analyses for dissertation Chapter 4. Special emphasis will be given to Phenomenological, Case study, and Grounded theory approaches.
This document discusses qualitative research methodology. It defines qualitative research as seeking to understand situations in their own context from the perspectives of individuals experiencing them. The researcher acts as the primary instrument of data collection and must develop skills in communication, questioning, listening and avoiding bias. Qualitative research criteria include understanding phenomena from respondents' perspectives through inductive research and flexible design. Grounded theory and case study approaches are described as are key aspects of conducting ethical, valid and reliable qualitative research.
What points must be kept in mind while defining aResearch problem? Briefy mensionthe advantages of considering this points while defining a research problem
Business research is a systematic process of gathering and analyzing information to answer business questions and make good decisions. It helps reduce uncertainty. Examples include determining the best marketing strategy for a product, reasons for employee turnover, and returns on investments. Research methods are important for managers to solve business problems scientifically. Understanding research allows managers to better identify issues, diagnose problems, select and evaluate solutions, and reduce uncertainty. It also helps students complete academic requirements like master's theses. Research skills are useful for reading and understanding new studies, brief descriptions of research, and making informed decisions in daily life. Different types of research include exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and mixed methods research. Theory is used to explain relationships between concepts and help predict and
The document provides an overview of key concepts in health research methodology. It discusses identifying research topics and prioritizing them based on relevance, feasibility, and other criteria. The document also covers analyzing problems, formulating clear problem statements, conducting literature reviews, and developing research objectives. The overall aim is to guide researchers in designing and planning rigorous, ethical health research studies.
Research method ch04 research topic and designnaranbatn
This document discusses research problem and design. It defines a research problem as the heart of a research project and must be researchable and lead to discovery. A research problem can be divided into sub-problems for clarity. Descriptive and experimental designs are described. Descriptive design involves observation and description while experimental design tests relationships through manipulation of variables. Both have advantages and disadvantages for research. The document also discusses topics like surveys, case studies, and qualitative vs. quantitative research.
This document provides guidance on critiquing research studies. It defines a research critique as an analysis that focuses on a study's strengths and limitations. The purpose is to determine a study's usefulness. Key aspects of a critique examine the study's purpose, methodology, outcomes, conclusions, and overall quality. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies are discussed. The document outlines essential questions to consider for critiquing different parts of a study, such as the literature review, methodology, results, and discussion. Critiquing helps evaluate the scientific soundness and validity of published research.
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research as a systematic process using scientific methods to gain new knowledge. The document discusses why research is important, noting it allows for progress through inquiry. It also outlines the typical steps in conducting research, including selecting a topic, reviewing literature, developing research questions and objectives, determining methodology, collecting and analyzing data, discussing results, and presenting conclusions. Finally, it provides guidance on writing research articles, such as how to structure the paper, format references, and address ethical considerations.
(1) Critique Template for a Qualitative StudyNURS 6052Week.docxkatherncarlyle
(1): Critique Template for a Qualitative Study
NURS 6052
Week 6 Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies (due by Day 7 of Week 7)
Date:
Your name:
Article reference (in APA style):
URL:
What is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study.
When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to questions such as these:
· Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and situation?
· What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?
· How might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice?
To help you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study of your choice.
If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your Instructor.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE
1. Research Issue and Purpose
What is the research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
2. Researcher Pre-understandings
Does the article include a discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem?
3. Literature Review
What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.)
4. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Is a theoretical or conceptual framework identified? If so, what is it? Is it a nursing framework or one drawn from another discipline? (Sometimes there is no explicitly identified theoretical or conceptual framework; in addition, many “nursing” research studies draw on a “borrowed” framework, e.g., stress, medical pathology, etc.)
5. Participants
Who were the participants? Is the setting or study group adequately described? Is the setting appropriate for the research question? What type of sampling strategy was used? Was it appropriate? Was the sample size adequate? Did t ...
This document provides an overview of how to conduct research. It defines research as systematically collecting and analyzing data to increase understanding. It explains that as students, future practitioners, and educated citizens, understanding research is important. The document outlines the basic steps of a research project including finding a topic, formulating questions, defining the population, selecting a design and measurements, gathering evidence, interpreting evidence, and reporting findings. It also discusses key research concepts like variables, hypotheses, sampling, and quantitative and qualitative methodologies.
The document provides guidance on how to critically appraise research studies and articles. It discusses evaluating key aspects of research such as the problem statement, objectives, hypotheses, conceptual framework, literature review, research design, sampling, data collection methods, and ethical considerations. Criteria are provided to assess each component, such as whether the problem is clearly defined, objectives are measurable, sampling and data collection methods are appropriate, and participant rights are protected. Recommended sources on nursing research and critiques are also listed.
This document outlines the criteria for critiquing a research study. It breaks the critique down into 12 sections: (1) problem statement and purpose, (2) literature review and theoretical framework, (3) hypotheses/research questions, (4) sample, (5) research design, (6) instruments, (7) data analysis, (8) conclusions/implications. Each section lists several questions to guide the evaluation of that aspect of the study, such as whether the problem statement specifies the variables and population, if the sample and design match the problem/purpose, and if the conclusions are supported by the results. The overall purpose is to provide a systematic way to assess the strengths and limitations of a research undertaking.
This document provides guidelines for critically appraising a quantitative or qualitative research study from a nursing journal. It outlines the key elements students should evaluate in their critique, including describing the research problem, literature review, theoretical framework, variables, sample, instruments, data collection and analysis, results, and conclusions. Students will use these elements to structure a written critique of an assigned research article and presentation discussing aspects of their analysis. The goal is to help students understand how to conduct an evidence-based review and synthesis of scientific nursing research.
This document provides guidelines for critically appraising a quantitative or qualitative research study from a nursing journal. It outlines the key elements students should evaluate in their critique, including describing the research problem, literature review, theoretical framework, variables, sample, instruments, data collection and analysis, results, and conclusions. Students will use these elements to structure a written critique of an assigned research article and presentation discussing aspects of their analysis. The goal is to help students understand how to conduct an evidence-based review and synthesis of scientific nursing research.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in research methods. It discusses target groups, definitions of research, general research characteristics, problem selection, literature reviews, conceptual frameworks, setting research objectives, and referencing styles. Research is defined as an exhaustive search for facts and meanings with reference to a given problem. Literature reviews analyze previous work to identify gaps and avoid duplication. Conceptual frameworks illustrate relationships between study variables. Well-formulated objectives focus a study and guide its design and implementation.
The document outlines the principal steps in a statistical enquiry. It discusses 14 key steps: 1) defining objectives, 2) determining population and data collection needs, 3) designing questionnaires, 4) determining data collection methods, 5) selecting sampling techniques, 6) determining minimum sample size, 7) organizing fieldwork, 8) addressing errors and non-response, 9) pre-testing instruments, 10) conducting pilot studies, 11) processing and analyzing data, 12) reporting results and drawing conclusions, 13) learning from completed studies, and 14) referencing information sources. The goal is to provide trainees with an understanding of how to systematically plan, execute, analyze, and learn from empirical research studies
This document provides guidelines for critically analyzing a research report or study. It defines what is meant by being critical and providing a critical review. It outlines the key aspects of a research study that should be evaluated such as the background, methodology, results, and conclusions. Specific criteria are provided for critiquing different sections of a research report, including the problem statement, objectives, literature review, design, sample, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and conclusions. The purpose of a critical review is to judge the scientific merits and quality of a research study.
The document discusses research in nursing. It defines research and describes the roles of nurses in research from producer to consumer. The importance of research to the nursing profession is outlined as building nursing knowledge, validating improvements, and making healthcare more efficient. The sources and types of knowledge and reasoning in research are examined, including basic and applied research. The history of nursing research from Florence Nightingale to modern evidence-based practice is summarized.
KV712 Intro to Research Methodology Session1kturvey
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to educational research methodology. It discusses paradigms like quantitative and qualitative research and mixed methods approaches. It also covers research designs such as action research, case studies, surveys, and experiments. Additionally, it outlines various data collection tools and issues around the researcher's role and positionality. Throughout, it emphasizes the importance of grounding research within a theoretical framework and developing focused research questions.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in research methodology. It discusses definitions of research, objectives of research such as gaining new insights or testing hypotheses. It covers research design principles like defining variables and controlling for extraneous factors. It also outlines different research designs for exploratory, descriptive and experimental studies. Sample design concepts involving probability and non-probability sampling are presented. Methods of primary data collection like observation, interviews and questionnaires are explained. Finally, it provides guidance on constructing questionnaires and successful interviewing techniques.
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research as a systematic process used to increase understanding through answering questions. The document outlines key aspects of research including: defining and describing research; differences between research and other activities; the process of research from question to interpretation; reliability and validity; and types of research designs. It emphasizes that research requires a scientific approach and should aim to improve understanding and inform practice.
This document provides an overview of planning educational research. It discusses frameworks for planning research, conducting literature reviews, orienting decisions, research design and methodology, data analysis, and presenting results. Different types of research are described, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Key elements of research design are outlined. The document also discusses operationalizing research questions, sources for literature reviews, developing hypotheses, and ensuring quality in research planning.
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This document provides an overview of an autobiographical book written by Dr. Rordzor Dhital describing his life journey from childhood to the present. The book details his upbringing, family background, educational experiences, career struggles and successes as a medical professional. It is intended to inspire youth by sharing his challenges and perseverance in achieving his goals through hard work and dedication.
This dissertation examines home-based care for people living with AIDS in rural Nepal. The study had two parts: 1) Analyzing aspects of home-based care through interviews with 125 caregivers of people with AIDS, case studies of 14 people with AIDS, and focus groups/key informant interviews. 2) Implementing an 8-week education intervention program on home-based care and evaluating its impact using pre- and post-testing. The study found many caregivers lacked training and knowledge. Caregiving was burdensome and affected caregivers' health, social life, and finances. The education program significantly improved caregivers' knowledge and outcomes related to caregiving.
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This dissertation examines home-based care for people living with AIDS in rural Nepal. The study had two parts: 1) Analyzing aspects of home-based care for 125 caregivers of people with AIDS through interviews, case studies, and focus groups. 2) Implementing an 8-week education intervention program on home-based care and evaluating its impact using pre- and post-testing. The study found many caregivers lacked training and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Caregivers reported high burdens and many faced health issues, social problems, and financial difficulties due to caregiving. The education program significantly improved caregivers' knowledge and preparedness for home-based care.
This document provides an overview of pancreatitis including:
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- Identifying clinical manifestations such as abdominal pain, nausea, fever, and diagnostic tests including blood tests and imaging.
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This document appears to be a presentation by Prof. Dr. RS Mehta about his 23 year history working in ERH & BPKIHS from 2048-2071. It includes some pictures from his time there and lists him as a participant and resource person for a Research Methodology Training from March 3-7, 2013. It also mentions an HBC session and thanks Robert from CGH Singapore for an example of innovations and development.
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This document provides an overview of an autobiographical book written by Dr. Rajendra Dhakal titled "From Birth to Retirement". The book describes key events and experiences from the author's life, from childhood through his professional career as a medical doctor. It covers his upbringing in rural Nepal, education journey, career experiences including hardships faced, professional achievements, and reflections on life lessons learned. The author hopes the book will inspire youth to work hard through perseverance despite challenges.
This document discusses patients' rights in healthcare. It begins by defining a patient's bill of rights as a list of guarantees for those receiving medical care, including the right to information, fair treatment, and autonomy over decisions. The document then outlines specific rights in more detail, such as the right to receive respectful and safe care, provide informed consent, privacy and confidentiality, refuse treatment, and make complaints. It discusses patients' rights during medication and treatment. Overall, the document aims to clearly define the rights and protections that should be afforded to all patients.
This document discusses various legal aspects related to nursing practice, including medico-legal issues and cases. It defines key terminology like tort, negligence, malpractice. Common medico-legal cases involve deliberate self-harm, accidents, and criminal cases. Nurses must properly document and handle medico-legal cases, obtain informed consent, and understand their legal duties and liabilities to practice safely and avoid litigation. Maintaining standards of care, competence, and keeping accurate records are important legal safeguards for nurses.
The document outlines the International Council of Nurses' (ICN) Code of Ethics for nurses. It discusses four main sections of the code: 1) Nurses and patients or other people requiring care or services, 2) Nurses and practice, 3) Nurses and the profession, and 4) Nurses and global health. For each section, it lists the guiding principles that nurses should uphold in their relationships with patients, in their nursing practice and professional responsibilities, and in promoting global health as a human right. The code aims to define ethical nursing practice and decision-making to meet high professional standards.
1. The document discusses ethics and values in nursing, defining key terms like ethics, morals, and values. It outlines ethical principles like autonomy, non-maleficence, and beneficence.
2. Six standards of nursing practice are discussed, including accountability, continuing competence, and professional relationships. Methods of ethical decision making and processing ethical dilemmas are also presented.
3. Primary values for ethical nursing practice are outlined, including providing safe care, maintaining privacy, and promoting justice. The relationship between ethics, values, and the nursing code of ethics is explored.
More from BP KOIRALA INSTITUTE OF HELATH SCIENCS,, NEPAL (20)
3. Common Research Process
Chapter 1 - Introduction
FORMULATION PHASE
Chapter 2 - Literature review
Cyclic and dynamic
interation
Chapter 3 – Methodology DESIGN AND EXCUTING PHASE
Chapter 4 - Data analysis
ANALYTICAL PHASE
Chapter 5- Discussion
Chapter 6- Conclusion
References
Appendix
4. IDEAS OF BASIC RESEARCH
1. Scientific World 2. Theoretical World
•Data valid
•Data Reliable •Social reliability:
•Objective Facts,
•Generabiligy Field,
•Prediction: on basis of data
Poverty,
•Add to your field: new
idea/knowledge
Culture.
3. Empirical
World
•Idea to real
•Opposite direction
of theoretical world
4
6. Critique Nursing Studies:
• Important questions that are part of intellectual
research critique are:
1. What are the major strengths of the study?
2. Major weakness of the study?
3. Findings of the study are accurate
reflection of reality.
4. Significance of the findings for nurses.
5. Findings consistence with previous study.
6
7. Reading for Understanding
• Choosing an article
• Reading the abstract
• Reading the introduction
• Reading the method section
• Reading the results section
• Reading the discussion
7
8. How to critically review a paper?
• What the hypotheses? How many are there?
Are they clearly stated? Is the number tested
appropriate? Is there a salient central theme
of the paper or are they scattered? Are you
convinced by the authors of the significance of
their topic and questions?
8
9. • What methods are used? Are they
appropriate to test the hypotheses? Are the
questionnaires well established? Are they
appropriate? Is the subject selection
appropriate?
• What findings are reported? Do they
support the hypotheses?
9
10. • How did the authors interpret the findings? Do
you agree with them? Are there other
alternative explanations that they may have
missed, and that may threaten the internal
validity of their interpretation/conclusion? How
could have they done their study differently?
• How a scale of 1 to 7 (1=at not all, 4=average,
7=best), how would you rate the 1) overall
significance, 2) the presentation clarity, 3) the
methodological soundedness?
10
11. • Length of critique: no longer than 2 pages
11
12. Guidelines for Critical Analysis of Research
Report: Critiquing Criteria
• Read the research study from beginning to
end in terms of elements of research process
and compare each element to the established
criteria. Critique the study by giving answers
to the following questions raised as follows:
12
13. Statement of the Research Problem &
Purpose:
• Is the problem clearly stated to identify the
research variables, settings and Populations?
• Does the purpose clarify the focus of the
problem to be stated?
• Are the findings of previous studies/existing
literature used to generate the research
problem and purpose?
13
14. Objective and Hypothesis:
• Are they appropriately expressed?
• Are they linked to research purposes?
• Are the variables identified?
• Are there uncontrolled variables to confound
the findings to the study?
14
15. Conceptual / Theoretical Framework:
• Does the conceptual framework describe and define
the concepts of interest?
• Are the relationships among variable clearly stated?
• Is the model of framework provided for the clarity?
• Does the framework reflect all the variables of the
study?
• Is it consistent with what is being studied?
15
16. Operational Definitions:
• Are the variables defined on the basis of
previous research or theories?
• Is the operational definition consistent with
conceptual definition?
Limitations of the study:
• Are the biases present in the study
identified/
16
17. Literature Review:
• Are the previous studies related to research
problem identified and described?
• Is the current knowledge of research problem
described?
• Are the references current?
• Is it organized to demonstrated progressive
development of idea through previous
research?
• Does it provide rationale for the study?
• Are primary sources mainly used?
• Does it follow the purposes of the study?
17
18. Population and Sample:
• Are the setting and the population in which
findings to be generalized clearly identified?
• Is the sample representative?
• Is sample size sufficiently large?
• Is the sample selection procedure clearly
described?
• Is the human rights protected in carrying out
sampling technique?
18
19. Research Instruments:
• Are all data collection instruments identified?
• Is the rationale for selection is given?
• Is the method used appropriate to the problem being
studied?
• Does it measure the variables as defined?
• Does it describe how it was developed?
• Is it reported how the validity and reliability had
been established?
• Were the observers trained how to use it, if they
were used.
19
20. Data collection:
• Was the instrument pre-tested?
• Was the use of statistic appropriate?
• Was the level of measurement for each variable
appropriate/
• Are the same phenomena/variables being observed
as described in problem instrument?
• Where the procedures for data collection
adequately described?
• Where institutional permission obtained?
• Is there enough information present to come into
conclusion?
• Is the presentation of data adequate and agree with
the text?
20
21. Data Analysis and Interpretation:
• Are all of the results pertaining each hypothesis
presented?
• Are the results presented objectively/
• Has the level of significance reported/
• Does the table have appropriate heading and precise
labels and the figures agree with the text?
• Are the results interpreted in the context of ht
problem/purpose/hypothesis/theoretical framework?
21
22. Conclusion, Implications and
Recommendations:
• Was it reported whether findings supported /
not supported the hypothesis?
• What generalizations were made?
• Was the relevance of research to nursing and
other field identified?
• Was a recommendation for future research
made?
• Was it reported what study had validity fro
generalization and replication of there study in
another research setting?
22
25. Title of the Study
• Use capital letters and center it on
the page
–Make it specific and self–explanatory in
regard to research problem
–It must contain:
= Problem, Population, Purpose, Place, Time.
R S MEHTA, MSND 25
26. Research Question/Problem Statement
• State clearly how to identify the research
variable(s), population, and setting
• Use literature search to general research
problem
• Research Variable
• Identify all independent and dependent
variables
R S MEHTA, MSND 26
27. Feasibility / Requirements:
• Time, Equipments / Facilities,
Budget, Ethical Issues, Professional
Knowledge, Experiences, permission.
R S MEHTA, MSND 27
28. Scales for Rating Research Topics
(Scale: 1=low, 2=Medium, 3=High)
1. Relevance/Size of the problem
2. Avoidance of Duplication
3. Urgency
4. Political Acceptability
5. Feasibility
6. Applicability
7. Ethical Acceptability
R S MEHTA, MSND 28
29. Selecting a Research Design
1. Level of knowledge
2. Nature of the research phenomenon
3. Nature of the research purpose
4. Ethical considerations
5. Feasibility
6. Validity and availability of data
7. Precision
8. Cost
31. Population vs. Sample
1.Population (Universe)
– All items of interest “What is the difference
between sample and
2.Sample population?”
– Portion chosen from population
3.Parameter
– Characteristic of a population
4.Statistic
– Characteristic of a sample
32. Parameter and Statistic
An Example
“The mean height of all 10th
graders is 60 inches.”
Parameter
Population
33. Parameter and Statistic
An Example
“The mean height of all 10th
graders is 60 inches.”
Parameter
Population
Sample
34. Parameter and Statistic
An Example
“The mean height of all 10th
graders is 60 inches.”
Parameter
Population
“The mean height of Mrs. Jones’
tenth graders is 60 inches.”
Statistic
Sample
35. Parameter and Statistic
An Example
“The mean height of all 10th
graders is 60 inches.”
Parameter
Population
“The mean height of Mrs. Jones’
tenth graders is 60 inches.”
Statistic
Sample
36. Summary of scientific research
• Selection of area no need for study
• Selection of topic answer found
• Crude research question literature review
•
• no answer
• Refined research question
• Research hypothesis, goals and objectives
• Study design ethical issue
• Population & sampling
• Variables confounding bias
• Research tools
• Pilot study
• Work plan
• Collection of data
• Data management
• Interpretation
• Reporting
37. Problems in research projects:
• Topics : must be one breath
• Selection of project without study
• No theoretical base to support empirical data
• Conceptual frame work not clear
• Objective maximum three
• Title must be like dani ( bamboo stick for paddy
removal using oxes)
• Objectives moves round the title
• Methodology to achieve objectives
• Conceptually and theoretically clear
37
38. Problems in research projects:
• Must read books
• Case study: when empirical data not available
• Use multiple sources of data for validity
• Include advanced development in field
• Visit library, book shops regularly
• Find more original articles
• In literature : Killing many darlings
• Basis of conceptual frame work: Literature,
Theories, Experiences & Focus of research.
• Use triangulation methods of data collection:
qualitative, quantitative and both.
38
39. “There is no way to get
experience except through
experience.”