Presentation on Regenerative braking system.
Introduction to Regenerative braking system
Basic idea of regenerative brakes works?
Basic elements of the Regenerative braking system,
Applications of Regenerative braking system,
Advantages of Regenerative braking system,
Disadvantages of Regenerative braking system,
Conclusion
Presentation for Engineering Project on Regenerative braking system.
Presentation by: Sushant Patil.
This ppt is on regenerative braking in electric vehicle.Electric vehicles, or EVs for short, are becoming more and more popular as an alternative to traditional gasoline-powered cars. These cars are powered by an electric motor that is run on electricity stored in rechargeable batteries, rather than by burning fossil fuels. The batteries are typically lithium-ion, which is the same type of battery found in smartphones and laptops.
The first electric cars were developed in the mid-19th century, but it wasn't until the late 20th century that they began to be developed on a larger scale. The biggest factor driving the development of EVs has been concern over the environmental impact of gasoline-powered vehicles. While gasoline-powered cars produce emissions such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions, meaning that they do not contribute to air pollution.
There are two main types of electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). BEVs run entirely on electricity and have no gasoline engine, while PHEVs have both an electric motor and a gasoline engine, allowing them to run on electricity for short distances before switching to gasoline for longer trips.
The biggest advantage of electric vehicles is their environmental impact. By producing zero tailpipe emissions, EVs help to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. This is especially important as the transportation sector is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions globally. EVs also reduce dependence on oil and can help to stabilize fuel prices.
Another advantage of electric vehicles is their lower operating costs. While the upfront cost of an electric vehicle is typically higher than a gasoline-powered car, the cost of fueling and maintaining an EV is lower. Electricity is cheaper than gasoline, and EVs require less maintenance than traditional cars because they have fewer moving parts.
One of the biggest challenges facing electric vehicles is range anxiety. Unlike gasoline-powered cars, which can be refueled in a matter of minutes, electric vehicles require charging, which can take hours. This means that drivers must carefully plan their trips to ensure that they have enough charge to get to their destination. However, advances in battery technology are making it possible for EVs to travel further on a single charge, reducing range anxiety.
Another challenge facing electric vehicles is the availability of charging infrastructure. While gasoline stations are ubiquitous, charging stations are still relatively rare, especially in rural areas. However, governments and private companies are working to install more charging stations to make it easier for EV drivers to charge their cars.
Despite these challenges, the popularity of electric vehicles is increasing rapidly.
This presentation describes the complete working of flywheel based Kinetic Energy recovery system. It is used in racing cars like F1 and other racing cars.
Cooperative Control Of Drive Motor And Clutch For Gear Shift Of Hybrid Electr...MOHAMMED SAHAD
This focuses on the cooperative control of the drive motor and clutches for the gear shift of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) with dual-clutch transmission (DCT). To achieve outstanding gear shift performance, a HEV with DCT powertrain requires sophisticated control of two clutch actuators and power sources. To improve shift quality, a new shift control strategy based on feedback of both speed and torque states is implemented in this slide.
Presentation on Regenerative braking system.
Introduction to Regenerative braking system
Basic idea of regenerative brakes works?
Basic elements of the Regenerative braking system,
Applications of Regenerative braking system,
Advantages of Regenerative braking system,
Disadvantages of Regenerative braking system,
Conclusion
Presentation for Engineering Project on Regenerative braking system.
Presentation by: Sushant Patil.
This ppt is on regenerative braking in electric vehicle.Electric vehicles, or EVs for short, are becoming more and more popular as an alternative to traditional gasoline-powered cars. These cars are powered by an electric motor that is run on electricity stored in rechargeable batteries, rather than by burning fossil fuels. The batteries are typically lithium-ion, which is the same type of battery found in smartphones and laptops.
The first electric cars were developed in the mid-19th century, but it wasn't until the late 20th century that they began to be developed on a larger scale. The biggest factor driving the development of EVs has been concern over the environmental impact of gasoline-powered vehicles. While gasoline-powered cars produce emissions such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, EVs produce zero tailpipe emissions, meaning that they do not contribute to air pollution.
There are two main types of electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). BEVs run entirely on electricity and have no gasoline engine, while PHEVs have both an electric motor and a gasoline engine, allowing them to run on electricity for short distances before switching to gasoline for longer trips.
The biggest advantage of electric vehicles is their environmental impact. By producing zero tailpipe emissions, EVs help to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. This is especially important as the transportation sector is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions globally. EVs also reduce dependence on oil and can help to stabilize fuel prices.
Another advantage of electric vehicles is their lower operating costs. While the upfront cost of an electric vehicle is typically higher than a gasoline-powered car, the cost of fueling and maintaining an EV is lower. Electricity is cheaper than gasoline, and EVs require less maintenance than traditional cars because they have fewer moving parts.
One of the biggest challenges facing electric vehicles is range anxiety. Unlike gasoline-powered cars, which can be refueled in a matter of minutes, electric vehicles require charging, which can take hours. This means that drivers must carefully plan their trips to ensure that they have enough charge to get to their destination. However, advances in battery technology are making it possible for EVs to travel further on a single charge, reducing range anxiety.
Another challenge facing electric vehicles is the availability of charging infrastructure. While gasoline stations are ubiquitous, charging stations are still relatively rare, especially in rural areas. However, governments and private companies are working to install more charging stations to make it easier for EV drivers to charge their cars.
Despite these challenges, the popularity of electric vehicles is increasing rapidly.
This presentation describes the complete working of flywheel based Kinetic Energy recovery system. It is used in racing cars like F1 and other racing cars.
Cooperative Control Of Drive Motor And Clutch For Gear Shift Of Hybrid Electr...MOHAMMED SAHAD
This focuses on the cooperative control of the drive motor and clutches for the gear shift of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) with dual-clutch transmission (DCT). To achieve outstanding gear shift performance, a HEV with DCT powertrain requires sophisticated control of two clutch actuators and power sources. To improve shift quality, a new shift control strategy based on feedback of both speed and torque states is implemented in this slide.
The basic knowledge about power steering's have been illustrated with animations. Why do we need it and how to improve the steering system has change the automobile industry.
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Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
The basic knowledge about power steering's have been illustrated with animations. Why do we need it and how to improve the steering system has change the automobile industry.
This is mechanical engineering presentation on power steering system. In this presentation i describe basics of power steering and their history. I hope it will help you for your engineering and you can understand better about mechanical engineering.
The Brake-by-wire system has been seen in the various conventional vehicles and in modern cars. If you want to learn more about automotive technology and repair, electric technician school is a destination you must consider.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
1. Regenerative Braking System
in Electrical Vehicles
Submitted by
Madhavan J
19TC0316
1
RAJIV GANDHI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Kirumampakkam, Puducherry.
2. Introduction
• Moving vehicles have a lot of kinetic energy, and when brakes are
applied to slow a vehicle, all of that kinetic energy has to go
somewhere.
• In Conventional Braking System that energy is wasted in form of
heat energy due to the friction.
• Regenerative Braking System is a technology through which we
can reuse that wasted energy.
• That is, the kinetic energy of the running vehicle is converted into
electrical energy.
Kinetic Energy of
Running Vehicle
Electrical Energy
2
3. Why Regenerative Braking?
• To understand that why we need a regenerative braking system, we
have to look into the FTP-75 Driving Cycle.
• The Federal Test Procedure, commonly known as FTP-75 for the
city driving cycle, are a series of tests defined by the US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to measure tailpipe
emissions and fuel economy of passenger vehicles
• FTP-75 cycle is represented by two parameters,
⁃ Time (x-axis)
⁃ Speed (y-axis)
3
4. • Percentage of Braking energy to total energy is approximately 40%
for this drive cycle.
• By recovering this energy, we can improve the overall efficiency of
the vehicle.
• This can be done using Regenerative Braking System.
4
5. • Working of Regenerative Braking System depends on the speed and
torque of electric motor.
• If the directing of speed and torque of a motor is in same direction,
it takes electrical energy from battery and converts it into
mechanical energy(rotation).
• If the directing of speed and torque of a motor is in different
direction, it takes mechanical energy and converts it into electrical
energy.
• Now, how to know the direction of speed and torque?
How it works?
5
6. • If the stator speed is greater than rotor speed, torque is positive and
its direction of torque is same as direction of speed.
• If the stator speed is less than rotor speed, torque is negative and its
direction of torque is opposite to direction of speed.
6
7. Let’s consider,
Ns - Stator Speed or Synchronous Speed
N - Rotor Speed
• Torque is directly proportional to Slip of the motor.
⁃ If slip is positive, torque is also positive
⁃ If slip is negative, torque is also negative
7
8. • We also use friction brakes to make the speed zero.
• In this system, the motor drives the wheels during acceleration, but
the wheels drive the motor while decelerating.
• This two-way energy flow allows the motor to act as a generator,
resisting the rotation of the wheels and creating electricity to
recharge the vehicle's battery.
8
9. • There are two conditions when regeneration occurs:
1. When the driver applies the brake pedal
2. When the driver releases the accelerator pedal, and the vehicle
is coasting
• In both cases, the system creates electricity to recharge the battery.
Drivers can view this regenerative effect on the vehicle's charging
gauge.
• The amount of electricity the system generates is proportional to
the level of braking force. That means the stronger the braking
force, the greater the electrical current.
• Ultimately, the amount of energy the system captures is dependent
on the vehicle's speed and the duration of brake application.
9
10. • One-pedal driving is possible due to the regenerative braking
systems in electrified cars.
• During the regenerative phase, the magnetic resistance of the
electric motor increases and creates a braking force. This added
friction slows the vehicle down.
• If an emergency stop is necessary during one-pedal driving, the
driver must use the standard hydraulic brakes. No matter the
situation, the driver can always apply the standard brakes to bring
the vehicle to a stop, whether that be for a pedestrian, vehicle, or
any other danger or obstruction on the roadway.
• One-pedal driving is a convenience feature that the driver can
override at any time.
One Pedal Driving
10
11. • Each year, new EV or hybrid models arrive with increasingly
sophisticated regenerative braking systems, improving the amount
of energy these systems can capture.
• In some cases, the latest regenerative braking systems can recover
up to 70% of the kinetic energy otherwise lost during braking.
• Depending on how much an owner drives their vehicle, this can add
up to hundreds of miles of extra electric range throughout the year.
• It reduces trips to the fuel pump for hybrids and lessens the need
for pure EVs to plug into the power grid.
Efficiency
11
12. • Increases the vehicle range.
• Brake pads and rotor may last longer.
• Environmental friendly
• Lower maintenance due to an efficient electric motor.
• Better Performance.
• Reduces the wear and tear of the system.
• Saves money.
Advantages
12
13. • Potentially less stopping power.
• Less effective at lower speeds.
• Brake pedal may feel different.
• It affects the battery lifetime, but can be improved.
• Need a conventional braking system in emergency conditions.
• Although it saves money, it increases the initial cost of the vehicle.
Disadvantages
13
14. • It can be used in Electric cars as well as hybrid cars and IC engine
cars.
• Also can be used in petrol or diesel engine cars.
• It can be used in electric cycles, electric bikes and electric
skateboards.
• It is also used in major new high-speed trains.
• Upcoming all ev cars use the regenerative braking system.
Applications
14
15. • Electric Vehicle integrate various systems to optimize efficiency,
and regenerative braking is a vital component of that overall
equation.
• Besides minimizing energy loss and extending electric range,
regenerative braking systems lengthen brake life due to their low
wear and tear characteristics.
• The benefits of this technology are evident and help make green
vehicles ever more appealing to consumers.
Conclusion
15
16. • wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_braking
• Dr. Tirupathiraju Kanumuri, (2019), “IM41 Regenerative Braking
of Induction Motor [Video]”, YouTube,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnBlXmPsbXg
• Skill-Lync, (2020), “How does Regenerative Braking work?
[Video]”, YouTube,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA32wMdd28g&t=3s
References
16