Reporting War Terrorism and Calamities by Shahbaz Ali

1. NAME : SHAHBAZ ALI
ROLL# 392 FSS MSMCS F-18
SEMESTER FALL 2K19 ( MS-III)
SUBJECT: MEDIA ETHICS, LAWS , STRATEGIES AND
POLICIES IN PAKISTAN

2. PRESENTATION TOPIC
Reporting War Terrorism and calamities

3. REPORTING
 It is just a genre of writing.
 A reporter goes through, Interviews, research Assemble a story, fact-
checking and editing and publishing.
 News Reporting involves discovering all relevant facts, selecting
and presenting the important facts and weaving a comprehensive
story.

4. TYPES OF REPORTING
 General reporting
 Political reporting
 Environmental reporting
 Sports reporting
 Cultural reporting
 Court / crime reporting
 War reporting

5. WAR REPORTING
 In war reporting the journalists must exercise the greatest care not spread
rumors and on the other hand they must expose themselves to danger.
 Journalists always be conscious that care less war reporting can cause
untold harm in a tense situation.
 In war reporting greatest care should be taken that in reporting killings,
injuries, prisoners , properties loss and the affected areas should be well
captured.
 The kinds of the weapons used by the parties while covering in a war
reporting.

6. SUFFERING, COMPASSION AND PITY
 The experience of suffering and pain is intimate , personal.
 It is something that we can not communicate .
 As Arendt says , ‘’ great bodily pain, is at the same time the most private
and least communicable of all experience’’.
 Suffering is often to feel a kind of embarrassment , to stand and stare , to
expose the person who suffers to public gaze is refined cruelty.
 The word pity associated with condescension .
 Compassion is directed to specific feeling or the emotion when a person is
moved by the suffering or distress from the particular incident.
 Lack of compassion can be at the heart of some of the more un savory
journalistic practices , pack journalism, the ambush interviews of someone
who has not experience of reporters , invasion of privacy and other methods
that might goes against the journalistic work.

7. COVERAGE OF SUFFERING
 Journalists decide what material it is appropriate to show or publish.
 E.g. the picture of the calcinated Iraqi soldier on the road out of the
Kuwait city was one of the emblematic images of the Gulf war and
one of the first to show that people had actually died the observer
newspaper received that photograph and others also decided to
publish it (3 March 1991). But later decided to put it on an inside
page so as not to upset the readers breakfast.
 The sequence of the images of the two planes crashing into the
world trade center in New York 11 September 2001 will seared in to
the memories of the readers all those who saw them in the
newspapers and on the television screens.

8. DEATH AND DISASTER
 This includes the natural and the man made disaster that may affect the
individual life , society or the whole community that people are living in a
particular area .
 Natural disaster includes :
 Earthquakes
 Floods
 Hurricane that causes the great damage or loss of life.
 Man made disasters are hazards caused by human action or in action
 Anthropogenic hazards adversely affect humans life.
 The reporting of the Paddington train crash in which 30 people died in October
1999 the Guardian's front page picture showed two women , their faces buried
in their hands, near the crash site the Guardian’s was closely cropped
Rusbridger the guardian's editor to minimize the chances of identification just
considered as symbolic of people’s suffering .( Greenslade,11 October, 1999)
 In 1984 the BBC team of the reporter Michael Buerk and camera man
Mohammad Amin got into Ethiopia thousands of the people were suffering from
the famine which causes lots of deaths, their ten minutes report showed the
reality of famine , the death of the three years old in her mother’s arms.

9. IMAGES REGARDING EARTHQUAKE AND FLOOD IN PAKISTAN

11. PICTURE POWER ( TAKING PICTURES)
 Pictures are immeasurably more powerful wards.
 The power of the picture in photojournalism is able to refine their
critical messages without reducing the sharpness of the meanings
and intentions contained in it.
 In 1993 freelance South African photographer, Kevin Carter, took
picture of a Sudanese toddler too weak to continue the short distance
that remained to feeding center; behind her was a vulture. Won a
Pulitzer prize. Two months later he committed suicide.

12. POINTS THAT SHOULD BE NOTED WHILE TAKING PICTURES
 Selecting pictures
 Only connect

13. ETHICS REGARDING TO COVERING THE NEWS
STORIES
 Not to be led by technology.
 To minimize the inevitable intrusion by organizing pools, not only
the news itself has an ethical dimensions but the means used to
obtain it .Pools can be good ways of avoiding some of the intrusion
pack of reporters covering an event.
 To be sensitive about the interviews journalists should be moderate
in the way interviews are requested and how they are done.
 To be careful in publishing or broadcasting distressed materials.
 Assign experienced staff to the story.
 Let the humanity of the reporter come through first, reporter shows a
sense of feelings without abandoning the story.

15. REFERENCES
 https://www.slideshare.net/SelvakumariShekhar/reporting-73571971
 https://www.slideshare.net/edelweiss_biru/journalism-ppt-the-power-of-
picture
 https://www.google.com/search?q=vulture+and+the+little+girl&hl
 https://www.google.com/search?hl=en-
PK&authuser=0&tbm=isch&q=ethiopian+famine+1984+pictures&sa
 https://www.google.com/search?hl=en-
PK&authuser=0&biw=1366&bih=657&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=dGGIXbHwE
qeFjLsP2KOF4Aw&q=+paddington+train+train+0