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RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks
• Why raid?
• Raid techniques .
• Raid levels
- Performance limitation of disk drive
- Improves storage system performance
RAID provides:
Increase capacity
Higher availability
Increased performance
Why Raid ?
- The basic idea of RAID was to combine multiple, inexpensive
disks drive into an array of disk drives which yields performance
exceeding that of a Single, Large Expensive
- this array of drives appear to the as a single logical storage unit or
drive.
It is a technique that combines multiple disk drives into a logical unit (RAID
set) and provides protection, performance, or both.
RAID
RAID Techniques
A
A1 A2 A3
A
A A
A
A1 A2 Ap
RAID Controller RAID Controller RAID Controller
Striping Mirroring Parity
RAID Levels
RAID Levels Definition
RAID 0 Striping with no fault tolerance
RAID 1 Disk mirroring
Nested Combinations of RAID levels; Example: RAID 1 + RAID 0
RAID 3 Parity RAID with dedicated parity disk
RAID 5 Parity RAID with distributed parity across all the disks in the set
RAID 6 Distributed parity RAID with dual parity
RAID 0
RAID Controller
C
B
A
Data from host
Data Disks
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
RAID 1 F
E
D
C
B
A
Data from host
Mirror Set
Mirror Set
A A D D
B B E E
C C F F
RAID Controller
Nested RAID – 1+0
C
B
A
Data from host
Mirror Set C
Mirror Set A Mirror Set B
RAID Controller
A1
B1
C1
A1
B1
C1
A2
B2
C2
A2
B2
C2
A3 A3
B3 B3
C3 C3
Striping
Mirroring Mirroring Mirroring
RAID 3
RAID Controller
C
B
A
Data from host
Data Disks Dedicated Parity Disk
A1 A2 A3 A4 AP
B1 B2 B3 B4 BP
C1 C2 C3 C4 CP
RAID 5
RAID Controller
C
B
A
Data from host
Distributed Parity
A1 A2 A3 A4 AP
B1 B2 B3 BP B4
C1 C2 CP C3 C4
RAID 6
RAID Controller
C
B
A
Data from host
Dual Distributed Parity
A1 A2 A3 AP AQ
B1 B2 BP BQ B3
C1 CP CQ C2 C3

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Raid

  • 1. RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks • Why raid? • Raid techniques . • Raid levels
  • 2. - Performance limitation of disk drive - Improves storage system performance RAID provides: Increase capacity Higher availability Increased performance Why Raid ?
  • 3. - The basic idea of RAID was to combine multiple, inexpensive disks drive into an array of disk drives which yields performance exceeding that of a Single, Large Expensive - this array of drives appear to the as a single logical storage unit or drive. It is a technique that combines multiple disk drives into a logical unit (RAID set) and provides protection, performance, or both. RAID
  • 4. RAID Techniques A A1 A2 A3 A A A A A1 A2 Ap RAID Controller RAID Controller RAID Controller Striping Mirroring Parity
  • 5. RAID Levels RAID Levels Definition RAID 0 Striping with no fault tolerance RAID 1 Disk mirroring Nested Combinations of RAID levels; Example: RAID 1 + RAID 0 RAID 3 Parity RAID with dedicated parity disk RAID 5 Parity RAID with distributed parity across all the disks in the set RAID 6 Distributed parity RAID with dual parity
  • 6. RAID 0 RAID Controller C B A Data from host Data Disks A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
  • 7. RAID 1 F E D C B A Data from host Mirror Set Mirror Set A A D D B B E E C C F F RAID Controller
  • 8. Nested RAID – 1+0 C B A Data from host Mirror Set C Mirror Set A Mirror Set B RAID Controller A1 B1 C1 A1 B1 C1 A2 B2 C2 A2 B2 C2 A3 A3 B3 B3 C3 C3 Striping Mirroring Mirroring Mirroring
  • 9. RAID 3 RAID Controller C B A Data from host Data Disks Dedicated Parity Disk A1 A2 A3 A4 AP B1 B2 B3 B4 BP C1 C2 C3 C4 CP
  • 10. RAID 5 RAID Controller C B A Data from host Distributed Parity A1 A2 A3 A4 AP B1 B2 B3 BP B4 C1 C2 CP C3 C4
  • 11. RAID 6 RAID Controller C B A Data from host Dual Distributed Parity A1 A2 A3 AP AQ B1 B2 BP BQ B3 C1 CP CQ C2 C3