This document provides guidance on how to write an effective report. It begins by outlining the session objectives, which are to teach report writing skills, differentiate report types, identify characteristics of a good report, and understand different report structures. The presentation is then outlined covering an introduction, definition of a report, report types, steps for an effective report, structure, and conclusion. Report types discussed include academic and professional reports. Key characteristics of a good report identified are meeting reader needs, having a clear structure, good presentation, not making assumptions, and being well written in good English. The general structure outlined is a title, introduction, main body, conclusion, and appendices. Finally, participants are given an activity to present reports in groups

1. How to write a Report
No need to get annoyed like this guy:
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2. 2
Session objectives
At the end of these sessions, participants will have:
 Acquired report writing skills
 Be able to differentiate between different types of
reports
 Be able to list the characteristics of a good report
and the steps to be followed to write a good report
 Appreciate the different report structures and agree
on a standard structure
 Consolidated their data interpretation skills

3. 3
Presentation Outline
 Introduction
 Definition
 Types of Reports
 Steps to Follow for a Good and Effective
Report
 Structure of a Report
 Conclusion
 Practical Exercise

4. 4
Introduction
 This presentation is intended to equip you
with the basic skills of communicating
information to others without necessarily the
need for meetings.
 Effective reports give a professional image
and get others to take your work seriously

5. 5
Definition
A report is a prepared account of what
happened, about a particular event,
presented in formal and organized format
backed with statistical evidence.
It may be a single report or a series of them.

6. 6
Types of Reports
 Academic Report:
Academic reports are usually detailed and
in most cases targeting academicians.
They are of high content and the producer
and the reader are at the same level or a
little different.

7. 7
Types of Reports continued
Professional Report:
 Professional reports are for informing and
persuading people as well as initiating change
 They may be detailed depending on the targeted
audience/taste of the sponsor.
 In most cases they have a mixed audience of those
who may understand the in-depth of the subject
content and non technical people like the decision-
makers.

8. 8
Good Report
The following comments have been made
by senior managers
about what they look for in a good report.
Assess the comments and evaluate them

9. 9
Good Report Continued
 A report must meet the needs of the
readers and answer the questions in their
minds
 A report must be at the right level for the
readers. Some readers have an in-depth
knowledge of the subject while others
may be decision-makers without
specialized, technical knowledge

10. 10
Good Report Continued
 A report must have a clear, logical
structure-with clear signposting to show
where the ideas are leading
 A report must give a good first
impression.
 Presentation is very important

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Good Report continued..
 A report must not make assumptions about
the readers’ understanding.
 All writers need to
 apply the ‘so what’ test
 explain why something is a good idea
 Reports must be written in good English
 using short sentences with correct grammar and
spelling
 Reports should have a time reference

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Steps to Follow for a Good and
Effective Report
1. Define your aim
2. Collect your ideas
3. Select the material and decide how to
show the significance of your facts
4. Structure your ideas
5. Start on report writing

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4.1 Introduction 24
4.2 Household Health Status 24
4.3 Availability and Access to Health Services 27
4.4 Health Services Utilization… 29
4.4.1 Under Five Immunization 30
4.4.2 Birth-related Services 32
4.5 Quality of Government Health Services 33
4.5.1 Payment for Services 33
4.5.2 Service Improvement 35
Example of structured ideas on Health
report

14. 14
General Structure of the Report
 Title
 Introduction
 Main Body
 Conclusion and Recommendations
 Appendices

15. 15
Report Editing
A checklist to use while editing a report
looks at 7 areas.
1. The purpose
 Have you clarified your purpose?
 Have you identified your readers' needs and
characteristics?

16. 16
Report Editing continued
2. Information
 Have you included the main points?
 Are these points supported by evidence?
 Is the information relevant to the purpose?

17. 17
Report Editing continued
3. Accuracy
 Are there spelling mistakes?
 Do the figures add up?
 Are the references correct, in the text and at the
end?
 Are all sources of information listed in the
References section?
 Are abbreviations consistent?

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Report Editing continued
4. Images
 Are images clear?
5.Format
 Is the report easy to follow?
 Are headings and numbering clear?
 Are the arguments followed through?
 Is it logical/easy to follow?
 Is the font and style consistent for the different
levels, body, tables and graphics?

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Report Editing continued
6. Language
 Is it clear, direct, easy to read?
 Will the readers understand it?
 Will its tone help you achieve the purpose?
 Can unnecessary words/phrases be deleted?
 Is the grammar/punctuation correct?
 Is there any repetition?

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Report Editing Continued
7. Presentation
 Is the layout appealing?
 Does it highlight important points?

21. References
 Fellows, J. (2002) A Decent Proposal.
Retrieved from www.sellingpower.com,
(accessed 06/03/2014)
 Mounsey, C. (2002) One Step Ahead: Essays
and Dissertations, Oxford, Oxford University
Press.
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22. Activity 1
 Work in groups.
 Each group member must present a different
report about the same topic.
 Topics are on page 46 of your textbook.
 There are 8 topics and one for each group,
group one must take the first topic and group
two the second and so on.
 Submission is tomorrow morning.
 Good luck! 22