This study examined quality of life (QOL) among 119 nursing students in Jordan using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). The highest domain score was for physical functioning (78.1) and the lowest was for vitality (52.3). Males scored significantly higher than females on physical functioning. Employed students scored significantly lower than unemployed students on role physical, social functioning, and bodily pain domains. No other demographic factors like clinical course enrollment or GPA were significantly associated with QOL domain scores. This provides preliminary information about nursing student QOL in Jordan.
This study examined the relationship between academic performance, as measured by GPA, and lifestyle factors such as physical activity, sleep, work, and study habits in college students. A survey of 253 students found a significant positive relationship between GPA and hours worked per week. There were also strong trends toward higher GPAs being associated with more hours studied per week and greater use of the student recreation center. However, the study found no significant relationship between GPA and the amount of physical activity or exercise reported. The limitations included a small sample size and potential recall bias in self-reported surveys.
Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Fac...ijtsrd
Objectives This current study was carried out to evaluate the level of physical activity PA among undergraduate students of faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya. Materials and methods This was a cross sectional study which was conducted at Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Data was collected through a self administered questionnaire International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form IPAQ SF and total of 231 students responded. Prior to the data collection, informed written consent was taken from the students. Main outcome measures MET value Metabolic Equitant Results The mean total MET of the population indicated that of ‘moderate physical activity level’. Comparing four study years 4th year to 1st year , total MET level was gradually declining from 1st year to 4th year though there were no statistically significant relationship found. PA level was moderate in all the degree programs but the values were different. In relation to sex, males were predominant in all the MET categories. According to the BMI category, normal weighted students were presented with higher values for MET categories compared with others. Conclusion All the students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya were moderately physically active with higher percentages of walking MET minutes week in all the variables. PA score is gradually declined from first year to final year. RAD students were more physically active among all five degree programs. Male students and normal weighted students had higher PA scores respectively for sex category and BMI category. Senarath MKID | Thalwaththe STRD | Tennakoon SUB "Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38609.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38609/evaluation-of-the-physical-activity-level-among-undergraduate-students-of-faculty-of-allied-health-sciences-university-of-peradeniya/senarath-mkid
Women Medical Students' and Residents' Interest in Academic Medicine CareersKatherine Ellington
In the last four decades women students have achieved near parity within medical schools across the United States. Yet, there is a significant shortfall of women who teach medical students and/or lead medical institutions. Mentoring, early scholar and career advancement opportunities for women training in medicine are necessary to enable a full spectrum of diversity and inclusion in academic medicine for education, research and patient care. It is also evident that women need to identify role models and competent mentors in the early stages of their careers. Is this enough to climb the academic medicine leadership ladder? The Building the Next Generation of Academic Physicians (BNGAP) initiative consists of a group of academic medicine faculty, residents and students whose purpose is to increase diversity in the academic medicine workforce. Our research indicates that 62.4% of women medical students and 84.2% of women residents share an interest in academic medicine careers. How do we establish ground for their successful climb? Significant BNGAP results will be summarized with recommendations to inform diversity and inclusion efforts for the future of women exploring as well as those who have careers in academic medicine.
This study investigated the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among female group fitness instructors, including yoga and Pilates teachers, in Norway. The key findings were:
1) 26.3% of the 685 female instructors reported experiencing UI, with most reporting stress UI that occurred during physical activity or exercise.
2) Yoga and Pilates instructors had a similar prevalence of UI to other fitness instructors, with 25.9% reporting UI.
3) Older instructors and those with longer teaching careers had a significantly higher prevalence of UI, while use of oral contraceptives was protective against UI.
The impact of physical activity on academic performance among medical and hea...Dr. Mohammed Abou Elmagd
Physical activity is a crucial component of school curricula as it is suggested to increase the students’ academic performance. This may be applied in the university age group, especially when considering medical and health sciences colleges where higher stress levels are recorded. Aim: To assess the relationship between physical activity and academic performance among medical and health sciences students. Methods: an online questionnaire-based cross sectional study involved 198 students from RAK Medical and Health Sciences University was conducted to identify the level of physical activity and academic performance. Results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS. Results: there was significant positive correlation between physical activity and academic performance (r = 0.208). However, the correlation was higher for BDS College with no significant difference with regard to nationality, age and gender.
This study examined the relationship between exercise levels and perceived stress in 112 college students. The students completed a survey assessing their gender, class standing, exercise habits, and perceived stress levels. The results showed that stress levels decreased as exercise duration increased from under 20 minutes to 40 minutes to an hour. However, students exercising over an hour had higher stress levels, possibly due to athletic training regimens. The study suggests moderate exercise may help reduce stress for college students and warrants further research into exercise types and amounts. It also found females reported higher stress than males on average and that stress varied by class year. This initial study provides ground for establishing an educational program on the mental health benefits of physical activity.
Medical students’ approaches to learning before and after the cardiology prob...Eugenia Savvidou
Background: Recent literature reports inconsistent findings concerning the effect of the problem based
learning (PBL) on medical students’ approaches to learning. However, there is a lack of studies focused on
the comparison of a pre-clinical traditional teaching context to a post clinical PBL context. Furthermore, no
study has focused on approaches to learning reported by students with different pace of study and academic
qualifications before and after the experience of a PBL curriculum. Objectives: The present study focuses on
differences in approaches to learning reported by students of a Greek medical school before and after their
clinical practice in cardiology employing a PBL curriculum. The effect of the PBL clinical practice on students’
approaches to learning was explored for the total study group, as well as for students with different study pace
and with and without a previous degree in a subject relevant to medicine. Methods: The sample consists of
109 5th-year students. The approaches to learning were explored by the Finnish version of the Approaches to
Learning and Studying Inventory (ALSI). Results: Students in all groups reported higher scores in organized
study and lower scores in the surface approach after the clinical practice compared with their scores prior
to their practice. The deep approach was slightly increased in all groups after the clinical practice. The study
indicated good psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The PBL clinical practice seems to be
of benefit for all the groups of students concerning their approaches to learning (post-clinical scores). Curriculum
planners are suggested to work toward the PBL clinical training to be early integrated in the curriculum
This study examined the relationship between academic performance, as measured by GPA, and lifestyle factors such as physical activity, sleep, work, and study habits in college students. A survey of 253 students found a significant positive relationship between GPA and hours worked per week. There were also strong trends toward higher GPAs being associated with more hours studied per week and greater use of the student recreation center. However, the study found no significant relationship between GPA and the amount of physical activity or exercise reported. The limitations included a small sample size and potential recall bias in self-reported surveys.
Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Fac...ijtsrd
Objectives This current study was carried out to evaluate the level of physical activity PA among undergraduate students of faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya. Materials and methods This was a cross sectional study which was conducted at Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Data was collected through a self administered questionnaire International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form IPAQ SF and total of 231 students responded. Prior to the data collection, informed written consent was taken from the students. Main outcome measures MET value Metabolic Equitant Results The mean total MET of the population indicated that of ‘moderate physical activity level’. Comparing four study years 4th year to 1st year , total MET level was gradually declining from 1st year to 4th year though there were no statistically significant relationship found. PA level was moderate in all the degree programs but the values were different. In relation to sex, males were predominant in all the MET categories. According to the BMI category, normal weighted students were presented with higher values for MET categories compared with others. Conclusion All the students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya were moderately physically active with higher percentages of walking MET minutes week in all the variables. PA score is gradually declined from first year to final year. RAD students were more physically active among all five degree programs. Male students and normal weighted students had higher PA scores respectively for sex category and BMI category. Senarath MKID | Thalwaththe STRD | Tennakoon SUB "Evaluation of the Physical Activity Level among Undergraduate Students of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38609.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38609/evaluation-of-the-physical-activity-level-among-undergraduate-students-of-faculty-of-allied-health-sciences-university-of-peradeniya/senarath-mkid
Women Medical Students' and Residents' Interest in Academic Medicine CareersKatherine Ellington
In the last four decades women students have achieved near parity within medical schools across the United States. Yet, there is a significant shortfall of women who teach medical students and/or lead medical institutions. Mentoring, early scholar and career advancement opportunities for women training in medicine are necessary to enable a full spectrum of diversity and inclusion in academic medicine for education, research and patient care. It is also evident that women need to identify role models and competent mentors in the early stages of their careers. Is this enough to climb the academic medicine leadership ladder? The Building the Next Generation of Academic Physicians (BNGAP) initiative consists of a group of academic medicine faculty, residents and students whose purpose is to increase diversity in the academic medicine workforce. Our research indicates that 62.4% of women medical students and 84.2% of women residents share an interest in academic medicine careers. How do we establish ground for their successful climb? Significant BNGAP results will be summarized with recommendations to inform diversity and inclusion efforts for the future of women exploring as well as those who have careers in academic medicine.
This study investigated the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among female group fitness instructors, including yoga and Pilates teachers, in Norway. The key findings were:
1) 26.3% of the 685 female instructors reported experiencing UI, with most reporting stress UI that occurred during physical activity or exercise.
2) Yoga and Pilates instructors had a similar prevalence of UI to other fitness instructors, with 25.9% reporting UI.
3) Older instructors and those with longer teaching careers had a significantly higher prevalence of UI, while use of oral contraceptives was protective against UI.
The impact of physical activity on academic performance among medical and hea...Dr. Mohammed Abou Elmagd
Physical activity is a crucial component of school curricula as it is suggested to increase the students’ academic performance. This may be applied in the university age group, especially when considering medical and health sciences colleges where higher stress levels are recorded. Aim: To assess the relationship between physical activity and academic performance among medical and health sciences students. Methods: an online questionnaire-based cross sectional study involved 198 students from RAK Medical and Health Sciences University was conducted to identify the level of physical activity and academic performance. Results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS. Results: there was significant positive correlation between physical activity and academic performance (r = 0.208). However, the correlation was higher for BDS College with no significant difference with regard to nationality, age and gender.
This study examined the relationship between exercise levels and perceived stress in 112 college students. The students completed a survey assessing their gender, class standing, exercise habits, and perceived stress levels. The results showed that stress levels decreased as exercise duration increased from under 20 minutes to 40 minutes to an hour. However, students exercising over an hour had higher stress levels, possibly due to athletic training regimens. The study suggests moderate exercise may help reduce stress for college students and warrants further research into exercise types and amounts. It also found females reported higher stress than males on average and that stress varied by class year. This initial study provides ground for establishing an educational program on the mental health benefits of physical activity.
Medical students’ approaches to learning before and after the cardiology prob...Eugenia Savvidou
Background: Recent literature reports inconsistent findings concerning the effect of the problem based
learning (PBL) on medical students’ approaches to learning. However, there is a lack of studies focused on
the comparison of a pre-clinical traditional teaching context to a post clinical PBL context. Furthermore, no
study has focused on approaches to learning reported by students with different pace of study and academic
qualifications before and after the experience of a PBL curriculum. Objectives: The present study focuses on
differences in approaches to learning reported by students of a Greek medical school before and after their
clinical practice in cardiology employing a PBL curriculum. The effect of the PBL clinical practice on students’
approaches to learning was explored for the total study group, as well as for students with different study pace
and with and without a previous degree in a subject relevant to medicine. Methods: The sample consists of
109 5th-year students. The approaches to learning were explored by the Finnish version of the Approaches to
Learning and Studying Inventory (ALSI). Results: Students in all groups reported higher scores in organized
study and lower scores in the surface approach after the clinical practice compared with their scores prior
to their practice. The deep approach was slightly increased in all groups after the clinical practice. The study
indicated good psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The PBL clinical practice seems to be
of benefit for all the groups of students concerning their approaches to learning (post-clinical scores). Curriculum
planners are suggested to work toward the PBL clinical training to be early integrated in the curriculum
THIYAGU - PERCEPTION TOWARDS RESEARCH AMONG M.ED, SCHOLARS IN TUTICORIN DISTRICTThiyagu K
The main aim of the M.Ed. course is to provide capability of serving community in general and developing research perception and skills among the students in specific these students in future have to promote interest towards research among the M.Ed., students when they take up their jobs as teacher educators. The main theme of the present study is “A study on research perception among M.Ed. scholars”. The main aim of the study is to find out the level of perception towards research among M.Ed. scholars. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has randomly chosen 253 M.Ed., scholar for the study. The findings of the study are (1) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their gender and level of study. (2) There is significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their age. Etc.,
11.learning styles among medical students, a case study of ladoke akintola un...Alexander Decker
This study examined the learning styles of 117 medical students at a university in Nigeria using the VARK questionnaire. The results showed that most students (91.5%) preferred using multiple modes of learning, with the read/write style being most popular overall. There were also significant differences in learning styles between males and females. The study concluded that understanding students' diverse learning styles can help instructors employ a variety of teaching methods to improve the learning experience.
Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Students and Staffs towards Basic life Suppo...IJAEMSJORNAL
Introduction:The present study was aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and attitude towards basic life support (BLS) among the dental students and faculty of Al Azhar dental college. Materials and Methods:A descriptive study was conducted by using a Questionnaire comprising of 20 questions to collect the data pertaining to awareness and knowledge of BLS, attitude towards BLS among the 3rd, final year dental students and the faculty members. After excluding the incomplete response sheets which were none in the present study, the data from 212 members were subjected to the analysis. The Main outcome measure was the over all score in the BLS knowledge. Knowledge of BLS was assessed as per the data contained in the Basic life support manual from American Heart Association. Results: Out of 212 members 109 were 3rd year students and 85 were final year students and 18 faculty members. The overall knowledge score was 33.7%. Overall results were poor with less than minimum knowledge on the topic BLS. A score of less than 50% was evident in the study indicating a poor knowledge of BLS among both the students and the faculty.The range of correct answers were 3-11 among students and 4-6 among the staffs. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between students and faculty members. Conclusion: Present study reports just 33.7 % participants had knowledge regarding BLS necessitates immediate attention of training of dental students and faculties regarding BLS.
Patient Comprehension of FDA-Approved Medication GuidesAllison Russell
1) The study assessed 227 FDA-approved Medication Guides to evaluate their readability, suitability, and patients' ability to understand them. It found the average reading level was 10th-11th grade.
2) A survey of 449 patients found they scored an average of 53% on comprehension questions about 3 Medication Guides. Comprehension was strongly linked to literacy level.
3) The study concludes Medication Guides in their current form are failing to convey important risk information to patients and reforms are needed to make them more readable and patient-centered.
State Of Play: support available to studnets with SpLD in UK medical schoolsd_shrewsbury
1) The study surveyed all 32 UK medical schools to establish the current level of support for students with specific learning difficulties (SpLD). It found variable implementation of support across schools.
2) Data from UCAS showed increasing numbers of students with declared SpLD applying to and being accepted onto medical degree programs between 2004-2008.
3) Schools provided varying levels of administrative support like dedicated student services, disability champions, and staff training on SpLD. Few schools provided all forms of support.
Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in M...SubmissionResearchpa
From the perspective of activity theory, it can be argued that the major challenge in relation to implementing interprofessional education (IPE) could be embraced as contradictions that may lead to change. Patients have complex health needs and typically require insight from more than one discipline to address issues regarding their health status (Lumague et al. 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that institutions engaged in health professional education and training consider implementing IPE in both undergraduate and postgraduate programs (WHO, 2010). The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of IPECP for health care professionals, faculty members, and students. Methods: The survey instrument contained four scales to evaluate faculty attitudes toward IPE and teamwork, adapted from the methods of Curran et al. (2007). Each scale asked respondents to rate their attitudes toward statements on a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=neutral; 4=agree; 5=strongly agree). The initial factor extractions were performed by means of principal components analysis. To define the model structure more clearly, an exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation was conducted. The level of significance was p<.0001 for all tests. Results: As shown in Table 2, the Kaiser–Meyer-Olkin index was 0.902, indicating sampling adequacy, and the Bartlett Sphericity Chi-Square index was 2246.5 (p <0.0001). Cronbach’s alpha for the 14 items was 0.731, revealing a high rate of internal consistency. The modified Attitude toward health care team scores (ATHCTS) questionnaire was categorized into four factors: “Quality of care,” “Team efficiency,” “Patient-centered care,” and “Negative factors.” Conclusion: Findings suggest that the positive attitude of health care professionals, faculty members and students towards IPE indicates the need for IPE training by Azjargal Baatar, Sumberzul Nyamjav and Oyuntsetseg Sandag 2020. Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in Mongolia. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 48-52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.536 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536/512 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536
The document summarizes research on self-determination theory (SDT) in physical education. It reviews existing studies based on the portion of SDT examined, research design, outcome variables studied, and contextual factors included. The review finds relationships between SDT constructs are confirmed but more research is needed on connections to student learning. It also notes a lack of intervention studies and description of contextual factors. The conclusion calls for research applying SDT to improve student motivation and learning in physical education.
Understanding the College Lifestyle_ A research proposal by Jeff HarmeyerJeff Harmeyer
The document summarizes several research studies that examined factors affecting stress levels in college students. One study found that females reported higher stress than males, and that stressors included academic demands and social adjustments to college life. Another study found over 90% of medical students reported experiencing stress, with common stressors being exams, academics, relationships, and finances. A third study found that higher aspiration levels, poorer study habits, and more study problems were correlated with higher reported academic stress in pre-university students. The studies suggest implementing wellness programs and counseling to help students better cope with stress.
- The study systematically reviewed physical activity interventions for adolescent cancer patients and survivors. Four controlled trials involving physical activity during or after cancer treatment were identified.
- The limited evidence available suggests physical activity is safe for adolescent cancer patients, but more high-quality studies are needed to determine effectiveness on health outcomes due to few existing studies.
- Future research should investigate optimal timing, settings, durations and intensities of physical activity interventions as well as potential moderating factors like age, gender and cancer type.
The document provides a summary and critical appraisal of two articles. The first article examines the dietary patterns, nutritional status, and prevalence of anemia among adolescent college girls in Bangladesh. It found poor nutrient intake, high rates of stunting and underweight, and a 23% prevalence of anemia. The second article identifies risk factors for overweight and obesity among urban school-aged children in Bangladesh. It found that having overweight parents and engaging in high amounts of sedentary activity increased obesity risk, while physical activity at home was protective. Both articles are limited by their small sample sizes and limited geographical coverage within Bangladesh.
Angovian Methods for Standard Setting in Medical Education: Can They Ever Be Criterion Referenced? ............. 1
Brian Chapman
Development Model of Learning Objects Based on the Instructional Techniques Recommendation....................... 27
Antonio Silva Sprock, Julio Cesar Ponce Gallegos and María Dolores Villalpando Calderón
Influential Factors in Modelling SPARK Science Learning System ............................................................................... 36
Marie Paz E. Morales
Investigating Reliability and Validity for the Construct of Inferential Statistics ......................................................... 51
Saras Krishnan and Noraini Idris
Influence of Head Teachers‟ Management Styles on Teacher Motivation in Selected Senior High Schools in the
Sunyani Municipality of Ghana ......................................................................................................................................... 61
Magdalene Brown Anthony Akwesi Owusu
Comparison and Properties of Correlational and Agreement Methods for Determining Whether or Not to Report
Subtest Scores ....................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Oksana Babenko, PhD. and W. Todd Rogers, PhD
Analysis of Achievement Tests in Secondary Chemistry and Biology ......................................................................... 75
Allen A. Espinosa, Maria Michelle V. Junio, May C. Manla, Vivian Mary S. Palma, John Lou S. Lucenari and Amelia E.
Punzalan
Towards Developing a Proposed Model of TeachingLearning Process Based on the Best Practices in Chemistry
Laboratory Instruction ......................................................................................................................................................... 83
Paz B. Reyes, Rebecca C. Nueva España and Rene R. Belecina
Factors Affecting Work Productivity among the Female Faculty of Allied Medica...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care.
Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gen...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that investigated the difference in academic performance between male and female students who were taught gas laws using Problem-Based Instructional Strategy (PBIS).
The study involved 165 secondary school students in Nigeria who were assigned to either an experimental group that was taught using PBIS, or a control group that was taught using traditional lecture methods. Both groups took a pre-test and post-test on gas laws.
The results showed that there was no significant difference in test scores between male and female students in the experimental group that used PBIS. This suggests that PBIS helped reduce any gender gap in understanding and applying gas laws concepts. The study concluded that PBIS is an effective alternative to traditional teaching
An Epidemiological Data of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs in Pamulapa...DrHeena tiwari
An Epidemiological Data of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs in Pamulapadu Village of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India: An Original Research
This document discusses bottlenecks towards implementing a multi/interdisciplinary approach to systems pharmacology and systems medicine in India. Some key challenges include:
1) A lack of dedicated multi/interdisciplinary departments and programs, as different academic fields are administered separately, making collaboration difficult.
2) Research with a multi/interdisciplinary nature may be published in less established journals, impacting career prospects.
3) Teaching new multi/interdisciplinary courses poses challenges due to a lack of experienced faculty and rigid syllabus approval processes.
4) Securing research grants for multi/interdisciplinary work is hampered by requirements for prior experience in that specific field, which is difficult to obtain without substantive faculty positions.
Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Difficult Tracheal Intubation: An Analysis of the PeDIR Registry
This study analyzed 900 cases of difficult direct laryngoscopy (DDL) in children from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation registry (PeDIR) to identify risk factors associated with complications. The overall complication rate was 22.7% and the severe complication rate was 2.6%. Multiple intubation attempts, intubation outside the operating room, and unanticipated difficult airways were associated with severe complications on multivariate analysis. The results indicate there is significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients with difficult direct laryngoscopy, and certain risk factors can help identify those at higher risk of severe complications.
Leisure Patterns Among Nigerian University Lecturers: the Potential for Leisu...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Regular leisure activities obviously have their health benefits and effect on productivity and when
adults do not have enough of leisure activities or rest, there are bound to be negative repercussions. University
lecturers are expected to perform optimally, but there are mitigating circumstances like external stressors and
inadequate provision of facilities that may lead to stress and, if not well managed, can affect the productivity
level. This survey was conducted on Lecturers in Nigerian Universities where 250 were randomly selected from
six Nigerian Universities cutting across Private, Federal and State Universities. Five research questions guided
the study and two hypotheses were tested. A set of researcher-designed and validated questionnaire
‘Questionnaire on Lecturers’ Leisure Time Activities’ (QLLTA) were used to collect data. Analysis was done
using percentages, Chi-Squared and Factorial analysis. Results show a somewhat adequate awareness of
leisure time activities and provision of facilities; however Lecturers cited work and time constraints and family
responsibilities as possible deterrents to participating in leisure activities. The introduction of specialists like
leisure counselors, among others, was recommended to conduct leisure education.
This document discusses anxiety levels among college students. It notes that college is a stressful time with high workloads, activities, and expectations that can trigger anxiety. Statistics show anxiety is very common among college students. While college environments increase stress, activities like exercise can help reduce it. A study found students with high physical activity had lower anxiety and stress. The document emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for college student mental and physical health.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Full paper physical actvity ,mental health and quality of life of athletesalonzo mortejo
This study examined the physical activity, mental health, and quality of life of 176 university student athletes in the Philippines amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires on physical activity, quality of life, and mental health. Qualitative data from interviews identified key coping strategies used by athletes, including maintaining a positive mindset, family support, prayer, and staying productive. The findings provide insight into how the pandemic has impacted athletes and will help inform policies to support their needs during this difficult time.
Poor quality of sleep and its relationship with depression in first year medi...Alexander Decker
1. The study evaluated the relationship between sleep quality, depression, and BMI in first-year medical students in India.
2. Poor sleep quality was found in 64% of students based on PSQI scores, and 60% showed symptoms of depression based on BDI scores. There was a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms.
3. Sleep quality and depression were highly prevalent among first-year medical students. The results suggest sleep disturbances may influence the development of depression in this population. Interventions are needed to address sleep and mental health issues in medical students.
THIYAGU - PERCEPTION TOWARDS RESEARCH AMONG M.ED, SCHOLARS IN TUTICORIN DISTRICTThiyagu K
The main aim of the M.Ed. course is to provide capability of serving community in general and developing research perception and skills among the students in specific these students in future have to promote interest towards research among the M.Ed., students when they take up their jobs as teacher educators. The main theme of the present study is “A study on research perception among M.Ed. scholars”. The main aim of the study is to find out the level of perception towards research among M.Ed. scholars. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has randomly chosen 253 M.Ed., scholar for the study. The findings of the study are (1) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their gender and level of study. (2) There is significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their age. Etc.,
11.learning styles among medical students, a case study of ladoke akintola un...Alexander Decker
This study examined the learning styles of 117 medical students at a university in Nigeria using the VARK questionnaire. The results showed that most students (91.5%) preferred using multiple modes of learning, with the read/write style being most popular overall. There were also significant differences in learning styles between males and females. The study concluded that understanding students' diverse learning styles can help instructors employ a variety of teaching methods to improve the learning experience.
Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Students and Staffs towards Basic life Suppo...IJAEMSJORNAL
Introduction:The present study was aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and attitude towards basic life support (BLS) among the dental students and faculty of Al Azhar dental college. Materials and Methods:A descriptive study was conducted by using a Questionnaire comprising of 20 questions to collect the data pertaining to awareness and knowledge of BLS, attitude towards BLS among the 3rd, final year dental students and the faculty members. After excluding the incomplete response sheets which were none in the present study, the data from 212 members were subjected to the analysis. The Main outcome measure was the over all score in the BLS knowledge. Knowledge of BLS was assessed as per the data contained in the Basic life support manual from American Heart Association. Results: Out of 212 members 109 were 3rd year students and 85 were final year students and 18 faculty members. The overall knowledge score was 33.7%. Overall results were poor with less than minimum knowledge on the topic BLS. A score of less than 50% was evident in the study indicating a poor knowledge of BLS among both the students and the faculty.The range of correct answers were 3-11 among students and 4-6 among the staffs. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between students and faculty members. Conclusion: Present study reports just 33.7 % participants had knowledge regarding BLS necessitates immediate attention of training of dental students and faculties regarding BLS.
Patient Comprehension of FDA-Approved Medication GuidesAllison Russell
1) The study assessed 227 FDA-approved Medication Guides to evaluate their readability, suitability, and patients' ability to understand them. It found the average reading level was 10th-11th grade.
2) A survey of 449 patients found they scored an average of 53% on comprehension questions about 3 Medication Guides. Comprehension was strongly linked to literacy level.
3) The study concludes Medication Guides in their current form are failing to convey important risk information to patients and reforms are needed to make them more readable and patient-centered.
State Of Play: support available to studnets with SpLD in UK medical schoolsd_shrewsbury
1) The study surveyed all 32 UK medical schools to establish the current level of support for students with specific learning difficulties (SpLD). It found variable implementation of support across schools.
2) Data from UCAS showed increasing numbers of students with declared SpLD applying to and being accepted onto medical degree programs between 2004-2008.
3) Schools provided varying levels of administrative support like dedicated student services, disability champions, and staff training on SpLD. Few schools provided all forms of support.
Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in M...SubmissionResearchpa
From the perspective of activity theory, it can be argued that the major challenge in relation to implementing interprofessional education (IPE) could be embraced as contradictions that may lead to change. Patients have complex health needs and typically require insight from more than one discipline to address issues regarding their health status (Lumague et al. 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that institutions engaged in health professional education and training consider implementing IPE in both undergraduate and postgraduate programs (WHO, 2010). The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of IPECP for health care professionals, faculty members, and students. Methods: The survey instrument contained four scales to evaluate faculty attitudes toward IPE and teamwork, adapted from the methods of Curran et al. (2007). Each scale asked respondents to rate their attitudes toward statements on a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 2=disagree; 3=neutral; 4=agree; 5=strongly agree). The initial factor extractions were performed by means of principal components analysis. To define the model structure more clearly, an exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation was conducted. The level of significance was p<.0001 for all tests. Results: As shown in Table 2, the Kaiser–Meyer-Olkin index was 0.902, indicating sampling adequacy, and the Bartlett Sphericity Chi-Square index was 2246.5 (p <0.0001). Cronbach’s alpha for the 14 items was 0.731, revealing a high rate of internal consistency. The modified Attitude toward health care team scores (ATHCTS) questionnaire was categorized into four factors: “Quality of care,” “Team efficiency,” “Patient-centered care,” and “Negative factors.” Conclusion: Findings suggest that the positive attitude of health care professionals, faculty members and students towards IPE indicates the need for IPE training by Azjargal Baatar, Sumberzul Nyamjav and Oyuntsetseg Sandag 2020. Attitudes toward interprofessional education and collaborative practices in Mongolia. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 48-52. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.536 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536/512 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/536
The document summarizes research on self-determination theory (SDT) in physical education. It reviews existing studies based on the portion of SDT examined, research design, outcome variables studied, and contextual factors included. The review finds relationships between SDT constructs are confirmed but more research is needed on connections to student learning. It also notes a lack of intervention studies and description of contextual factors. The conclusion calls for research applying SDT to improve student motivation and learning in physical education.
Understanding the College Lifestyle_ A research proposal by Jeff HarmeyerJeff Harmeyer
The document summarizes several research studies that examined factors affecting stress levels in college students. One study found that females reported higher stress than males, and that stressors included academic demands and social adjustments to college life. Another study found over 90% of medical students reported experiencing stress, with common stressors being exams, academics, relationships, and finances. A third study found that higher aspiration levels, poorer study habits, and more study problems were correlated with higher reported academic stress in pre-university students. The studies suggest implementing wellness programs and counseling to help students better cope with stress.
- The study systematically reviewed physical activity interventions for adolescent cancer patients and survivors. Four controlled trials involving physical activity during or after cancer treatment were identified.
- The limited evidence available suggests physical activity is safe for adolescent cancer patients, but more high-quality studies are needed to determine effectiveness on health outcomes due to few existing studies.
- Future research should investigate optimal timing, settings, durations and intensities of physical activity interventions as well as potential moderating factors like age, gender and cancer type.
The document provides a summary and critical appraisal of two articles. The first article examines the dietary patterns, nutritional status, and prevalence of anemia among adolescent college girls in Bangladesh. It found poor nutrient intake, high rates of stunting and underweight, and a 23% prevalence of anemia. The second article identifies risk factors for overweight and obesity among urban school-aged children in Bangladesh. It found that having overweight parents and engaging in high amounts of sedentary activity increased obesity risk, while physical activity at home was protective. Both articles are limited by their small sample sizes and limited geographical coverage within Bangladesh.
Angovian Methods for Standard Setting in Medical Education: Can They Ever Be Criterion Referenced? ............. 1
Brian Chapman
Development Model of Learning Objects Based on the Instructional Techniques Recommendation....................... 27
Antonio Silva Sprock, Julio Cesar Ponce Gallegos and María Dolores Villalpando Calderón
Influential Factors in Modelling SPARK Science Learning System ............................................................................... 36
Marie Paz E. Morales
Investigating Reliability and Validity for the Construct of Inferential Statistics ......................................................... 51
Saras Krishnan and Noraini Idris
Influence of Head Teachers‟ Management Styles on Teacher Motivation in Selected Senior High Schools in the
Sunyani Municipality of Ghana ......................................................................................................................................... 61
Magdalene Brown Anthony Akwesi Owusu
Comparison and Properties of Correlational and Agreement Methods for Determining Whether or Not to Report
Subtest Scores ....................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Oksana Babenko, PhD. and W. Todd Rogers, PhD
Analysis of Achievement Tests in Secondary Chemistry and Biology ......................................................................... 75
Allen A. Espinosa, Maria Michelle V. Junio, May C. Manla, Vivian Mary S. Palma, John Lou S. Lucenari and Amelia E.
Punzalan
Towards Developing a Proposed Model of TeachingLearning Process Based on the Best Practices in Chemistry
Laboratory Instruction ......................................................................................................................................................... 83
Paz B. Reyes, Rebecca C. Nueva España and Rene R. Belecina
Factors Affecting Work Productivity among the Female Faculty of Allied Medica...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care.
Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gen...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that investigated the difference in academic performance between male and female students who were taught gas laws using Problem-Based Instructional Strategy (PBIS).
The study involved 165 secondary school students in Nigeria who were assigned to either an experimental group that was taught using PBIS, or a control group that was taught using traditional lecture methods. Both groups took a pre-test and post-test on gas laws.
The results showed that there was no significant difference in test scores between male and female students in the experimental group that used PBIS. This suggests that PBIS helped reduce any gender gap in understanding and applying gas laws concepts. The study concluded that PBIS is an effective alternative to traditional teaching
An Epidemiological Data of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs in Pamulapa...DrHeena tiwari
An Epidemiological Data of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs in Pamulapadu Village of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India: An Original Research
This document discusses bottlenecks towards implementing a multi/interdisciplinary approach to systems pharmacology and systems medicine in India. Some key challenges include:
1) A lack of dedicated multi/interdisciplinary departments and programs, as different academic fields are administered separately, making collaboration difficult.
2) Research with a multi/interdisciplinary nature may be published in less established journals, impacting career prospects.
3) Teaching new multi/interdisciplinary courses poses challenges due to a lack of experienced faculty and rigid syllabus approval processes.
4) Securing research grants for multi/interdisciplinary work is hampered by requirements for prior experience in that specific field, which is difficult to obtain without substantive faculty positions.
Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Difficult Tracheal Intubation: An Analysis of the PeDIR Registry
This study analyzed 900 cases of difficult direct laryngoscopy (DDL) in children from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation registry (PeDIR) to identify risk factors associated with complications. The overall complication rate was 22.7% and the severe complication rate was 2.6%. Multiple intubation attempts, intubation outside the operating room, and unanticipated difficult airways were associated with severe complications on multivariate analysis. The results indicate there is significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients with difficult direct laryngoscopy, and certain risk factors can help identify those at higher risk of severe complications.
Leisure Patterns Among Nigerian University Lecturers: the Potential for Leisu...IOSR Journals
Abstract: Regular leisure activities obviously have their health benefits and effect on productivity and when
adults do not have enough of leisure activities or rest, there are bound to be negative repercussions. University
lecturers are expected to perform optimally, but there are mitigating circumstances like external stressors and
inadequate provision of facilities that may lead to stress and, if not well managed, can affect the productivity
level. This survey was conducted on Lecturers in Nigerian Universities where 250 were randomly selected from
six Nigerian Universities cutting across Private, Federal and State Universities. Five research questions guided
the study and two hypotheses were tested. A set of researcher-designed and validated questionnaire
‘Questionnaire on Lecturers’ Leisure Time Activities’ (QLLTA) were used to collect data. Analysis was done
using percentages, Chi-Squared and Factorial analysis. Results show a somewhat adequate awareness of
leisure time activities and provision of facilities; however Lecturers cited work and time constraints and family
responsibilities as possible deterrents to participating in leisure activities. The introduction of specialists like
leisure counselors, among others, was recommended to conduct leisure education.
This document discusses anxiety levels among college students. It notes that college is a stressful time with high workloads, activities, and expectations that can trigger anxiety. Statistics show anxiety is very common among college students. While college environments increase stress, activities like exercise can help reduce it. A study found students with high physical activity had lower anxiety and stress. The document emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for college student mental and physical health.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
Full paper physical actvity ,mental health and quality of life of athletesalonzo mortejo
This study examined the physical activity, mental health, and quality of life of 176 university student athletes in the Philippines amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires on physical activity, quality of life, and mental health. Qualitative data from interviews identified key coping strategies used by athletes, including maintaining a positive mindset, family support, prayer, and staying productive. The findings provide insight into how the pandemic has impacted athletes and will help inform policies to support their needs during this difficult time.
Poor quality of sleep and its relationship with depression in first year medi...Alexander Decker
1. The study evaluated the relationship between sleep quality, depression, and BMI in first-year medical students in India.
2. Poor sleep quality was found in 64% of students based on PSQI scores, and 60% showed symptoms of depression based on BDI scores. There was a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms.
3. Sleep quality and depression were highly prevalent among first-year medical students. The results suggest sleep disturbances may influence the development of depression in this population. Interventions are needed to address sleep and mental health issues in medical students.
Poor quality of sleep and its relationship with depression in first year medi...Alexander Decker
1. The study evaluated the relationship between sleep quality, depression, and BMI in first-year medical students in India.
2. Poor sleep quality was found in 64% of students based on PSQI scores, and 60% showed symptoms of depression based on BDI scores. There was a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms.
3. The results suggest that poor sleep quality and depression are common among first-year medical students. Interventions are needed to address sleep and mental health issues in order to help students adjust to medical school and improve academic performance.
Educational intervention program to tackle health risk behaviors among male s...Alexander Decker
This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an educational intervention program to reduce health risk behaviors among male secondary school students in Khan Younis, Gaza Strip. The study used a quasi-experimental design and surveyed 366 students before and after the intervention, which provided five sessions on topics like tobacco use, nutrition, injury prevention, and aggression. Results found that healthy behaviors significantly increased after the program for the intervention group compared to the control group in domains like safety, sadness, smoking, and recreation. The study concluded the program was effective in positively impacting students' health risk behaviors.
This document is a thesis submitted by Christopher Kear to the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse to fulfill requirements for a Master of Science degree in Exercise and Sport Science. The thesis examines how interpersonal factors from the Theory of Triadic Influence predict adolescents' physical activity levels in physical education classes. Seventy-one high school students completed surveys assessing social constructs from the theory and wore accelerometers during five physical education lessons playing flag football. Results showed the social constructs predicted physical activity intentions but not actual physical activity levels during class. Further research is needed to identify additional factors that predict adolescents' physical activity behavior in physical education.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the influence of satisfying physiological needs on the academic performance of primary school students in public schools in Eastern Nakuru Municipality, Kenya. The study specifically examined the effects of adequate nutrition, clean water, sleep, and family well-being. It found that providing adequate nutrition, clean water, and meeting family needs positively influenced academic performance. However, the study also noted that while Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides insight, it does not fully explain why some deprived students still perform well academically. The results could help the Ministry of Education improve learning programs in disadvantaged schools.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Cognition in Children: A Meta-...videosplay360
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively combine and examine the re- sults of studies pertaining to physical activity and cognition in children. Stud- ies meeting the inclusion criteria were coded based on design and descriptive characteristics, subject characteristics, activity characteristics, and cognitive assessment method.
The relationship of_university_students_sleep_habits_and_academi[1]Ryrinn Azman
This document summarizes a research study that examined the relationship between college students' sleep habits and factors related to their academic motivation. The study found that 42% of students experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. Students with excessive daytime sleepiness tended to be motivated more by a desire to look competent rather than a desire to learn, engaged in more procrastination, and had lower self-efficacy than students who were well-rested. The findings suggest that lack of sleep can negatively impact factors like goal-orientation and self-regulation that are important predictors of academic performance.
This study examined the relationship between the functional capacity (physical and mental abilities) of 102 retired part-time workers in higher education institutions in the Philippines and their job competence. The workers were surveyed about their physical and mental health using validated scales. Their job performance was also evaluated using a standard performance evaluation form completed by students. Statistical analysis found that the retired workers had satisfactory job performance and high physical and mental capacities. A positive association was found between the retired workers' physical and mental functioning and their job competence. Maintaining physical and mental health is important for high quality work even after retirement.
This document summarizes a study on the challenges and opportunities for physical activity among teaching and non-teaching personnel at selected state universities in Central Luzon, Philippines. The study found that non-teaching personnel reported higher levels of physical activity in their jobs compared to teaching personnel. Both groups reported high levels of physical activity in transportation, housework, and leisure, but also spent significant time sitting. The main challenges to physical activity were limited promotion programs, lack of tailored and individual programs, and limited links between work and external physical activity opportunities. The study concludes that workplace wellness programs could help address challenges and maintain existing high physical activity levels among university personnel.
Effect of socio economic status on the effective students participation in ph...Dr. Mohammed Abou Elmagd
The socio-economic status make-up of an individual Influences habitual physical activity and plays an important role in one’s achievements in every field of life, including performance in sports. The current study aimed to assess the effect of socio-economic status determined by parental education and family income on the effective students’ participation in physical activity sessions at RAK Medical& Health Sciences University. The study demonstrated significant positive correlation between physical activity levels of the students and mother education (r=0.139, p=0.05) and family income (r = 0.182, p= 0.01), while father education had no significant effect on the level of students’ physical activity (r =0.030, p=0.676). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was noted between the physical activity levels of the students and number of family members (r = -0.130, p= 0.068). The study also revealed that the majority (114/198, 52%) of students were in the medium socio-economic status category. In addition, students with low socio-economic status were more likely to display low physical activity whereas students with high socio-economic status were more likely to display high physical activity.
Stress An Undetachable Condition of LifeYogeshIJTSRD
Stressful life events affects human body, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and effect metabolism and immune system. Recent studies showed increase in stress levels in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the stress levels in MBBS students. The objectives of the study are a To determine the current stress level, b To assess relation between stress level and lifestyle of college students. The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State. A total of 400 medical students were included in the study, which were selected using multi stage sampling aged between 18 years to 25 years. Students were questioned regarding their socioeconomic and life style parameters. The results showed that physical activity such as walking, exercise, yoga, meditation etc. were associated to stress levels. College students showed high stress levels with more satisfaction were mostly smokers. Their major reason for eating junk food and smoking was, increase in stress. Conclusion Majority of students suffered from moderate stress levels. Despite of having stress they were happy and satisfied with life with less no internet addiction. Spirituality and stress scales had a positive correlation as most of the students were averagely highly spiritual. Discriminant function can be used to determine the stress level of a person using age, BMI, internet addiction, spirituality, happiness scale and life satisfaction scale of that person. Jayshree N. Tolani | Dr. Nitinkumar D. Shah "Stress: An Undetachable Condition of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45054.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45054/stress-an-undetachable-condition-of-life/jayshree-n-tolani
1) The study examined relationships between sleep patterns, self-reported academic performance measures, and demographic/lifestyle factors in 50 college students.
2) Results found that lower sleep quality was associated with lower academic performance, with most students reporting less than 8 hours of sleep per night and feeling groggy.
3) Female students had higher GPAs than male students on average, and students were more likely to drop varsity sports as they neared graduation. While some relationships between sleep and academic performance were observed, the hypothesis that less sleep directly causes lower performance was not supported.
The impact of physical activity participation on the self esteem of the stude...Dr. Mohammed Abou Elmagd
Positive self-esteem helps people to feel good about themselves and gives them confidence to do things and confront social challenges. Positive self-esteem is improved by certain factors including increased physical activity. This can be utilized in the university age group, especially when considering medical and health sciences colleges where higher stress levels are recorded. Aim: To assess the relationship between physical activity and self-esteem among medical and health sciences students. Methods: an online questionnaire-based cross sectional study involved 198 students from RAK Medical and Health Sciences University was conducted to identify the level of physical activity and self-esteem score. Results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS. Results: there was significant positive correlation between physical activity and self-esteem (r = 0.604). However, the correlation was higher for female students with no significant difference. Correlation among colleges did not show significant differences.
I'm pleased to share that the October 2023 issue of the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, a PubMed and WOS-indexed journal, published our paper titled "Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Physiotherapy: A Narrative Review." I am grateful to God, gurus, and well-wishers for their blessings and guidance. Thank you Uka Tarsadia University Administration.
The study examined the relationship between physical activity and grade point average (GPA) among undergraduate college students. A survey was distributed to collect data on demographics, physical activity levels, athletic history, academic history, and GPA. The data was analyzed and no correlation was found between hours or days of exercise per week and GPA. While most participants had high GPAs around 3.0, the sample may have been limited due to its distribution among elite academic groups on campus whose members tend to maintain high GPAs.
Metaphor of Thought on Online Teaching during Lockdown by Medical and Dental ...ijtsrd
Online learning has become the mainstay during this COVID 19 lockdown. Students in the professional courses had to adjust themselves to the new teaching method. The present study has been conducted to evaluate and compare the metaphor of thought by the medical and dental students regarding online teaching. A self directed questionnaire was given to 200 participants 120 medical, 80 dental by Google form. Students were between 17 23 years age, pursuing their first year. Questions were given under five subheadings with three options'yes’, 'somewhat’ and 'no’. The responses were analyzed. 47.9 medical and 31.6 dental students replied 'yes’ for blended learning. 40 medical and 30.9 dental students opined there was no contentment with the subject. Mentors advice was useful for 44.4 medical and 59.9 dental students. Only 6.8 medical and 19.1 dental students could be able to manage time.26.8 medical and 13.4 dental students were satisfied with the clarity on the subject. Mixed responses were given by medical and dental students. Medical students preferred blended learning than dental students. Mentors advice was more helpful for dental students. Most of the medical students could manage time when compared to dental students. This study represents the opinion of medical and dental students for online learning. Dr. R. Ravi Sunder | Dr. I. Jyothi Padmaja | Dr. Neelima. P "Metaphor of Thought on Online Teaching during Lockdown by Medical and Dental Students- A Comparative Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38640.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/physiology/38640/metaphor-of-thought-on-online-teaching-during-lockdown-by-medical-and-dental-students-a-comparative-study/dr-r-ravi-sunder
Achievement Motivation Across Gender And Different Academic MajorsKelly Lipiec
This document summarizes a study that investigated differences in achievement motivation across gender and academic majors among college students. The study found that female students had significantly higher achievement motivation than male students. It also found that students majoring in science had significantly higher achievement motivation than students majoring in arts. These results indicate that gender and choice of major play a role in students' levels of achievement motivation.
Nursing students face numerous stresses and challenges that pose threat to their well-being. They require guidance in order to attain satisfactory adjustment in all aspects of daily life in this critical stage of their development. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the guidance needs of nursing students in selected schools in Iloilo City. The sample of this descriptive, comparative study consisted of 283 randomly selected students from four nursing schools in Iloilo City. The Guidance Needs Inventory for Nursing Students (GNINS) developed by the researchers was used to gather data. Frequency, mean, standard deviation, and rank were used to describe the data. Independent Samples t-Test and ANOVA set at 0.05 alpha were employed to find out significant differences between variables. The study revealed that nursing students need guidance to a moderate extent. They need more guidance on the aspects of career and academic. Further, results indicated no significant differences in the guidance needs of nursing students when grouped according to sex, gender, year level, residence, type of school, living arrangement, employment status of parents, monthly family income, number of siblings, birth order and type of family. Guidance remains to be an integral part of nursing education. Continued provision of guidance responsive and relevant to the needs of nursing student cohort is therefore necessary.
Similar to Quality of life (qol) among university students in jordan a descriptive study (20)
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
This document presents a framework for evaluating the usability of B2C e-commerce websites. It involves user testing methods like usability testing and interviews to identify usability problems in areas like navigation, design, purchasing processes, and customer service. The framework specifies goals for the evaluation, determines which website aspects to evaluate, and identifies target users. It then describes collecting data through user testing and analyzing the results to identify usability problems and suggest improvements.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
A unique common fixed point theorems in generalized dAlexander Decker
This document presents definitions and properties related to generalized D*-metric spaces and establishes some common fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in these spaces. It begins by introducing D*-metric spaces and generalized D*-metric spaces, defines concepts like convergence and Cauchy sequences. It presents lemmas showing the uniqueness of limits in these spaces and the equivalence of different definitions of convergence. The goal of the paper is then stated as obtaining a unique common fixed point theorem for generalized D*-metric spaces.
A trends of salmonella and antibiotic resistanceAlexander Decker
This document provides a review of trends in Salmonella and antibiotic resistance. It begins with an introduction to Salmonella as a facultative anaerobe that causes nontyphoidal salmonellosis. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is then discussed. The document proceeds to cover the historical perspective and classification of Salmonella, definitions of antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella including modification or destruction of antimicrobial agents, efflux pumps, modification of antibiotic targets, and decreased membrane permeability. Specific resistance mechanisms are discussed for several classes of antimicrobials.
A transformational generative approach towards understanding al-istifhamAlexander Decker
This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
A time series analysis of the determinants of savings in namibiaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the determinants of savings in Namibia from 1991 to 2012. It reviews previous literature on savings determinants in developing countries. The study uses time series analysis including unit root tests, cointegration, and error correction models to analyze the relationship between savings and variables like income, inflation, population growth, deposit rates, and financial deepening in Namibia. The results found inflation and income have a positive impact on savings, while population growth negatively impacts savings. Deposit rates and financial deepening were found to have no significant impact. The study reinforces previous work and emphasizes the importance of improving income levels to achieve higher savings rates in Namibia.
A therapy for physical and mental fitness of school childrenAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the importance of exercise in maintaining physical and mental fitness for school children. It discusses how physical and mental fitness are developed through participation in regular physical exercises and cannot be achieved solely through classroom learning. The document outlines different types and components of fitness and argues that developing fitness should be a key objective of education systems. It recommends that schools ensure pupils engage in graded physical activities and exercises to support their overall development.
A theory of efficiency for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining efficiency in managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was examined through the lenses of Kaizen theory (continuous improvement) and efficiency theory. A survey of 303 marketing executives from Nigerian banks found that management plays a key role in identifying and implementing efficiency improvements. The document recommends adopting a "3H grand strategy" to improve the heads, hearts, and hands of management and marketing executives by enhancing their knowledge, attitudes, and tools.
This document discusses evaluating the link budget for effective 900MHz GSM communication. It describes the basic parameters needed for a high-level link budget calculation, including transmitter power, antenna gains, path loss, and propagation models. Common propagation models for 900MHz that are described include Okumura model for urban areas and Hata model for urban, suburban, and open areas. Rain attenuation is also incorporated using the updated ITU model to improve communication during rainfall.
A synthetic review of contraceptive supplies in punjabAlexander Decker
This document discusses contraceptive use in Punjab, Pakistan. It begins by providing background on the benefits of family planning and contraceptive use for maternal and child health. It then analyzes contraceptive commodity data from Punjab, finding that use is still low despite efforts to improve access. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for strategies to bridge gaps and meet the unmet need for effective and affordable contraceptive methods and supplies in Punjab in order to improve health outcomes.
A synthesis of taylor’s and fayol’s management approaches for managing market...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses synthesizing Taylor's scientific management approach and Fayol's process management approach to identify an effective way to manage marketing executives in Nigerian banks.
2) It reviews Taylor's emphasis on efficiency and breaking tasks into small parts, and Fayol's focus on developing general management principles.
3) The study administered a survey to 303 marketing executives in Nigerian banks to test if combining elements of Taylor and Fayol's approaches would help manage their performance through clear roles, accountability, and motivation. Statistical analysis supported combining the two approaches.
A survey paper on sequence pattern mining with incrementalAlexander Decker
This document summarizes four algorithms for sequential pattern mining: GSP, ISM, FreeSpan, and PrefixSpan. GSP is an Apriori-based algorithm that incorporates time constraints. ISM extends SPADE to incrementally update patterns after database changes. FreeSpan uses frequent items to recursively project databases and grow subsequences. PrefixSpan also uses projection but claims to not require candidate generation. It recursively projects databases based on short prefix patterns. The document concludes by stating the goal was to find an efficient scheme for extracting sequential patterns from transactional datasets.
A survey on live virtual machine migrations and its techniquesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes several techniques for live virtual machine migration in cloud computing. It discusses works that have proposed affinity-aware migration models to improve resource utilization, energy efficient migration approaches using storage migration and live VM migration, and a dynamic consolidation technique using migration control to avoid unnecessary migrations. The document also summarizes works that have designed methods to minimize migration downtime and network traffic, proposed a resource reservation framework for efficient migration of multiple VMs, and addressed real-time issues in live migration. Finally, it provides a table summarizing the techniques, tools used, and potential future work or gaps identified for each discussed work.
A survey on data mining and analysis in hadoop and mongo dbAlexander Decker
This document discusses data mining of big data using Hadoop and MongoDB. It provides an overview of Hadoop and MongoDB and their uses in big data analysis. Specifically, it proposes using Hadoop for distributed processing and MongoDB for data storage and input. The document reviews several related works that discuss big data analysis using these tools, as well as their capabilities for scalable data storage and mining. It aims to improve computational time and fault tolerance for big data analysis by mining data stored in Hadoop using MongoDB and MapReduce.
1. The document discusses several challenges for integrating media with cloud computing including media content convergence, scalability and expandability, finding appropriate applications, and reliability.
2. Media content convergence challenges include dealing with the heterogeneity of media types, services, networks, devices, and quality of service requirements as well as integrating technologies used by media providers and consumers.
3. Scalability and expandability challenges involve adapting to the increasing volume of media content and being able to support new media formats and outlets over time.
This document surveys trust architectures that leverage provenance in wireless sensor networks. It begins with background on provenance, which refers to the documented history or derivation of data. Provenance can be used to assess trust by providing metadata about how data was processed. The document then discusses challenges for using provenance to establish trust in wireless sensor networks, which have constraints on energy and computation. Finally, it provides background on trust, which is the subjective probability that a node will behave dependably. Trust architectures need to be lightweight to account for the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
This document discusses private equity investments in Kenya. It provides background on private equity and discusses trends in various regions. The objectives of the study discussed are to establish the extent of private equity adoption in Kenya, identify common forms of private equity utilized, and determine typical exit strategies. Private equity can involve venture capital, leveraged buyouts, or mezzanine financing. Exits allow recycling of capital into new opportunities. The document provides context on private equity globally and in developing markets like Africa to frame the goals of the study.
This document discusses a study that analyzes the financial health of the Indian logistics industry from 2005-2012 using Altman's Z-score model. The study finds that the average Z-score for selected logistics firms was in the healthy to very healthy range during the study period. The average Z-score increased from 2006 to 2010 when the Indian economy was hit by the global recession, indicating the overall performance of the Indian logistics industry was good. The document reviews previous literature on measuring financial performance and distress using ratios and Z-scores, and outlines the objectives and methodology used in the current study.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
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By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
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The event will cover the following::
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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Quality of life (qol) among university students in jordan a descriptive study
1. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
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Quality of Life (QOL) among University Students in Jordan: A
Descriptive Study
*Khaled Suleiman, *Suhair Alghabeesh, RN, PhD, *Husein Jassem, RN, PhD, *Luai Abu- Shahroor, RN, PhD,
*Raed Ali, RN
* School of Nursing, Alzaytoonah University, PO box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
** E-mail of the correspondence author: khaledsuleiman@yahoo.com, ksuleiman@zuj.edu.jo
This study was funded by Alzaytoonah University of Jordan
Abstract
Quality of life (QOL) among university students themselves in Jordan was underestimated. It was reported that
among university students general population, several factors such as the academic overload in addition to the
students’ non-school activities may contribute to this situation. There is a lack of QOL studies among the
general university students in Jordan and in the Arabic world. Thus, the aim of this descriptive study was to
examine QOL among university students in Jordan. Data were obtained from 119 current university nursing
students. The highest Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (SF 36) scores were obtained for physical
functioning domain (78.1) and the lowest scores were for vitality domain (52.3). The two genders significantly
differed in physical functioning (t= -2.44, p= .016). In terms of employment, there were significant differences
between employed and not employed students in role physical (t= -2.11, p= .03), social functioning (t= -3.30,
p= .001), and bodily pain domains (t= -3.28, p= .001). No significant differences in terms of grade point average
(GPA). This study provides preliminary about nursing student’s quality of life in Jordan. Findings will serve as a
basis for Arab researchers to conduct future intervention studies.
Keywords: students, quality of life, employment, gender.
1. Introduction
Learning at the university is an experience of stress, satisfaction, happiness and enjoyment (Posadzki, Musonda,
Debska, &Polczyk, 2009). Nursing students experience high stress toward their academic achievement that may
affect the social and psychological aspect of their life. This might affect their academic performance, lowering
their physical ability and reduce their quality of care at the clinical field. Consequently, safety of patients may be
threatened. Thus, the assessment of QOL among nursing students is very important in the educational settings
(Pekmezovic, Popovic, Tepavcevc, Gazibara, &Paunic, 2011). Researchers emphasized that several factors such
as the academic overload (Paro, et al., 2010) in addition to the students’ non-school activities (Pekmezovic, et al.,
2011) were contributed to lower quality of life among university students general population. However, studies
that examined QOL among university students in Arab world and particularly in Jordan are a few. Thus, there is
a need to examine quality of life among university student in the Arab world considering Jordanian nursing
students as the population of interest.
1.1 Literature review
In countries such as the U.S., there is a rich literature regarding QOL among university students. This literature
base offers good opportunity for academic personnel and university administrations to recognize the problems
associated with students' QOL and seek effective treatment for them. There is no similar data base in Jordan that
deals with QOL issues. Thus, this study may shed the light on students’ QOL which is an important element for
better academic achievement. The results of this descriptive study might be utilized by educators to plan
appropriate interventions that may improve QOL of nursing students.
To date, QOL among university students in Jordan was not addressed well in the literature, however, it was
measured among the general population of Jordan (Khader, Hourani, & Al-Akour, 2011). In a study included 511
subjects (306 males) aged between 18 and 75 (mean= 35.8, SD= 12) from Jordanian household, the researchers
set up a normative Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 [SF-36: (Ware, Kosinski, & Dewey, 2000; Ware,
Snow, Kosinski, &Gandek, 1993)] data in north Jordan (Khader et al.). Jordanians showed lower scores than
USA norms in all SF-36 subscales. Older participants had significantly lower scores for physical functioning
domain [PF; p= .010], general health domain [GH; p= .018], and role emotional domain [RE; p= .025] than
younger participants. Men scored higher mean than women in social functioning subscale [SF; 66.8 (SD= 21.5),
versus 65.9(SD= 23.2), p= .051], while women scored higher mean than men in PF subscale [69.8(SD= 26.4)]
versus 64.3(SD= 29.4), p= .013]. Further, men scored low mean for vitality subscale [VT; 55.8 (SD= 20)] while
women scored low means for the bodily pain subscale [BP; 54.6 (SD= 54.6)], although they were not significant
(Khader et al.).
On the same vein, QOL was measured among the general Arabic population (Sabbah, Drouby, Sabbah, Retel-
Rude, & Mercier, 2003). Sabbah et al examined QOL in 524 participants from rural and urban population in
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Lebanon. Participants reported high mean scores for PF subscale (81.3, SD= 22.8) and low mean scores for RE
subscale (53.1, SD= 43.3). In terms of age, the group of > 60 years old had low significant scores in all subscales
scores (ps ranged from <.001 to <.05). Additionally, males reported higher significant scores than females in all
subscales (ps ranged from <.001 to <.05). Therefore, there is a need for further studies to confirm these results
especially among young adults who attend university which support the purpose of the current study.
In non-Arabic countries, most of the studies examined QOL among the general university population of students
(Bhandari, 2012; Ducinskiene, Kalediene, &Petrauskiene, 2003; Posadzki,et al., 2009; Pekmezovic, et al.,
2011),while others examined QOL among specific student majors such as medical (Amini et al., 2007; Paro, et
al., 2010) and pharmacy (Hirsch, Do, Hollenbach, Manoguerra, & Adler, 2009). Posadzki et al. (2009) examined
QOL among 396 undergraduate students in Poland. They found that the highest scores of the SF- 36 scales were
obtained for the PF subscale (M = 95.6, SD= 10.4) and the lowest SF- 36 scores were obtained for the VT
subscale (M = 54, SD= 12.1). Similarly, in a general university population in Belgrade, Pekmezovic, et al. (2011)
used the SF- 36 to examine functioning among 1,624 students (53.7% females) from different university majors.
They found that the highest scores of the SF- 36 scales were obtained for the PF subscale (M = 93.7, SD= 12.5)
and the lowest SF- 36 scores were obtained for the VT subscale (M = 64.7, SD= 21.1). Additionally, Pekmezovic,
et al. (2011) found that medical students scored significantly worse in vitality than social, humanities, technology
and engineering students (p= .001). Further, medical students scored significantly worse in the mental health
domain (MH) than social and humanities students (p= .014) and technology and engineering students (p= .006).
Additionally, technology and engineering students scored significantly better than medical students in the RE (p
= .030). Similarly, medical students in Paro et al (2010) study reported highest SF 36 scores for the physical
functioning subscale and the lowest for the vitality subscale.
On the other hand, Ducinskiene, et al., (2003) used the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire
[WHOQol-BREF (scores ranged from 4- 20, higher scores denote better functioning)] to examine QOL among
919 students from three universities in Lithuania. They found that the overall QOL score was 13.7. Further, the
highest mean scores were for the physical health domain (15.0, SD= 2.0), while the lowest mean scores were for
the environment domain (12.0, SD= 2.4).
Demographic variables such as gender and grade point average [GPA]) have been shown to be related to QOL;
however, the findings have not been consistent. In relation to gender, several investigators found that women had
lower scores than males on all SF36 domains (Bhandari, 2012; Pekmezovic et al., 2011) while others found that
females scored higher than male in the general health domain (Amini et al., 2007; Paro et al., 2010). Further,
Amini et al reported that females had significant lower scores on physical functioning and bodily pain domains
(p<.001, p= .002 respectively). In Pekmezovic et al study, females reported significant lower scores for all SF36
domains (all Ps = .001) except for role physical domain (p= .43) although females reported lower scores (83.0 +
26.6) than males (84.1 + 26.6). Additionally, Ducinskiene et al (2003) who used the WHOHRQol-Bref to
examine QOL found that females (14.92 + 2.07) scored significantly lower than males (51.23 + 1.92) in Physical
domain (p<.05). It seems that QOL scores in terms of gender is Contradictory, and this warrant further
investigation.
No studies were found that examined the relationship between QOL and employment and academic achievement
among university students or among nursing students. Thus, further studies are needed to explore this
relationship.
1.2 Purpose of the study
Previous QOL research suggested that students in health care majors may experience lower levels of functioning
than students from other majors. More studies are needed, however, to explore students of health majors physical
and psychosocial functioning. Thus, the aim of the current study was to examine QOL among university students
in Jordan.
2. Methods
2.1 Design
This is a descriptive study to describe QOL among nursing college students in Jordan and to compare the
differences in QOL in terms of academic achievement.
2.2 Sample
The participants were full-time undergraduate Jordanian nursing students at a large private university in Amman,
Jordan. The inclusion criteria were: men and women at least 18 years old, able to read and write in Arabic, and a
current student in the bachelors program at the college of nursing. Students who had physical disability were
excluded from the study.
2.3 Measures
All participants completed the demographic questionnaire which included questions about age, gender, academic
achievement (measured by grade point average [GPA]), marital status, and clinical course enrolment. The GPA
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followed a scale of 0 to 100 score with <60 considered poor while 100 is a perfect score. The 0 to 100 score that
is calculated cumulatively from all of their courses was the score used in the data analysis.
QOL was measured by the Arabic version of the SF- 36 (Sabbah, et al., 2003).The SF-36 is a widely used
multidimensional scale to assess health and functioning (Ware, et al., 2000; Ware, et al., 1993). This generic tool
is universally valued and is not age, disease, or treatment specific. The SF-36 measures eight health domains:
Physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional and
mental health. The domain scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores denoting better functioning. The
internal consistency reliabilities ranged from .85 for general health to .94 for physical functioning among 2,737
of the U.S. population (Kazis, et al., 2004). In an Arab general population (n= 1632), the internal consistency
reliabilities of the subscales ranged from .70 to .90 (Sabbah, et al., 2003). In this study, the average internal
consistency for all subscales reliabilities was .71.
2.4 Procedures
Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the institution IRB where the study was conducted.
Participants were recruited through direct contact with the investigators at the university campus. The
participants were screened for the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were invited to participate in the study.
Then the investigators reassured the participants that participating in the study is voluntary. The study purpose,
objectives, risks, and benefits were explained for potential participants. The participants were informed that their
return of the questionnaires constituted consent. Additionally, all information regarding the participants was kept
confidential in a locked file. The questionnaires were given to the students at the beginning of the class and
required about 10 minutes for the students to complete.
2.5 Data analysis
The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used for data analysis. All data were double
checked for accuracy. Frequency distributions were examined to check for outliers and normality of distributions.
Means and standard deviations for continuous variables and numbers and percentages for categorical variables
were computed. The t-test was used to compare differences between groups for continuous variables.
3. Results
The demographic characteristics of the participants are illustrated in table 1. Data were obtained from 119
current university nursing students. The mean age of the participants was 24.1 (SD= 3.53). The majority of the
students were single (n=100; 84%), were about half male and half female and employed (n=64; 54%). The
students primarily worked as nursing assistants in either an 8 or 12 hour shift for a total of <40 hours per week.
Most of the students (n= 89; 75.4%) were enrolled in clinical course (n= 89; 75.4%). The mean GPA for the
students was 72.6 (SD= 5.5).
The mean scale scores of SF-36 in each domain among students are illustrated in table 2. The highest scores
were obtained for physical functioning domain (78.1) and the lowest scores were for vitality domain (52.3).
The two genders did not differ in any of the eight domains of the SF-36 except for physical functioning (t= -2.44,
p= .016) see table 3. There were no significant differences for all SF-36 domains between students in terms of
enrolment in clinical courses (Ps ranged from .07 for pain to .84 for role emotional). Also there was no
significant relationship between total SF-36 scores and GPA (r= .09, p= .29).
In terms of employment, there were significant differences between employed and not employed students in role
physical (t= -2.11, p= .03), social functioning (t= -3.30, p= .001), and bodily pain domains (t= -3.28, p= .001) see
table 4.
4. Discussion
The results of the study indicate that the highest values of the SF-36 subscales were obtained for physical
functioning and the lowest were for vitality. This is the first study to examine quality of life (QOL) among
college students in Jordan using the Arabic version of the SF-36. Also, no studies were found that used the SF-
36 to measure QOL among Arab students; however, two studies were found that examined QOL using the SF-36
among general Arabic populations. The first study examined QOL among Jordanian household (n= 511), where
the researchers set up a normative SF- 36 data in north Jordan (Khalder et al., 2011). The researchers studied
different age group. The age group ranged from 18-24 years was comparable to the current study. Students in the
current study scored higher than the Jordanian normative data in all 8 SF- 36 subscales. In the second study,
Sabbah et al (2003) examined QOL among the general population in Lebanon. Two hundred and eight subjects
form age group 20-39 years reported the highest scores for the PF domain (89.0, SD= 17.2), while the lowest
scores were for the RE domain (55.2, SD= 42.4).
QOL results in the current study were consistent with other non-Arabic studies that examined QOL among
university students. Similar to the current study, students in different studies reported the highest QOL scores for
the PF domain while the lower scores were for the vitality domain (Pekmezovic, et al., 2011; Posadzki, et al.,
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2009). The scores for PF domain ranged from 93.7 (SD= 12.5) (Pekmezovic, et al) to 95.6 (SD= 10.4) (Posadzki,
et al). Further the vitality scores ranged from 54 (SD= 12.1) (Posadzki, et al) to 64.7 (SD= 21.1) (Pekmezovic, et
al). Additionally, in a large study included 919 university students in Lithuania, the researchers used WHOQol-
BREF, the highest mean scores were for the physical health domain (15.0, SD= 2.0), while the lowest mean
scores were for the environment domain (12.0, SD= 2.4). The reason for the results in the current study may be
due to the fact that the majority of students are working as full time nurses and have adapted physically to the
situation. While they have lower vitality due to extended hours they spent in the school and work.
The current study did not reveal significant differences in quality of life in terms of gender except for physical
functioning domain. Although there were no significant differences between males and females in the current
study, males scored higher than females in the following domains; GH, MH, BP and VT. In contrast females
scored higher than males in the following domains; SF, RE, PF and RP. Similar results were reported by females
in north Jordan (Khader et al., 2011). In the same age group as the current study (18-24 years), females reported
higher scores than males in the following domains; PF, RP, BP, and SF (Khader et al).
In non-Arabic studies, inconsistent results were reported in terms of gender. Most of the studies reported
significant lower scores for females in all SF 36 domains (Bhandari, 2012; Pekmezovic et al., 2011), while
others reported that females scored higher than male in the general health domain (Amini et al., 2007; Paro et al.,
2010).The reason why females in the current study scored higher than males in more SF-36 domains comes from
the fact that females in Arabic countries did not have independent living until graduation. Arabic females stay
with their families until they get married, then they may get worry about their own living requirement.
Consequently, Arabic females may experience better quality of life than females in western culture where they
become independent and responsible for their own living requirement as they attend the university.
Students, who were employed, reported lower scores than students who were not employed in all SF-36 domains
except for PF. Non-employed scored significantly higher in RP, BP, SF domains. In the current study, almost
half of the sample have diploma in nursing and bridging to get their bachelor degree. They are full time
employees with 40 work hours per week. The work consumes a large part of the student time that may affect
their quality of life. No studies were found that examined the relationship between QOL and employment among
university students, however, in other populations, Barisin, Benjak, and Vuletic (2011) reported that unemployed
women with disabilities reported significantly lower QOL scores than employed women in psychological health
(p <.001), social relationships (p= .004), and environmental (p<.001) domains. Similarly, employment status was
strongly related to better physical health (B= 6.8, 95% CI: 4.6 to 9.1) among patients with AIDS (Rueda et al.,
2011).
In the current study, there was no significant relationship between QOL and academic achievement. No studies
were found that examined the relationship between QOL and academic achievement among university students
which make the comparison difficult. However, Sweileh et al. (2011) studied the relationship between sleep
disturbances and academic achievement among 400 medical students. They measured academic achievement on
a four point scale: excellent, good, satisfactory, and poor. They reported that students with a higher frequency of
nightmares had lower academic achievement (r= .40, p= .02). The insignificant results in QOL in terms of GPA
in the current study could be due to eustress which might encourage students to have better academic
achievement in order to have a job post-graduation. This job might enhance the students’ financial status which
will positively improve the other QOL domains. Thus, further studies are needed to explore the relationship
between QOL and academic achievement among university students.
5. Conclusion
The collected data in the current study indicate that the average scores of nursing students QOL were close to
Jordanian normative data and less than data that was reported by the general population. Results from this study
suggest QOL has a relationship with some student's demographic variables. Among factors that significantly
influence QOL in our sample, employment was prominent. Therefore, in future research, attention should be paid
on the improvement of financial status of the students. Nursing students work full-time to fulfill their financial
academic requirements. Academic institution may offer more scholarship for the students to help them to
overcome their academic financial requirement and consequently improve their QOL so that students do not
have to work while attending school. These findings emphasize that the college administrative personnel and the
faculty have to incorporate QOL into academic curriculum. This will allow nursing students to receive more
knowledge about QOL and ways to improve their QOL. Further, more descriptive and intervention studies is
needed to address the specific issues that are related to student's QOL in Jordan.
Limitations and future research
Although this study is the first to investigate QOL among nursing students, there are several potential limitations.
First, this study utilized a convenience sample of nursing students from a single university. Therefore, the
results could not be generalized to the general population of university students in Jordan. Future research may
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include students from more than one university to provide opportunity for generalization of the results.
Additionally, future experimental research may allow for randomization and control that enhance the
generalization. Second, the measures were self-report instruments that may increase the possibility of bias.
Future research may utilize more than one QOL instrument, and conduct correlational comparisons to overcome
the bias. Third, the sample was not representative for all university students. The current study sample was from
nursing students only. Future research may include students from other university majors. This will allow for
comparisons and give insight for QOL among the general university population. In the current study, the data
were collected by the students’ professors. This may raise the possibility for social desirability operating in the
students’ responses in that they reported they functioning better than they actually were.
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Table 1
Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Sample
Variable Total (N= 119)
Mean SD (range)
Age 24.11 3.53 (19-40)
GPA 72.6 5.5 (54-88)
N%
Gender
- Male
- Female
60 (50.4%)
59 (49.6%)
Marital status
- Single
- Married
- Divorced
100 (84%)
17 (14.3%)
2 (1.7%)
Employment
- Employed
- Not employed
64 (54.7%)
53 (44.5%)
Enrolled in clinical courses
- Yes
- No
89(75.4%)
26 (22%)
Table 2
SF-36 subscales Means and Standard Deviations (N=119).
SF-36 subscales Mean SD
Physicalfunctioning 78.1 23.0
Role physical 62.5 36.2
Role emotional 56.3 40.0
Vitality/ Energy 52.3 17.8
Emotionalwellbeing 55.3 20.5
Social functioning 61.7 22.4
Pain 73.1 23.4
General health 59.8 13.2
Table 3
Comparisons between males and females in all SF-36 subscales.
Scales of SF-36 Male
Mean (SD)
Female
Mean (SD)
P value
Physical functioning 73.08 (25.8) 83.25 (18.6) .016
Role physical 58.8 (36.1) 66.29 (36.1) .27
Role emotional 53.6 (39.1) 59.23 (41.1) .45
Vitality/ Energy 53.9(17.0) 50.6(18.6) .33
Emotional wellbeing 57.4(18.4) 53.2(22.3) .27
Social functioning 60.7(22.5) 62.7(22.4) .62
Pain 76.5(22.5) 69.5(24.0) .10
General health 60.6(13.8) 58.9(12.6) .48
7. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol.4, No.11, 2013
167
Table 4
Comparisons between employed and non-employed students in all SF-36 subscales.
Scales of SF-36 Employment P value
Yes
Mean (SD)
No
Mean (SD)
Physica lfunctioning 78.4(22.2) 77(24.4) .74
Role physical 56.6(37.8) 70.6(32.3) .03
Role emotional 53.9(41.1) 58.3(39.1) .54
Vitality/ Energy 49.7(18.1) 55.7(17.1) .07
Emotional wellbeing 54.2(20.2) 56.7(20.5) .52
Social functioning 56.1(22.1) 69.4(20.8) .001
Pain 66.6(24.2) 80.4(20.2) .001
General health 58.9(14.4) 61.1(11.6) .36
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