Renewable energy

1. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
Jamshoro, Pakistan
Chemical Engineering Department
RENEWABLE
AND
NON-RENEWABLE
ENERGY
PresentedBy: Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
Date: 02Nov2019

2. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
ENERGY:
Energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform
work on, orto heat, the object.
Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be
converted in form, but not created or destroyed.
Itmay exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, orother various forms.
There are, moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the processoftransfer from one bodyto
another.
All forms of energy are associated with motion. For example, any given body has kinetic
energy if it is in motion. Atensioned device such as a bow orspring, though at rest, has the
potential for creating motion; it contains potential energy because ofits configuration.
TYPES OF ENERGY
I. Kinetic energy
II. Potential energy
FORMS OF ENERGY
Fuels are the source of energy. Fuel have stored energy.
I. Solid fuel
II. Liquid fuel
III. Gaseous fuel
ENERGYSOURCES
Energy is available in different forms, it’s utilized and used for other purposebased
on its nature.
Energy sources are divided into two category.
I. Natural sources of energy
II. Synthesis sources/ derived forms of energy
Energy is the fuel for any work or heat. Without energy we cannot get output of any
system.

3. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
NATURAL SOURCES
Natural Sources in Solid Form:
Wood, Coal, Biomass
Natural sources in liquid form:
Crude Oil
Natural sources in gaseousform:
Natural gas
Synthesis or derived sources
Solid forms:
Coke, Charcoal
Liquid forms:
Diesel, Gasoline, Kerosene, Lubricants, etc.
Gaseousforms:
Coal Gas, CNG, LPG, LNG etc.

4. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy
RENEWABLE ENERGY:
The energy which cannotbe exhaust. Energy which is Eco-Friendly, less greenhouse
emission.
The form of energy which cannot occurin chemical reaction. The energy transferred
into another form but the composition of the sourceis same before intake and after
exhaust.
Energy which is recovered after process.
Some examples;
Wind, Hydropower, Solar.
Energy intake in or pass through the system or turbines it cannot change in chemical
composition.
We are using water for energy generating, hydro turbines.
As the water flows through the turbine it rotates the turbine’s impeller, impeller
connected to the shaft dueto rotating the mechanical energy converted into electrical
energy.
Let’s have below diagram defines;

5. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
In reservoir the water has stored/potential energy, as it flows from the certain height
it converts into kinetic energy as more height the more kinetic energy produced in
water, water’s kinetic energy rotates the turbine it produced mechanical energy.
That means the kinetic energy of the water changes into turbines mechanical energy
and then the mechanical energy converts into electrical energy.
At the turbine suction water has more kinetic energy it gives to the turbine, on the
discharge water losses its kinetic energy well it flows slowly, due to turbine blades
resist.
There is no any chemical reaction exhaustion of water as we used it as fuel energy.
So we can say that it’s Eco-friendly.
Now the same mechanics as for wind turbine.
Air intake from one side the other side same Air outs. No chemical reaction takes
place b/w Air and Vanes.
Wind Power rotates the blades due to rotation Mechanical Energy generated and
then into Electrical Energy.
This mechanism not have any exhaustion system. Wind is recovered.
Forthe Solar Energy the energy is not recovered. As it falls on the Solar panels heat
energy is stored and converted into electrical ones. We cannot recover it as it
converted into other form.

6. © Mujeeb-UR-Rahman
As the above system the energy is discharged have same chemical and physical
properties as it’s before.
My arguments for solar energy it is not renewable energy.
On the other hand the renewable is the energy which have unlimited sources. But we
have God gifted minerals. The natural sources cannot be ends.
Well all the Primary/Natural sources are unlimited.
As I already mentioned the energy which have no exhaustion is the renewable
energy.
Same as Solar energy has no any exhaustion, so is this renewable energy or non-
renewable energy or any other thing?
These are the direct form of the energy they require no any ignition or activation
energy to give output.
Non-Renewable Energy