• IT IS THE STUDY OF FACTS AND INFORMATION
• IT IS FORMED IN A STRUCTURED FORMAT
• BASED ON OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS
• IT HELPS THE MANAGEMENT IN AN ORGANISATION FOR MAKING PLANS AND SOLVING ISSUES IN THE ORGANISATION
Components of Communication is article base on business and communication with each other, it helps to develop best communicator with audience and with others industries uses.
Hello,
This presentation is a little step to share some information on "Effective Listening Skills" with you. If this help you a little, I will be happy. Feel free to share your opinion.
Thank you.
*All the information and images are collected from internet.
Components of Communication is article base on business and communication with each other, it helps to develop best communicator with audience and with others industries uses.
Hello,
This presentation is a little step to share some information on "Effective Listening Skills" with you. If this help you a little, I will be happy. Feel free to share your opinion.
Thank you.
*All the information and images are collected from internet.
Quick guide for small and mid sized Non-governmental Organizations' (NGOs'), Civil Society Organizations' (CSOs'), Community Based Organizations (CBOs'), Charities & Causes
How to understand others, Empathize to be a better communicatorBabu Appat
Empathy is essential quality everyone has to build up in order to make their communication more effective. We have to build up a genuine interest in people. People Skill is an avenues where we'll have to do something to improve our communication effectiveness. Try to place yourself in other person's shoes. Understand what others need, and modify your delivery in accordance to that. We'll have to shed our ego, perhaps.
critical thinking is the most important concept with every day life like, school,work place, society for more information reed this power point.five point of this power point .What is critical thinking?
• Characteristics of a critical thinking
• Critical thinking standards
• benefits to critical thinking
• barriers of critical thinking
• How to improve critical thinking
writing process and an introduction to business m
,
memorandums
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1st|planning the message
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analyzing organizational information
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informal
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writing email message general consideration
Our business writing skills presentation gives some simple but powerful tips on making your writing interesting and impactful. Effective business writing skills can enhance your productivity dramatically.
Aquire useful techniques for effective writing and learn skills that apply to all forms of writing. Writing PowerPoint Presentation Content slides includes topics such as: 16 rules of writing, 26 writing tips, writing pitfalls, excercises, applications, 8 slides on sentence structuring, writer’s block, solution to writer’s block, brainstorming, 4 slides on free writing, 5 slides on letter writing, introductory letters, sales writing, sales letters, report writing, framing a report, tips and mistakes for media dealings, how to’s and much more.
The Power of Listening skill in CommunicationGarima Singh
Listening skills are the ability to actively understand information provided by the speaker. Here is a very useful Power point Presentation on Listening.
Thanks
Quick guide for small and mid sized Non-governmental Organizations' (NGOs'), Civil Society Organizations' (CSOs'), Community Based Organizations (CBOs'), Charities & Causes
How to understand others, Empathize to be a better communicatorBabu Appat
Empathy is essential quality everyone has to build up in order to make their communication more effective. We have to build up a genuine interest in people. People Skill is an avenues where we'll have to do something to improve our communication effectiveness. Try to place yourself in other person's shoes. Understand what others need, and modify your delivery in accordance to that. We'll have to shed our ego, perhaps.
critical thinking is the most important concept with every day life like, school,work place, society for more information reed this power point.five point of this power point .What is critical thinking?
• Characteristics of a critical thinking
• Critical thinking standards
• benefits to critical thinking
• barriers of critical thinking
• How to improve critical thinking
writing process and an introduction to business m
,
memorandums
,
planning the message
,
1st|planning the message
,
analyzing organizational information
,
drafting
,
revising
,
letters
,
determining memorandum form
,
informal
,
writing email message general consideration
Our business writing skills presentation gives some simple but powerful tips on making your writing interesting and impactful. Effective business writing skills can enhance your productivity dramatically.
Aquire useful techniques for effective writing and learn skills that apply to all forms of writing. Writing PowerPoint Presentation Content slides includes topics such as: 16 rules of writing, 26 writing tips, writing pitfalls, excercises, applications, 8 slides on sentence structuring, writer’s block, solution to writer’s block, brainstorming, 4 slides on free writing, 5 slides on letter writing, introductory letters, sales writing, sales letters, report writing, framing a report, tips and mistakes for media dealings, how to’s and much more.
The Power of Listening skill in CommunicationGarima Singh
Listening skills are the ability to actively understand information provided by the speaker. Here is a very useful Power point Presentation on Listening.
Thanks
Business Research Report | Presentation | Business Communication | Walli ButtWalliTech
Contents
1- What is Report?
2- Purpose
3- The report & the reader
4- Types of report
5- Writing Non-Routine Reports
6- A System for Report Writing
7- Report Format
### The Evolution and Impact of Cricket: A Comprehensive Analysis
#### Introduction
Cricket, a sport that began as a pastime in the fields of England, has grown into a global phenomenon that captivates millions. Its evolution from a rudimentary bat-and-ball game to a sophisticated sport played in various formats reflects the dynamic nature of its history. This essay delves into the historical development, cultural significance, economic impact, and contemporary issues facing cricket, providing a thorough understanding of this beloved sport.
#### Historical Development
##### Origins and Early Development
Cricket's origins are somewhat obscure, but it is widely accepted that the game began in the south-east of England during the 16th century. Early references to the game, then known as "creckett," suggest it was initially played by children. By the 17th century, cricket had gained popularity among adults, and village matches became common.
The 18th century marked a significant period in cricket's development. The establishment of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 1787 and the formulation of the Laws of Cricket provided a structured framework that facilitated the sport's standardization and growth. These laws, albeit with numerous amendments over the centuries, still govern the game today.
##### Expansion and Globalization
The 19th century was pivotal for cricket's expansion beyond England. The British Empire played a crucial role in spreading the sport to its colonies, including India, Australia, the Caribbean, and South Africa. Cricket became a symbol of British culture, often associated with the ideals of sportsmanship and fair play.
Test cricket, the longest form of the game, emerged during this period. The first officially recognized Test match was played between England and Australia in 1877. This format established cricket as a serious and strategic sport, requiring not only physical skill but also mental resilience and tactical acumen.
The 20th century witnessed further global expansion and the birth of international competitions. The Imperial Cricket Conference (now the International Cricket Council or ICC) was founded in 1909 to oversee international cricket relations and competitions. The establishment of the ICC World Cup in 1975 introduced the One Day International (ODI) format, which significantly increased the game's appeal by offering a more concise and dynamic version of cricket.
#### Cultural Significance
##### National Identity and Unity
Cricket has played a substantial role in shaping national identities, particularly in countries where it is the dominant sport. In India, for instance, cricket transcends regional, linguistic, and religious differences, acting as a unifying force. Icons like Sachin Tendulkar and Virat Kohli are not merely sports figures but national heroes who symbolize aspiration and excellence.
In the Caribbean, cricket has been a critical element of post-colonial identity. The success of the We
Sample size estimated by Altman's Nomogram and Lehr's formula by S. Lakshmana...LAKSHMANAN S
If you want to download this Altman's Nomogram chart, click the follwing link.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Nomogram-for-the-calculation-of-sample-size-or-power-adapted-from-Altman-1982-2_fig1_46403233
Graph description: Altman's nomogram
BODY & MIND IS RELATED IN PSYCHO STATISTICAL PERSPECTIVE English.pptxLAKSHMANAN S
This data was collected from the Youth Leadership and Community Development Programme – 2017 in NEHRU YUVA KENDRA – PUDUCHERRY
Study of the Psycho-Physiological Status of Youth
Sanjay Vohra’s Psycho-Physiological State Inventory was used in this test .
This study data was entered into the MINITAB
and also has been explained through this Software
142. Personality Development Intro explained by S. Lakshmanan, PsychologistLAKSHMANAN S
Personality is a Person’s unique pattern of traits.
- J.P.Guilord
What is ‘Development’?
Steps or changes in growth, advancement and improvement
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141. Assertive Tech and Practice explained by S. Lakshmanan, PsychologistLAKSHMANAN S
Many of us don’t handle interpersonal relationships well, particularly at work. Instead of feeling good about ourselves, our reactions and responses to others often make us feel tongue-tied and inadequate, on the one hand, and angry and critical on the other. Here are some of the ways to deal with everyday situations and come out feeling good.
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Rotter's Locus of Control explained in Tamil by S. Lakshmanan, PsychologistLAKSHMANAN S
1954 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஜூலியன் ரோட்டரால் லோக்கஸ் ஆஃப் கன்ட்ரோல் உருவாக்கப்பட்டது. கட்டுப்பாடு என்பது தங்களுக்குள்ளேயே அல்லது வெளிப்புறமாக மற்றவர்களுடன் அல்லது சூழ்நிலையில் உள்ளது என்று நம்பும் மக்களின் போக்கை இது கருதுகிறது.
உடலியல் உள்ளுணர்வுகள் அல்லது உந்துதல்களை ஒரு உந்து சக்தியாக நம்பாமல், ரோட்டர் ஒருங்கிணைந்த நடத்தை மற்றும் ஆளுமை பற்றிய ஆய்வு. ஜூலியன் ரோட்டரின் சமூகக் கற்றல் கோட்பாட்டின் முக்கிய யோசனை என்னவென்றால், ஆளுமை என்பது தனிநபரின் சுற்றுச்சூழலுடன் தொடர்புகொள்வதைக் குறிக்கிறது.
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Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi"s Flow theory explained by S. Lakshmanan, Psychologis...LAKSHMANAN S
ஃப்ளோ எனப்படும் சுயநினைவின் போது மக்கள் உண்மையான திருப்தியை அடைகிறார்கள் என்பதை மிஹய் சிக்சென்ட்மிஹய் கண்டுபிடித்தார். இந்த நிலையில் அவை முழுமையாக உறிஞ்சப்படுகின்றன
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Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's Flow theory explained by S. Lakshmanan, Psychologis...LAKSHMANAN S
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi discovered that people find genuine satisfaction during a state of consciousness called Flow. In this state they are completely absorbed
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136. Total psychological study of the students of SVCOPT on 2018LAKSHMANAN S
SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
Ariyur, Puducherry
First Psychological Study for the First Batch of BPT Students 2018
Scales Used:-
1. Dr. Mukta Rani Rastogi’s Self Concept Scale
2. Bell’s Adjustment Inventory - Student Form
3. State Self-Esteem scale (SSES) (Heatherton & Polivy, 1991)
4. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Scale
2. AGENDA:
INTRODUCTION
EFFECTIVE REPORT
WRITING
TYPES OF REPORT
STRUCTURE OF REPORT
PLANNING OF REPORT.
▹ FEATURES OF REPORT
WRITING
▹ COMMON MISTAKES IN
REPORT WRITING
▹ IMPORTANCE OF
REPORT WRITING
▹ CONCLUSION
2
3. SO WHY SHOULD I LISTEN TOYOU
• Entrepreneurship Seminar
• INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
• Research & Development
• Surveys conducted by you
• You witnessed some Historic Speech
• You investigated some crime.
3
4. INTRODUCTION:
▹ • IT IS THE STUDY OF FACTS AND INFORMATIONS
▹ • IT IS FORMED IN A STRUCTURED FORMAT
▹ • BASED ON OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS
▹ • IT HELPS THE MANAGEMENT IN AN ORGANISATION
FOR MAKING PLANS AND SOLVING ISSUES IN THE
ORGANISATION
4
5. WHATIS A REPORTWRITING
• A means to convey some information to others.
• An organized, factual, objective presentation
of information.
• ‘Organized’ since it follows a systematic pattern.
• ‘Objective' means it should not be influenced by
our personal feelings.
• Report is a comprehensive document and covers
all aspects of the subject matter of study.
5
6. REPORTS ANDESSAYS.!!!
• Similarities:
- formal style
- careful proof-reading and neat
presentation
- introduction, body and conclusion
- analytical thinking
6
7. KEYDIFFERENCES:
▹ A report:
• presents information, not an argument is meant to be scanned quickly by the
reader
• uses numbered headings and sub-headings uses short, concise paragraphs and
dot-points where applicable
• uses graphics wherever possible (tables, graphs, illustrations)
• may need an abstract (sometimes called an executive summary)
• does not always need references and bibliography is often followed by
recommendations and/or appendices
7
8. Steps to Create Effective Project Reports
1. Decide the Objective
▹ Take some time to think about the purpose of the
report.
2. Understand Your Audience
▹ You may need to develop a more formal or informal
tone to your own natural style. Adapting this technique
will build rapport and make the reader more receptive
to your ideas
8
9. Steps to Create Effective Project Reports
3. Report Format and Type
▹ Do you need to craft a formal, informal, financial, annual,
technical, fact-finding or problem-solving report
4. Gather the Facts and Data
▹ Including engaging facts and data will solidify your
argument.
9
11. Steps to Create Effective Project Reports
5. Structure
6. Readability
▹ Spend some time making the report accessible and
enjoyable to read.
7. Edit
▹ The first draft of the report is rarely perfect so you will need
to edit and revise the content. If possible, set the document
aside for a few days before reviewing or ask a colleague to
review.
11
12. Types of Report
▹ Research Report
▹ Business Report
▹ Scientific Report
▹ Routine Report
▹ Investigation Report
▹ Project Report
▹ Director’s Report
12
13. TYPES OF REPORTS :
1. Information only Reports
• Provides basic information
• Very very short
• Report writing on monthly
budgets, staff absentees and so
on..
13
14. 2. RESEARCH REPORTS
• Most widely used report
• Important for university level
• Includes R&D subjects.
• Writing a report on some product
development.
• Report writing for your competitor’s activities.
14
15. 3. CASE STUDY ANALYSIS REPORTS
▹ Hypothetical research reports.
▹ • Includes real life examples
▹ • Submit a report based on a case given to
▹ you
▹ • Widely used in university level competitions.
15
16. 4. Business report
▹A document in which a given problem is
examined for the purpose of conveying
information, reporting findings, putting forward
ideas and, sometimes making recommendations.
▹Provide the business executive with a basis for
decision and action.
17. Types of business report?
As a matter of fact, there are two kinds of business reports
1. Routine reports
2. Special reports
3.Routine reports:
A routine report is an important part of a office but it does not need any special ability for
obtaining details. It calls for accuracy nor any brain power. Such reports are usually
written by subordinators
2.Special reports:
Such reports are written by a man whose training and experience make him an authority
in the area with which the report is concerned. These reports are always specially
authorized.
18. Importance of business
report
It is very useful tool, an instrument of managerial control.
It shows the accurate description of a business.
Reports paly an important role in planning and organization of a
business house.
Reports are considered as special kind of information, on which a
man in authority may take a special decision.
Reports are conducted by experienced persons by conducting
surveys, investigating the matter thoroughly and submitting their
findings along with their recommendations or suggestions.
19. Special business reports
▹ The special business reports can be classified into two categories;
1.Short reports
2.Long reports
▹ 1. Short report:
Short report or informal report may range from a short statement of facts
presented on a single page to a longer presentation taking several pages. This
type of reports are usually submitted in the form of a letter or memorandum.
It does not need a cover, table or content or any special display.
It can be personal, informal and relaxed.
These are written as first person.( I or We)
20. 2. Long report:
Long reports are always long one and consist of;
Cover, title page, content page,
covering letter, summary, introduction,
the body of report, conclusion, suggestions,
appendix, bibliography, and index…
Mostly presented in the form of book.
It is formal, impersonal and restrained in tone.
21. Memo Reports (Memorandum)
• a type of routine (informal) report
• prepares for internal communication purposes
• Impersonal and objective in its tone
• length ranges between a sentence or two to several pages
• begin with background information, the sender, receiver, the date,
subject and location in case the memo refers to an event.
21
23. Letter Reports
• Letter reports are usually one-page documents
• Used for external communication purposes.
• They are in block form and include standard features of
letters.
• Letter reports normally are typed on a company letterhead.
23
24. Project Reports (Detailed)
▹ Introductory parts
• Title Page:
• Letter of Transmittal:
• Acknowledgment:
• Table of Contents:
• List of Illustrations and
Graphs: Executive
Summary or Abstract:
24
The Body of the
Reports
• Introduction
• Description
• Conclusion
• Recommendations
Appended Parts
• List of References
• Bibliography
• Glossary
• Appendix
• Index
25. Methods of compiling data for preparing report
• Plan (Introduction and Purpose)
• Identify (Scopes and Limits)
• Develop (Data Collection and
Description of TargetAnalysis)
• Analyse (the actions, and findings)
• Summarise (Final Analysis and Issues for
further recommendations)
25
26. Structure the Report
A report typically has four elements:
▹ • Executive Summary. Your report will begin with
the summary, which is written once the report is
finished. As the first item the reader encounters, this
is the most important section of the document. They
will likely use the summary to decide how much of
thereport they need to read so make it count!
26
27. Structure of the Report
▹ • Introduction: Provide a context for the report and
outline the structure of the contents. Identify the scope
of the report and any particular methodologies used
▹ • Body: It’s now time to put your writing skills to work!
This is the longest section of the report and should
present background details, analysis, discussions,
and recommendations for consideration. Draw upon
data and supporting graphics to support your position
27
28. Structure the Report
▹ Conclusion: Bring together the various elements of
the report in a clear and concise manner. Identify next
steps and any actions that your reader needs to take.
28
33. FEATURES OF GOOD REPORT
▹ 1. Precision:
▹ In a good report, the writer is very clear about the
exact and definite purpose of writing the report.
▹ 2. The accuracy of facts:
▹ Since decisions are taken on the basis of report
information, any inaccurate information will lead
to wrong decision.
33
34. FEATURES OF GOOD REPORT
3. Relevance:
▹ The facts presented in a report should not be only accurate
but also be relevant .Irrelevant facts make a report
confusing and likely to be misleading.
4. Conciseness:
▹ Rather it means that a good report is one of that transmits
maximum information with minimum words. It avoids
unnecessary detail and includes everything significant.
34
35. FEATURES OF GOOD REPORT
5. Render- Orientation:
▹ A good report is always render oriented. While drafting
any report, it is necessary to keep in mind the person
who is going to read it. Readers knowledge and level
of understanding should consider by the writer of the
report.
35
36. FEATURES OF GOOD REPORT
6. Simple Language:
▹ A good report is written in a simple language avoiding
vague words. The message of a good report is self-
explanatory
7. Grammatical Accuracy:
▹ A good report is free from errors. Any faulty construction
of a sentence makes its meaning different to the reader
and sometimes become confusing
36
37. FEATURES OF GOOD REPORT
8. Unbiased Recommendation:
▹ If the recommendation is made at the end of a report,
they must be impartial and objective. They should come
to a logical conclusion for investigation and analysis.
37
38. Points to remember while writing
a Report
➢ Written in past tense
➢ Don’t Use the First Person
➢ Use Indirect Speech
➢ Use Passive Voice
38
I, Me X Third Person✔️
(Point of view)