Relative clauses
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The document discusses two types of relative clauses: defining and non-defining. Defining relative clauses provide essential information to the sentence and have no commas. Non-defining clauses provide non-essential information and are set off by commas. It provides examples of defining clauses using pronouns like who, which, that, where, when and whose. Non-defining clauses also use these same pronouns but are between commas. The document also briefly mentions other aspects like using an infinitive instead of a relative clause and emphasizing the subject of a relative clause.
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Media evaluation question 5
The document discusses how the filmmaker addressed and attracted their target audience during production of a horror film sequence. Based on audience research, the characters were portrayed as working to middle class by using casual clothes and regional accents. Younger audiences prefer horror more, so the filmmaker included hip hop/R&B music and conventional horror sound effects to attract them. Character details and sounds were tweaked based on feedback that working to middle class viewers and teenagers most enjoy the horror genre.
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The document summarizes feedback received on various media projects from audiences and teachers.
1. Feedback on a film trailer noted that the music in the latter part of the trailer did not fit the horror genre and suggested finding more sinister music.
2. Feedback on a magazine suggested adding more content details, inclusion of prizes and contests, and changing the front cover image to better represent conventions.
3. Feedback on re-editing the film trailer emphasized capturing audience attention at the start, using establishing shots, and showing character development throughout.
4. The main feedback across all media was that the music in the trailers did not match the intended themes, highlighting the need to reconsider music choices for a better quality final
Question 4
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1) The shot introduces a mysterious character in a thriller-like way, with a close-up and lack of background or lighting to hide their identity.
2) The character's identity is completely concealed, breaking a thriller convention by having a young villain rather than an older one.
3) Production companies fund films in exchange for owning the rights, and their logos appear before the director and cast in film credits. Small independent films are initially released at festivals.
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The document summarizes Maisee Bloors and Tom Medhurst's response to feedback on their movie pitch. Their pitch was successful because they showed they would use a variety of assets like location photos and film theories. Peers said the pitch was informative, concise, and focused on the film planning process while providing examples. Issues raised included lack of parent parallels, wrong main actor, and an unhappy ending. To address issues, they changed the ending to show growing bonds and added scenes for character reasons and plot context. They need to add more character development scenes and ensure actors fit stereotypes.
Our response to other’s comments
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Asssignment 10
This document summarizes several films and their opening title sequences. It analyzes whether the OTS is linear, non-linear, or symbolic and notes interesting or effective elements. Films discussed include True Detective, The Conjuring, The Last of Us, Evil Dead, Bad Santa, Silent Hill, The Walking Dead, Zombieland, The Thing, The Fall, and Dexter. For Dexter, it notes the OTS is linear and subtly references the main character as a serial killer, establishing the psychological subgenre and Miami setting. It explores how the OTS challenges conventions and represents the main character as a normal man to contrast his true nature.
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This is what our peers said about our pitch and other comments we also made on our pitch. It also shows how we plan to resolve these issues.
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3) The filmmakers researched their ideas by getting feedback from people in the target age groups.
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Relative clauses
There are two types of relative clauses: defining and non-defining. Defining clauses provide essential information about a noun and are not set off by commas. Non-defining clauses provide extra information about a noun and are set off by commas. Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses and do not change form based on number or gender of the noun. Subject pronouns are used when the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, while object pronouns can be omitted in defining clauses. Relative adverbs like "where" can replace a relative pronoun and preposition.
Ll int8.2 defining non-def relative clauses
The document discusses relative clauses, which are dependent clauses that provide additional information about a noun. It defines defining and non-defining relative clauses and explains that relative clauses contain a relative pronoun like who, which, that, whose, when or where. It provides examples of different types of relative clauses and how they are used to modify nouns. It also discusses omitting relative pronouns and using commas in relative clauses.
Relative clauses
Este documento explica las oraciones de relativo en inglés. Presenta los pronombres relativos como who, which, that, whose, when y where y explica su uso con personas y objetos. Distingue entre oraciones de relativo especificativas y explicativas. Las especificativas son necesarias para definir el antecedente, mientras que las explicativas proporcionan información adicional y van entre comas.
Subject And Object Questions
Questions can take different forms depending on whether the question word is the subject or object. For subject questions, the question word is the subject and no auxiliary verb is needed, instead using the simple present or past form. For object questions, the question word comes first followed by the auxiliary verb and subject, with the main verb in infinitive form. Yes/no questions omit the question word and just use the auxiliary or modal verb and subject.
Relative clauses
This document discusses defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the subject or object of the main clause. Non-defining clauses provide extra information and are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. Relative pronouns like who, which, and that introduce relative clauses and their usage depends on whether the clause is defining or non-defining. The document also covers reduced relative clauses and the use of what in relative clauses.
New English course grammar in context
The document provides a list of contents for a pre-intermediate grammar book. It includes lessons on daily routines, family descriptions, relative clauses, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, prepositions of place and time, and future forms going to and will. The first lesson is on "Talking About You" and introduces common questions to get to know someone like what they study, where they come from, their family, pets, English experience, hobbies and favorite books/movies. Subsequent lessons cover specific grammar points and include exercises to practice.
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The primary audience for the horror movie "The Descent" would be teenage girls aged 15-25, along with goths and emos, as they enjoy the genre. Secondary viewers would be middle-aged men 35-45 attracted to the young female leads. A third group consists of extreme sports fans interested in the caving scenes, classified as socioeconomic classes C1 and C2.
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Evaluation Part 4 and 5: Audience Identification and Appeal
1) The target audience for the film is professional office workers aged 13-18 years old and white males in Europe aged 23-35 years old who have just finished university.
2) Secondary audiences include university educated men looking for a mental challenge.
3) The filmmakers researched their ideas by getting feedback from people in the target age groups.
4) They aimed to appeal to the audience by including mystery codes, different lighting to denote different characters, and an earthquake effect to keep the audience engaged.
Survey results
From a survey of 11 people:
- The most popular age group was 15+, as many horror films now rated 15, broadening the audience age range. In the past, horror films were strictly rated 18+.
- The most preferred genre was horror, then comedy and action. Horror films are exciting for teenagers as they involve suspense, thriller and mystery.
- When asked what's important for a good film opening, people said context, then cast, director, and special effects. The plot/context is most important to engage audiences and get them to watch, regardless of budget or celebrity involvement.
- Soundtracks are also very important, especially for horror films. Background music and sound effects set the scene
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The document discusses the potential audiences for a media project. The project is a psychological thriller with no graphic scenes, allowing for a lower age rating and broader audience. The primary audiences would be teenagers due to having a teenage main character, and those interested in thrillers, especially psychological thrillers. User ratings for films like "You're Next", "Secret Window", and "Insidious" that influenced aspects of the project showed popularity among those under 18, particularly males for the plot of "You're Next" and females for the location of "Secret Window". Therefore, the conclusion is that the main target audience for the thriller should be both males and females under 18.
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This document discusses horror movie box office trends from 2007-2014 based on screenshots of data. It finds that the 2007 horror movie box office was the peak, likely due to the popularity of films like "I Am Legend" and multiple horror film releases that year driving up ticket sales. The success of "I Am Legend" demonstrated the influence of a big-name actor (Will Smith) and major studio (Warner Brothers) on a film's performance. By 2014, horror ticket sales had declined significantly, possibly because fewer horror films were released that year or audiences were attracted to other popular non-horror movie genres. Even in low-grossing years for horror, top studios like Warner Brothers tended to perform well and have the
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Codes and conventions of films
This document discusses the codes and conventions of thriller films. It defines codes as symbolic or technical signs that create meaning, and conventions as common themes and events within a genre. The document then provides details on some typical codes and conventions in thriller films, including protagonists facing problems or dangers, the use of tension and suspense, and cinematography techniques like shot types and lighting/music to build tension. Common thriller conventions mentioned are quick cuts, shadows, camera angles, acting, makeup, costumes, and engaging music/soundtracks. The document aims to inform the reader's understanding of thriller films to help in creating an opening sequence for a thriller film project.
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The document discusses how the filmmakers attracted and addressed their target audience of 12-18 year olds for their thriller film "Imperceptible". They analyzed a similar film called "Taken" to understand appropriate content and intensity. They chose subtle, intense music that built tension without being cheesy. The unique element was that the kidnapper's victims knew each other slightly, creating mystery around his motives. Social media was key to engagement, with polls to name the film and updates on production allowing audience involvement.
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This document outlines the production timeline, narrative, and key details for a short film exploring the seven deadly sins. It includes a list of shots involving characters like a little girl on a swing, a creepy man with a weapon, and a screaming mother. It also notes considerations like the role allocation of actors, potential locations like a park and alleyway, and possible soundtrack music.
Audience research
The target audience for thriller films is diverse but certain subgenres appeal more to certain demographics. Urban thrillers attract young teenagers who relate to the characters, while horror films skew a bit younger and more female. The age of characters can also draw in certain audiences. Audiences generally like thrillers for their exciting scenes and because they create suspense and tension through elements of the soundtrack, setting, lighting, and location. For a film trailer, the target audience is ages 15 and up since it contains violent scenes and strong language only appropriate for teenagers.
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Evaluation Part 4 and 5: Audience Identification and Appeal
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Relative clauses
There are two types of relative clauses: defining and non-defining. Defining clauses provide essential information about a noun and are not set off by commas. Non-defining clauses provide extra information about a noun and are set off by commas. Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses and do not change form based on number or gender of the noun. Subject pronouns are used when the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, while object pronouns can be omitted in defining clauses. Relative adverbs like "where" can replace a relative pronoun and preposition.
Ll int8.2 defining non-def relative clauses
The document discusses relative clauses, which are dependent clauses that provide additional information about a noun. It defines defining and non-defining relative clauses and explains that relative clauses contain a relative pronoun like who, which, that, whose, when or where. It provides examples of different types of relative clauses and how they are used to modify nouns. It also discusses omitting relative pronouns and using commas in relative clauses.
Relative clauses
Este documento explica las oraciones de relativo en inglés. Presenta los pronombres relativos como who, which, that, whose, when y where y explica su uso con personas y objetos. Distingue entre oraciones de relativo especificativas y explicativas. Las especificativas son necesarias para definir el antecedente, mientras que las explicativas proporcionan información adicional y van entre comas.
Subject And Object Questions
Questions can take different forms depending on whether the question word is the subject or object. For subject questions, the question word is the subject and no auxiliary verb is needed, instead using the simple present or past form. For object questions, the question word comes first followed by the auxiliary verb and subject, with the main verb in infinitive form. Yes/no questions omit the question word and just use the auxiliary or modal verb and subject.
Relative clauses
This document discusses defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the subject or object of the main clause. Non-defining clauses provide extra information and are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. Relative pronouns like who, which, and that introduce relative clauses and their usage depends on whether the clause is defining or non-defining. The document also covers reduced relative clauses and the use of what in relative clauses.
New English course grammar in context
The document provides a list of contents for a pre-intermediate grammar book. It includes lessons on daily routines, family descriptions, relative clauses, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, prepositions of place and time, and future forms going to and will. The first lesson is on "Talking About You" and introduces common questions to get to know someone like what they study, where they come from, their family, pets, English experience, hobbies and favorite books/movies. Subsequent lessons cover specific grammar points and include exercises to practice.
Non Defining Clauses
This document defines and compares defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses provide essential information about a noun, while non-defining clauses provide extra, non-essential information between commas. Defining clauses do not use commas and allow the word "that", while non-defining clauses require commas and do not allow "that". Common relative pronouns include who, which, whose, when, and where, with who referring to people and which referring to things. Examples are provided to illustrate the differences.
Relative clauses
A power point to revise the use of relative pronouns.Denining and non-defining relative clauses. Suitable for pre.intermediate.
RELATIVE CLAUSES
There are two types of relative clauses:
1) Defining relative clauses (DR) provide essential information to identify the noun.
2) Non-defining relative clauses (NDR) provide non-essential information about the noun.
DR clauses use pronouns like who and that, while NDR clauses can also use which. Relative pronouns like who, which, whose, what, why, when and where are used in both types of clauses to link information back to the noun. Prepositions are typically placed at the end of clauses, though some styles place them before the pronoun.
Relative Pronouns Game With Instructions
Aim: To practice the use of relative clauses (who, which, that, when and where)
Interaction: Individually or in groups
Exercise type: Filling in the gaps
Language: B1
Time: 10-15 minutes
Materials: Slideshow, 5 pieces of paper for each student, markers
Procedure: 1. Give each student 5 pieces of paper.
2. Instruct the students to write down a different relative pronoun (that, who, which, when or where) on each of the 5 pieces of paper that they have. Recommend the students to use colorful markers and write in big letters that are visible from a distance.
3. You will be showing your students slides with sentences on them. Each sentence is missing a relative pronoun.
4. Display the slide with the first sentence on it. Allow some time for your students to read the sentence and to come up with a missing relative pronoun. The students need to raise the paper with a suitable relative pronoun up in the air as soon as possible.
5. In some cases two variants are possible. If this is the case, the students need to raise two pieces of paper.
6. The first three students to raise correct papers get an extra point.
7. The person with the top score at the end of the game wins!
Present and Past Modals of Deduction with Sherlock Holmes
For Intermediate EFL students. Look at the presentation and practice present and past deductions using appropriate modal verbs.
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3. The exercises focus on practicing correct use of gerund and infinitive verb forms in sentences.
Gerundorinfinitive
This document discusses the use of gerunds (-ing form) and infinitives (to + verb) after certain verbs in English. It provides lists of verbs that can be followed by gerunds or infinitives and explains the differences. Verbs after prepositions or as subjects generally take gerunds, while verbs of perception or referring to something specific usually take infinitives. Some verbs like remember, forget, and try can take both but with subtle differences in meaning.
Healthy recipes
The document provides instructions for a school project to create a 4-6 minute video, working in pairs, with new healthy recipes and suggestions for the "HealthyRecipes" project. Students are asked to involve family members to help with cooking if needed and to include different food ingredients, cooking verbs, and adjectives to describe food in the video. The video is due to the teacher by February 6th and will be assessed on content, pronunciation, accuracy, attractiveness, and creativity/originality, counting as 10% of the students' marks.
Modal verbs
The document discusses modal verbs and their main features. Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive form of another verb without "to", don't take verb endings, and are never used with other auxiliary verbs. They are used to express ability, obligation, prohibition, certainty, possibility, advice, lack of obligation, and impossibility. The modal perfect tense is used to talk about past alternative actions, past certainties, past possibilities, past impossibilities, and past criticisms.
Reported speech
The document discusses how to report speech accurately in reported or indirect speech by making necessary changes to tense, time, place and structure. It explains that the tense of the main verb needs to be changed by one step into the past, except in certain cases like when the original verb is in past perfect tense or contains modal verbs. It also discusses how to change time and place expressions appropriately in reported speech. Finally, it covers different reporting verbs and structures that can be used as well as how to report questions in indirect speech.
Reported speech
The document discusses how to report speech accurately in reported or indirect speech. It explains that tense, time, and place expressions change in reported speech and provides examples. It also covers reporting verbs and structures used to report speech, such as "tell," "say," and verbs followed by an infinitive or gerund. The document concludes with guidelines for reporting questions in indirect speech, such as changing word order.
Relative clauses
The document discusses two types of relative clauses: defining and non-defining. Defining relative clauses provide essential information to the sentence and have no commas. Non-defining clauses provide non-essential information through clauses separated by commas. It also lists the defining and non-defining relative pronouns that can be used such as who, which, that, where, when and whose. The document concludes with some other aspects of relative clauses such as using an infinitive instead of a relative clause and emphasizing the subject of a relative clause.
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Relative clauses
- 1. Relative Clauses DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES NON- DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES OTHER ASPECTS
- 2. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES They DEFINE (essential information) the place, person or object the speaker is referring to. Without them the sentence will be incomplete MAIN FEATURES: There are no commas The relative pronoun may be omitted when it is the object of the relative clause. ex: I didn’t like the game (which) he lent me.
- 3. DEFINING RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHO = PEOPLE WHICH = THINGS THAT= PEOPLE AND THINGS WHERE = PLACE WHEN = TIME WHOSE= POSSESSION WHOM = PEOPLE (as an object) Example: The sales assistant (who) I talked to was very nice More formal: The sales assistant TO WHOM I talked to was very nice
- 4. NON- DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES They provide MORE INFORMATION (non-essential) than is given in the main clause. MAIN FEATURES: Between commas The relative pronoun cannot be omitted Example: Brad Pitt, who is an American actor, has starred in many films.
- 5. NON- DEFINING RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHO = PEOPLE WHICH = THINGS THAT= PEOPLE AND THINGS WHERE = PLACE WHEN = TIME WHOSE= POSSESSION WHOM = PEOPLE (as an object)
- 6. OTHER ASPECTS OF RELATIVE CLAUSES An INFINITIVE can be used instead of a relative clause after the first, the second, etc… Example: I WAS THE ONLY STUDENTS TO PASS THE EXAM( I was the only student who passed the exam) To EMPHASISE the subject of the relative clause we use the structure: It is/ was + noun+ relative clause Example: It is always Rob who pays the drinks