The document describes the concept of a queue in C, which is a linear data structure that operates on a first-in-first-out (FIFO) basis. It provides various real-world examples of queues, such as ticket counters and service points, and presents a simple implementation of a queue using C programming with functions for insertion, deletion, display, and creation of the queue. The code outlines user interactions for queue operations, ensuring understanding of the queue's operational logic.