This document discusses reinforced concrete and its properties. It explains that concrete is weaker in tension than compression, while steel has high tensile strength and bonds well with concrete. When combined, they form reinforced concrete which is strong and durable. The steel carries tensile forces while the concrete resists compression. Proper placement of reinforcement during construction is important for bond. Methods of bending, tying, and installing rebar are also outlined.

1. POLITEKNIK SULTAN SALAHUDDIN
ABDUL AZIZ SHAH
SHAH ALAM
CC203 CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY
ASSIGNMENT

2. REINFORCEMENT
Concrete is about 90%
weaker in tension than it
is in compression
Steel has high tensile strength,
has the same thermal expansion
as concrete, and bonds well with
concrete

3. REINFORCED CONCRETE
• Reinforced concrete is a strong
durable building material that can
be formed into many varied shapes
and sizes.
• Its utility and versatility are achieved
by combining the best features of
concrete and steel.

4. PROPERTIES OF
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
• The tensile strength is only about 10 per cent of the compressive
strength.
• Reinforced concrete structures are designed on the assumption
that the concrete does not resist any tensile forces.
• Reinforcement is designed to carry these tensile forces, which
are transferred by bond between the interface of the two
materials.
• If this bond is not adequate, the reinforcing bars will just slip
within the concrete and there will not be a composite action.
• Concrete must be well compacted around the reinforcement
during construction.
• In addition, some bars are ribbed or twisted so that there is an
extra mechanical grip.

5. • High strength.
• High tensile strain.
• Good bond to the concrete.
• Thermal compatibility.
• Durability in the concrete environment.

6. THE POSITION OF
REINFORCEMENT BAR
 Bending of reinforcing bar process done after finish the cutting
work.
 Use bar bending table.
 Table must be enough length for place the reinforcing bar.
 If the bar is too length, hence two bar bending table must be use.
 The bar must be bend slowly to avoid capillary crack
 For the bar with the large diameter can be heat
 The bar must be bend slowly to avoid capillary crack
 For the bar with the large diameter can be heat.

7. BENDING METHOD FOR REINFORCED BAR
 The work of bending reinforcement bars is carried out after cutting jobs
 Its uses a hand bending tool which is placed on the table.
 Tables must be long enough to put a long bar reinforcement.
 If the bar is too long, then the two bending devices are used.
 Bar bending is done slowly to avoid capillary cracking.
 For large diameter bars, it should be heated first.
 For the high yield bar, it cannot be heated before bending.

8. METHOD OF SORTING, TIE SPACING
AND STEEL INSTALLATION



After the cutting bar, tie bar work fine with the wire.
It purposes for avoid movement, especially when the
concreting work in progress.
The wire bonding used a diameter of 0.8mm to 1.6mm.

9. CONNECTION METHOD
 Lap joint
 Butt joint
 Fillet joint

10. CONNECTION FOR POLE :
THE BEST OF CONNECTION TO BE MADE IN 1/3 THE HEIGHT
OF THE PILE.
CONNECTION OF BEAM :
THE CONNECTION OF BEAM SHOULD BE FORMED ¼ DISTANCE BEAM FROM BOTH END.
MOORINGS :
OCCURS WHEN CONNECTING BUILD TWO SECTIONS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE
WHICH BAR IS SERVED IN THE OTHER.
EXAMPLE ; BETWEEN THE PILLARS AND BEAM OR BETWEEN THE BASE OF THE
COLUMN.

11. TYPE OF
REINFORCEMENT
• Reinforcement bar
i.
mild steel round bar
ii.
High tensile deformed bar
iii.
High yield deformed bar
• Reinforced steel mesh
i.
Hexagonal wire mesh
ii.
Welded wire mesh
iii.
framework

12. RELATE THE BINDING SPACING IN
REINFORCEMENT INSTALLATION
• Reinforcement was installed according to engineering drawing that are
attached to a building
• It is important to ensure that the reinforcement has concrete cover
• Steel is bound with gauge iron faster 16 or 18
• This iron fasteners are used for stabilize and facilitate the placement of the
reinforcement wire
• In the CP 110, we can know the requirement in the design of reinforcement
structure
• All bending shall be made in accordance with engineering drawing
tolerance is 25%

13. • 
The sorting and spacing reinforcement :
• o
Reinforcement shall be placed in the point where the maximum stress is
located such as below the structure surface.
• o
This is because the inclusion of reinforcement can be lead a bar to rust
and this will weaken the bond with concrete.
• o
The distance from the concrete surface to reinforcement (known as
“concrete cover”) is between 15mm to 40mm.