1. TITLE OF PROJECT: PR 2202 PROJECT ON COSMETICS AND PERFUMES PROUDLY BROUGHT TO YOU BY: PEH XYN YEN LETICIA JOYCE CHANG YAP ZHAO XIU

3. Contents (cont’d) 5. Differences in ingredients, composition and functions 5.1 Used as Detergents 5.2 Used as Surfactants 5.3 Used as Foaming agents 5.4 Used as Buffering agents 5.5 Used as Moisturisers 5.6 Used as Antioxidants 5.7 Used as Preservatives 5.8 Used as Thickening agents. 5.9 Other functions.

4. Contents (cont’d) 6. Ingredients with functions not found. 7. Similarities and differences in Usage instructions 8. Similarities and differences in Cautionary Instructions/warning statements 9. Expiry Dates 10. Batch Reference 11. Product claims 12. Reference

5. Our group has chosen to work on hair shampoo . Since Hair shampoo is a cosmetic product as defined by ASEAN Cosmetic Directive Appendix I: Ilustrative List by Category of Cosmetic Products. In it, a cosmetic product is currently defined as: Any substance or preparation intended to be p laced in contact with the external parts of the human body... or with the teeth and the mucous membranes of the oral cavity with a view exclusively or mainly for cleaning them7, perfuming them8, chan g in g their appearance 9, and/or correctin g body odours 10 and/or protecting 11 or kee p in g them in g ood condition 1. (ASEAN cosmetic directive appendix I, 2008)

7. 2.1 CLEAR MEN SPECIALISED DANDRUFF PROTECTION SHAMPOO

8. 2.2 HERBAL ESSENCE (WITH CAMELLIA OIL)

9. 2.3 FEATHER NATURE PLUS PERFECT CARE SHAMPOO WITH NOURISHING PROTEIN

11. 3. On the Label The following should appear on the label (cont’d). 5. The name and address of the company or person responsible for placing the product on the local market. 6. The contents given by weight or volume, in either metric or both metric and imperial system. 7. The manufacturer’s batch number. 8. The manufacturing or the expiry date of the product in clear terms (e.g. month/year).

12. 3. On the Label The following should appear on the label (cont’d). 9. Special precautions to be observed in use, especially those listed in the column “Conditions of use and warnings which must be printed on the label in Annexes __”, which must appear on the label as well as any special precautionary information on the cosmetic products. Member countries may require specific warnings based on local needs for declaration of ingredients from animal origin. In this case: i. There must be a statement (of any format) on the product label signaling the presence of ingredients of animal origin; ii. For ingredients of bovine or porcine origin, the exact animal must be declared;

13. Therefore, the above products are all present in ALL three products. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Water Sodium Laureth sulfate (SLES) Dimethiconol Sodium Chloride Fragrance/Parfum

14. Ingredients Function Water Water has the largest composite of all three shampoo as it contributes to the fluidity of shampoo. Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLS) A mild surface active agent which provides good flash foam and excellent foam volume. It effectively and completely cleanses hair and scalp without excessive stripping action. Dimethiconol It is a type of silicone that feels like silk on the hair, even when hair is wet. It also makes the hair look shiny and slippery.

15. Ingredients Function Sodium Chloride Sodium chloride is used to thicken the mixture if the main surfactants are sodium lauryl sulfates. Salt can make the shampoo harsh and sting the eyes, so more expensive thickeners are used to keep the salt levels low. Fragrance/ Parfum A combination of synthetic and natural derivation of essential oils and fragrance components to leave hair pleasantly aromatic.

16. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Detergents Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) Sodium Lauryl sulfate (SLS) Tetrasodium EDTA

18. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Surfactant Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) Carbomer TEA-Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts Persea Grattissima (Avocado) oil Laureth-4 Laureth-23 PEG-60 Lanolin

19. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Carbomer, TEA-Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts, Laureth-23, Laureth-4 and PEG-60 Lanolin are surfactants that are wetting agents that lower the surface tension of a liquid, allowing easier spreading. SURFACTANTS- How it works? Dirt is removed by the penetration, emulsifying and dispersive actions of surfactants. The shampoo penetrates into the interface between the dirt and the surfaces to be washed, and weakens its adhesion. As a result, the dirt can be easily removed by physical forces and is taken off by water. The dirt is broken up into fine particles, uniformly dispersed in the water and the surfactant that adsorbed the dirt prevents it from adhering to the hair and scalp again.

20. Ingredients Function Sodium lauryl sulfate An anionic surfactant. Lowers the surface tension of water, making the water spread more easily. Also added to products as a foaming agent. Carbomer A tradename for a synthetic polymer of acrylic acid. Used as emulsion stabilizers or thickening agents in cosmetic products. TEA-Dodecylbenzenesulfonate A moderate surface-active agent to enhance solubility and emulsification properties. Used in conjunction with other major detergent components and helps boost foam volume.

21. Ingredients Function Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts: Surfactant which combines the benefits of a natural oil (avocado) with the functional properties of an alkanolamide surfactant. Laureth-4 Derived from lauryl alcohol and used either as a surfactant or emulsifier (or, in many cases, as both). Laureth-23 Derived from lauryl alcohol and used either as a surfactant or emulsifier (or, in many cases, as both). PEG-60 lanolin An emulsifier which allows ingredients such as oil and water to be mixed together to form stable creams and lotions.

22. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Foaming agent Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Cocamide MEA Ingredients Function Cocamide MEA Acts as a foaming agent , to make the lather. The other surfactants will generate a certain amount of suds, but this foaming agent is added to get the amount just right. Besides its foam stablising effects, Also a viscosity booster.

23. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Buffering agents Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Citric Acid Sodium Citrate

24. Ingredients Function Citric acid Found in citric fruits and is used to adjust the pH of the products to prevent them from being too alkaline. Sodium citrate Sodium citrate act as a typical buffering agent in shampoos. Since the goal is to keep the shampoo slightly acid, the term "pH balanced" is actually a misnomer. We want the balance to be tipped slightly to the acidic side.

25. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Moisturisers Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed extract Glycerin Sunflower oil Tocopherol Propylene Glycol Polyquaterium-10

26. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Moisturisers Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Glycine Soja (soyabean) germ extract Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts Persea Grattissima (Avocado) oil Almond Glycerides Cetearyl Alcohol

27. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Moisturisers Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Centrimonium Chloride Butylene Glycol Myristyl Alcohol/ Benzyl alcohol Bis-isobutyl PEG-15/ Amodimethione Copolymer Cocos Nucifera (coconut oil)

28. The ingredients listed in the tables above act as moisturisers: Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) seed extract Glycerin, Sunflower oil Tocopherol, Prepylene Glycol Polyquaterium-10 Glycerin Soja (soyabean) germ extract Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts Persea Grattissima (Avocado) oil Almond Glycerides Cetearyl Alcohol Centrimonium chloride Butylene Glycol Myristyl Alcohol/ Benzyl alcohol Bis-isobutyl PEG-15/ Amodimethione Copolymer Cocos Nucifera (coconut) oil

29. Ingredients Function Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) seed extract Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) seed extract Glycerin A naturally derived humectant that is believed to penetrate the hair shaft. It softens and swells the shaft to make it more water retentive. Sunflower Oil Non-volatile plant oil used as an emollient in cosmetics. Tocopherol Tocopherol belongs to a class of chemical compounds of which many have vitamin E activity. Vitamin E is known for its antioxidant and moisturizing properties.

30. Ingredients Function Propylene Glycol A moisture carrying ingredient that works by absorbing water from the air. It penetrates the upper layers of the scalp well and leaves hair feeling silky and soft. It also acts as a preservative. Polyquaterium-10 A complex, cationic polymeric conditioning agent derived from wood cellulose. Provides body while it improves curl bounce and adds fullness to the hair. It further improves wet and dry combing, detangling, and imparts sheen, adding a silky feel to the hair. Glycine soja (soyabean) germ extract A superior moisturizing agent that helps soften skin and hair. Soybean oil contains about 60% polyunsaturated fatty acids which allows the hair to repair and regenerate itself when suffering from dryness and excess irritation.

31. Ingredients Function Persea Grattissima (Avocado) fruit extracts It helps prevent dry scalp condition, enhances wet and dry combing, and gives sheen and conditioning to the hair. Persea Grattissima (Avocado) oil It helps prevent dry scalp condition, enhances wet and dry combing, and gives sheen and conditioning to the hair. Almond Glycerides Glycerides are present in natural lipids. As the name suggests, this ingredient is obtained from almond. It gives a moisturizing effect. Cetearyl Alcohol A naturally derived alcohol that provides the creamy consistency of the conditioner and facilitates its application on the hair. Also functions as an additional lubricating and combing aid, helps prevent moisture loss, and adds richness and texture to the conditioner for uniformity of application.

32. Ingredients Function Centrimonium chloride A specialized cationic conditioning ingredient with strong substantively to hair. Provides easy combability while softening the hair fiber and making it more flexible and elastic. Increases fiber lubricity, reduces static electricity, and imparts a soft and natural feel. Butylene Glycol This is a humectant or humidifying and delivery ingredient used in cosmetics. Myristyl Alcohol/ Benzyl Alcohol They are glycols used as humectants that help deliver ingredients into skin. Bis-isobutyl PEG-15/ Amodimethione Copolymer This compound has similar effect as silicone.The unique fluid properties of silicone give it a great deal of slip, and in its various forms it can feel like silk on the skin, impart emolliency, and be a water-binding agent that holds up well, even when skin becomes wet. Cocos Nucifera (coconut) oil Non-volatile plant kernel oil that has emollient properties for skin.

33. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Antioxidants Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Camellia Sinensis Leaf Tocophenyl Acetate Olea Europaea (Olive) fruit extract Rosa Canina Fruit extract

34. Ingredients Function Camellia Sinensis Leaf Significant amounts of research have established that tea, including black, green, and white tea, has many intriguing health benefits. Dozens of studies point to tea’s potent antioxidant as well as anticarcinogenic properties. Tocophenyl Acetate Its function is largely unknown, but it is believed to act as an antioxidant. Olea Europaea (Olive) fruit extract It does seem that olive oil is a good antioxidant and assuredly it’s a good moisturizing ingredient There are also a small number of animal tests showing that topically applied olive oil can protect against UVB damage. Rosa Canina Fruit Extract Good emollient oil that has antioxidant properties

35. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Preservatives Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Sodium Benzoate Formaldehyde Maximium Authorised Concentration- 0.2% (except for oral hygiene products) 0.04% Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf extract Zinc Pyrithione Also an active ingredient.

36. According to the ASEAN Cosmetic Directive ANNEX VI List of preservatives allowed for use in cosmetic products, maximium authorised concentration for Zinc pyrithione is 1.0%. It should only be used in rinse-off products like shampoos. Preservatives are often used in cosmetics to prevent bacterial and microbial contamination of products by inhibiting the development of micro-organisms. Ingredients Function Sodium benzoate Salt of benzoic acid is used as preservative in shampoos. It kills bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, and works well in acidic mixtures. Formaldehyde Common type of preservative found in cosmetics. Eucalyptus Globulus leaf extract Extract that may have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties on the skin. Zinc pyrithione It is a chemical compound used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. It is an active ingredient in anti-dandruff shampoos.

37. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Used as Thickening Agent Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride Ingredients Function Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is a water-soluble quaternary derivative of natural guar gum, and imparts conditioning properties to shampoos and after-shampoo hair care products.

38. -Ingredients, Composition and functions Other Functions.. Clear Men Specialised Dandruff Protection shampoo Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with Nourishing Protein Herbal Essence (with camellia oil) Lysine Hydrochloride Menthol Ingredients Function Lysine Hydrochloride Plays an important role in the cross-linking of elastin that gives skin its elastic properties. Menthol Menthol is derived from peppermint. It gives a sensational feeling after use

40. Herbal essence : Wet hair. Massage onto the scalp. Rinse. Feather : Apply shampoo on wet hair, massage and rinse thoroughly. Clear Men : For best results, use regularly. Massage shampoo on both your scalp and hair, allow Vita-Ace to work for 2-3 minutes. Wash and repeat if necessary.

41. Similarities 1. All three products indicate that the shampoo should be massaged on the hair or scalp. Differences Herbal essence Feather Clear Men 1. Only indicate that to wash off after massaging. Only indicated that to wash off after massaging There was a suggested waiting time (of 2-3mins) after massaging it on the hair. 2. There was no need for repeat and regular use. There was no need for repeat and regular use Consumers are advised to use product regularly and repeat use if necessary.

42. Differences Herbal essence (with Camellia oil) Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with nourishing protein. Clear Men specialised dandruff protection shampoo 1. NONE NONE For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, rinse eyes thoroughly with water. 2. NONE NONE Store between 15 o C – 35 o C

43. According tp the ASEAN Cosmetic Directive Appendix II: ASEAN Cosmetic Labeling Requirements, the expiry date of the product must be in clear terms. It refers to the date until which the product, in this case the shampoo, stored under suitable conditions, will continue to perform its intended functions. Differences Herbal essence (with Camellia oil) Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with nourishing protein. Clear Men specialised dandruff protection shampoo 1. NONE 23/08/10 07/04/09

44. Differences Herbal essence (with Camellia oil) Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with nourishing protein. Clear Men specialised dandruff protection shampoo 1. B05-08122007 B230807 05 070407 R3

46. Herbal essence (with Camellia oil) Feather Nature Plus Perfect Care Shampoo with nourishing protein. Clear Men specialised dandruff protection shampoo “ infused with Camellia Hot Oil with over 4x more nourishing ingredients than before, this shampoo formula leaves your hair deeply quenched, radiating silky and naturally strong” “ revitalizes and makes hair healthy from inside” “ 3-in-1 Express clean care & manageability” “ Newly developed. Nature plus with 100% natural ingredients, supplement hairs and nourishes scalp for healthy and beautiful hair from inside” “ Dandruff protection for Men. 3-in-1 Express formula makes hair easy-to-style & manage. Starts to effectively eliminate dandruff with every wash” “ New CLEAR MEN STYL-EXPRESS. The fast way to great hair that’s oozing with style!”