The document provides an outline for a presentation on renewable energy. It begins with definitions of energy and different forms of energy. It then discusses energy consumption statistics and types of energy sources, distinguishing between renewable and non-renewable sources. Advantages of renewable energy include its unlimited availability, lower emissions, and ability to be used locally. Key renewable resources covered include solar, biomass, geothermal, hydro, and wind power. Solar power is discussed in depth, including how solar cells and solar power stations convert sunlight to electricity. The document concludes by stating that fossil fuels will eventually deplete, leading to a necessary transition to increased use of renewable sources.

1. Prepared by
Sameh Hamzawy
MESC Master Student
2012 - 2014
Renewable Energy

2. 2
1. What is Energy ?
2. Energy Consumption Statistics.
3. Types of Energy Sources.
4. Renewable Vs. Non- Renewable Energy
5. Why Renewable Energy?
6. Renewable Energy Resources.
7. Conclusion
Outline

3. What is Energy ?
3
Energy makes change; it does things for us.
 It moves cars along the road and boats over the
water.
 It bakes a cake in the oven and keeps ice frozen in
the freezer.
 It plays our favorite songs on the radio and lights
our homes.
 It makes our bodies grow and allows our minds to
think.
…….

4. 4
The different forms of energy:
Energy can be obtained in number of way. It may be in the
form of:
(1) Chemical energy - due to chemical reaction
(2) Electrical energy - due to flow of electron
(3) Heat energy - due to thermal vibration
(4) Light energy - due to radiation of light
(5) Mechanical energy – due to moving parts
(6) Nuclear energy - due to nuclear reaction
The SI unit of energy is Joule (or) N/m.
Definition of Energy: Energy can be defined as the ability
(or) capacity to do work

5. Examples of Energy
Energy is all around
you!
You use energy when
you
 Hit a softball.
 Carry your book bag.
 Compress a spring.
 You can see energy as
light.
 You can hear energy as
sound.
 you can feel it as
wind.

6. ENERGY STATISTICS

10. - Conventional energy sources (or) Non-
renewable energy sources
- Non-Conventional energy sources (or)
Renewable energy sources
Types of Energy sources

11. Non-Conventional energy (or)
Renewable energy
 Renewable energy is a source of energy that can
never be exhausted and can be replaced
continuously
 We can obtain renewable energy from the sun,
from the water, from the wind, from crop
residues and waste
 The types of Non-conventional (or) Renewable
energies are
 Solar energy Tidal
energy
 Wind energy Hydro
energy

12. Conventional energy (or) Non-
renewable energy
 Conventional (or) Non-renewable energy
sources are a natural resources that cannot be re-
made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its
consumption.
 Examples: The conventional (or) Non-renewable energy
sources : are fossil fuels (Oil, Coal, Petroleum and natural
gas), Nuclear energy.

13. NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES

14. NUCLEAR ENERGY
 Nuclear fission:
A large nucleus splits into
several small nuclei when
bumped by a neutron and
energy is released in this
process.
Nuclear fission uses uranium
to create energy.
Nuclear energy is a
nonrenewable resource
because once the uranium is
used, it is gone!

15. Why
Renewable
Energy
???????

16. Why is there a need for renewable
energy?
 The graph that we showed it , explain how much we
rely on fossil fuels
 90 percent of the worlds energy supply’s come from
fossil fuels and nuclear energy.
 Conventional fuels, such as used in coal, oil, or gas-
fired boilers or transportation, will increase in price as
supplies reduced.
 That’s the law of supply and demand!
 Imagine, how much longer can we depend on fossil
fuels?
 “Oil has 50 – 100 years left”

17. HMMMM....
In 1960 they said this
too! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- what has happened
is that we have found
new reserves of oil and
new technology has
made the oil we use
last longer.

18. :Advantages of Renewable energy resources
1. It is fact that the consumption of non-
renewable sources of energy has caused
more environmental damage than any
other human activity.
2. The use of fossil fuels such as oil and coal
produce high concentration harmful gases
in the atmosphere and creates so many
problems such as global warming.
3. The renewable sources, such as the sun
and wind, can never be exhausted -they
will always be available - and therefore are

19. 4- They cause fewer emissions (they are more cleaner
than non-renewable resources ) and are available
locally. In addition, they will not damage the Earth.
5- There are several types – so one or more of them is
present in each country.
6- Most natural sources can be used on a small scale
and serve local needs therefore cutting costs of
transmitting the energy.
7- Burning fossil fuels has increased atmospheric
pollution
8 -Vehicle exhausts contribute to acid rain more so
than power stations burning coal.

20. Renewable Energy Sources

21. Renewable energy
Solar power
Biomass power
Geothermal power
Water power
Wind power

22. SOLAR ENERGY

23. 23
Solar
Energy
• Solar energy comes from the light of the sun,
which means it is a renewable source of
energy. We can use the sun light to create free
electricity .
• Solar energy is best suited for sunny places to
be able to save enough to ever pay off the
equipment investment
Other possible locations might be where utility
power isn’t available.

24. Solar Energy Systems Decomposition
Collect & Distribute
Energy
Store EnergyRegulate EnergyCollect Energy
Use EnergyDistribute EnergyControl Energy
Store EnergyRegulate Energy
Start

25. Solar Energy on Earth
 Energy from our sun (1366 W/m^2) is
filtered through the atmosphere and is
received at the surface at ~1000 watts per
square meter or less.
 Air, clouds, and haze reduce the received
surface energy
 Capture is from heat (thermal energy) and
by photovoltaic cells yielding direct
electrical energy.

26. • Solar cells (or photocells) turn light energy from the
Sun directly into direct current electricity.
• Manufacturing solar cells is very expensive and
requires the use of high techniques. However, once
the solar cell is built it produces, no pollution and
requires little maintenance.
• This makes solar cells
ideal for use in remote
locations where
maintenance is difficult
and other sources of
electricity would be
expensive.
Solar cells
© NASA/NREL

27. 27

28. Solar power stations use the energy from the sun to heat
water to make steam, which is then used to drive a turbine.
Some solar power
stations use a series
of mirrors called
heliostats to reflect
light onto a boiler.
This solar power
station in California
consists of about
1800 heliostats, with
an electrical output
of 10 megawatts.
Solar power stations
© Sandia National Laboratory/NREL

29. • Solar cells suffer from a low efficiency. This is because only
light with enough energy causes an electron to be released
which is only about 25% of all sunlight.
• The amount of electricity a
solar panel can produce
depends highly on two
factors: its surface area and
the light intensity.
• Producing enough
electricity to power a
town would require a
very large area of
solar panels but
covering the roof of a
house can meet the
annual electricity
Efficiency of a solar cell

30. Solar cells can be used very
effectively in the right situation.
The robust nature of solar panels
can be exploited in remote areas
where maintenance is difficult.
The Dangling Rope Marina on
Lake Powell in Utah, USA, is only
accessible by water. It previously
depended on more than 246,000
litres of diesel to fuel its generators.
A photovoltaic energy system has
now been installed. It will reduce
the cost of providing electricity and
is clean, quiet and dependable.
Effective use of solar
ells
© Warren Gretz/NREL
© Sandia National Laboratory/NREL

31. Solar cells are very useful
for remote locations where
supplying mains electricity
would be expensive.
This solar-powered street
light is in a remote part of a
city with no mains electricity
supply close by.
The use of solar power in
this way removes the need
to lay electricity cables to the
light, which is another
benefit to the environment.
Effective use of solar cells

32. Effective use of solar cells
Solar cells are very useful
where the light intensity is
highest.
These solar panels are in
a remote part of
Morocco where they are
used by a local utility
company.
Solar cells are also useful
where low amounts of power
are needed.
© Courtesy of BP Solarex/NREL

33. • Solar power stations are most
effectively located in areas with
high light intensity.
• This test design is located in
Arizona where the sunlight is
intense and the air
temperature is high.
The mirrors must track the
Sun as it moves across the sky
to be efficient as possible.
Effective use of solar power
stations
© Bill Timmerman/NREL

34. Some solar power stations
use curved mirrors which
focus the Sun’s energy onto
pipes containing water. This
heats the water forming
steam.
More solar power stations
© Warren Gretz/NREL
© Warren Gretz/NREL

35. kuraymat Egypt s First solar – thermal
Station

36. Conclusion
 Fossil-fuel energy will deplete in the future; it
took millions of years to create that much fuel.
 Increasing oil, gas, and coal prices will ensure
that the transition to renewable energy will
occur.
 Renewable energy emits no pollution or carbon
dioxide (although the building of the energy
conversion components does)
 Renewable energy will eventually become
mandatory, and our lifestyles will have to
change to adapt
 The transition to increased renewable energy

37. 080101
Thank you!

38. Questions ??????