This document summarizes a study that investigated the difference in academic performance between male and female students who were taught gas laws using Problem-Based Instructional Strategy (PBIS).
The study involved 165 secondary school students in Nigeria who were assigned to either an experimental group that was taught using PBIS, or a control group that was taught using traditional lecture methods. Both groups took a pre-test and post-test on gas laws.
The results showed that there was no significant difference in test scores between male and female students in the experimental group that used PBIS. This suggests that PBIS helped reduce any gender gap in understanding and applying gas laws concepts. The study concluded that PBIS is an effective alternative to traditional teaching
Students attitudes towards physics in primary and secondary schools of Dire D...Premier Publishers
The focus of this study was about higher secondary and primary school students’ attitude towards physics subject. The population of this study was some of the higher secondary and primary schools students of Dire Dawa administrative city (Ethiopia), however due to time constraints and convenience students from three government secondary schools, 2 Private secondary schools and l1 government and private schools were taken as convenience sample for this study. The study revealed that students were very much unsatisfied from the physics teacher methodology moreover students have considered physics as difficult subject and developed negative attitudes on the calculation part of the subject. The result also revealed that girls are more attracted on physics subject when they at primary than secondary schools, like grade 9 and 11.
Correcting Students’ Chemical Misconceptions based on Two Conceptual change s...iosrjce
The purpose of the study was to correct students’ misconceptions using constru ctivism and analogy
as instructional technique and to evaluate the effect on achievement. The participants in the study included 66
SSII Chemistry Students from two intact classes of a chemistry course instructed by the researchers. One class
was randomly assigned as the experimental group, and was instructed with constructivism and analogy
approach; the other class was assigned as control group and was instructed with lecture method. Chemical
Concept Achievement Test (CCAT) was administered to the experimental the two groups as pre -test and post
test to measure the students’ prior knowledge and achievements respectively. The results showed that students
in the experimental group performed better than those in the control group, using the t-test statistic at (P <
0.05). The correlation coefficient (r) of the pretest and post-test of the experimental group was also significant.
It was concluded that teaching by constructivism and analogy was a better way of correcting students’ chemical
misconceptions. Teachers are therefore, advised to adopt this teaching method. Text writers and curriculum
developers are advised to also change their texts and curriculum designs respectively
Students attitudes towards physics in primary and secondary schools of Dire D...Premier Publishers
The focus of this study was about higher secondary and primary school students’ attitude towards physics subject. The population of this study was some of the higher secondary and primary schools students of Dire Dawa administrative city (Ethiopia), however due to time constraints and convenience students from three government secondary schools, 2 Private secondary schools and l1 government and private schools were taken as convenience sample for this study. The study revealed that students were very much unsatisfied from the physics teacher methodology moreover students have considered physics as difficult subject and developed negative attitudes on the calculation part of the subject. The result also revealed that girls are more attracted on physics subject when they at primary than secondary schools, like grade 9 and 11.
Correcting Students’ Chemical Misconceptions based on Two Conceptual change s...iosrjce
The purpose of the study was to correct students’ misconceptions using constru ctivism and analogy
as instructional technique and to evaluate the effect on achievement. The participants in the study included 66
SSII Chemistry Students from two intact classes of a chemistry course instructed by the researchers. One class
was randomly assigned as the experimental group, and was instructed with constructivism and analogy
approach; the other class was assigned as control group and was instructed with lecture method. Chemical
Concept Achievement Test (CCAT) was administered to the experimental the two groups as pre -test and post
test to measure the students’ prior knowledge and achievements respectively. The results showed that students
in the experimental group performed better than those in the control group, using the t-test statistic at (P <
0.05). The correlation coefficient (r) of the pretest and post-test of the experimental group was also significant.
It was concluded that teaching by constructivism and analogy was a better way of correcting students’ chemical
misconceptions. Teachers are therefore, advised to adopt this teaching method. Text writers and curriculum
developers are advised to also change their texts and curriculum designs respectively
This study was a survey conducted to determine the influence of stake holders on student career choice particularly amongst undergraduate students in school of science education Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi Kano.
Designing an Innovative Assessment of HOTS in the Science Learning for the 21...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science learning in the 21st century should develop the abilities of the students to find solutions to the problems. This task requires a set of skills called Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS) and innovative assessment should be designed to gauge the acquisition of these skills. Thus, this study aimed to create an innovative HOTS-based assessment tool in
science learning. It entailed a method following the research and development model. It covered the topic of genetics and involved biology experts and junior high school students.
The result initially showed that the assessment tool has high content validity. It further revealed that the items have a high-reliability index and they loaded on components based
on the three HOTS intended for the test. Thus, this paper concludes that the HOTS-based assessment tool is a good classroom test to gauge the science learning of the students.
Gender Participation and Performance of Pre-Service Teachers in Physics Educa...iosrjce
This study was carried out with a view to investigating the existence of gender imbalance in the
participation and performance of pre-service teachers in physics education program in College of Education,
Azare. Data used in the study were obtained from students’ personal records, examination score sheets and
final cumulative results. Simple percentage and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Findings
revealed that there exists serious gender gap in favor of male students in the participation of pre-service
teachers in physics education program. However, findings also showed that the performance of pre-service
teachers in physics education is independent of gender. The study concludes that, although women are
underrepresented in physics education program in College of Education, Azare, both male and female students
have equal chances of performing well in physics. Suggestions on how to adjust the observed gender imbalance
in favor of the disadvantaged group were proffered.
Effect Of Supervised Peer-Led Group Counselling Programme On Academic Achieve...iosrjce
Recent trends in global circumstances have focused on one goal of educating every child on the globe.
The growing problems of quality manpower shortages, international circumstances, and advancement in the
sciences, professional and specialized fields have contributed to the increasing awareness of the importance of
modifying academic achievement of underachieving students. In today’s society, according to Howard and
Solberg (2006), education is highly valued and a necessary prerequisite to becoming successful and
experiencing at least a moderately high quality of life as an adult. It is important to note that academic
achievements is very important to the adolescent population and as submitted by Marsh (1990) it is extremely
important given the correlation between school achievement and positive outcomes over the life span
The present study is an analysis of the differences in Life Satisfaction of Science students studying in North-Eastern Hill University. It may be mentioned that related literature supports that there are differences in Life Satisfaction amongst different group of students in universities. For the purpose of the study, necessary information was gathered through the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS). The t-test was applied to find out the significant group differences. The results revealed significant differences in the groups of students. The present study contributes to the understanding of differences in Life Satisfaction of the different groups of students in the university arena.
Green Consumerism in Environmental Learning: 7th-grade Students ProEnvironmen...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science education in the 21st century including biology learning at the level of Junior High School requires a more contextual implementation. Environmental learning topics such as green consumerism is a contextual topic in biology learning. Students must have high Pro-Environmental Behavior (PEB) to participate in protecting the environment. The purpose of this study was to measure the PEB of students at the 7th-grade level. The research method used descriptive with survey data collection techniques. The study was conducted in November-December 2018 at State Junior High School 1 South Tambun, West Java, Indonesia. A total sample of 135 students in 7th grade was selected by simple random sampling. The results showed there were six PEB indicators based on Green Consumerism that were Energy Conservation (86.37), Transportation (56.67), Waste Avoidance (53.04), Daily Consumption (64.44), Recycling (58.89), Social Behavior (60.54). Among the six indicators, only energy conservation was categorized as very high, while the others are categorized as moderate. This study concluded that PEB students must be improved by various models, methods, and media in biology learning.
Effects Of Using Gagne’s Learning Hierarchy On Chemistry Students’ Academic A...IOSR Journals
This study investigates the Effects of Using Gagne’s Learning Hierarchy on Chemistry Students’ Academic Achievement and Anxiety level in Balancing Chemical Equations in Secondary Schools. The study sample used 100 SSII students randomly selected from two Senior Secondary Schools in Katsina Metropolis. The two schools were randomly placed as experimental and control groups each with 50 students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design was used for the study. The study subjects in the experimental group were taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy, while the control group was taught using lecture method for the period of six weeks. Two instruments; Balancing Chemical Equation Achievement Test (BCEAT), and Students’ Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (SASQ) with reliability coefficient of 0.79 and 0.78 respectively, were used to collect data for the study. Performances of the two groups were compared using their posttest mean scores. The major findings from the study are: Students taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy recorded high academic achievement than those taught using to lecture method. The anxiety level of students taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy tended to be low when compared with students taught using lecture method. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made: Chemistry teachers should as much as possible arranges concepts taught in Chemistry hierarchically so that students can learn the simple concepts which will help their understanding of abstract or complex concepts.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of Contextual Teaching Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Che...YogeshIJTSRD
The study investigated the effect of contextual teaching learning approach CTLA on chemistry students’ academic retention in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. A pre test, posttest quasi experimental design was used involving a sample of 130 students drawn from six education zones in the state. The instrument known as contextual learning chemistry retention test CLCRT , validated by two experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used for data collection. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t test was used to test the null hypotheses at P 0.05. The result revealed that CTLA had significant effect on students’ academic retention in chemistry. Finding implies there is need for chemistry teachers should adopt the use of contextual teaching learning approach to improve the performance of students in chemistry. Obikezie, Maxwell Chukwunazo | Abumchukwu, Adanna A | Chikendu, Rebbeca Ebonam "Effect of Contextual Teaching-Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Chemistry in Secondary Schools in Anambra State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39864.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/39864/effect-of-contextual-teachinglearning-approach-on-students’-retention-in-chemistry-in-secondary-schools-in-anambra-state/obikezie-maxwell-chukwunazo
This study was a survey conducted to determine the influence of stake holders on student career choice particularly amongst undergraduate students in school of science education Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi Kano.
Designing an Innovative Assessment of HOTS in the Science Learning for the 21...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science learning in the 21st century should develop the abilities of the students to find solutions to the problems. This task requires a set of skills called Higher Order Thinking
Skills (HOTS) and innovative assessment should be designed to gauge the acquisition of these skills. Thus, this study aimed to create an innovative HOTS-based assessment tool in
science learning. It entailed a method following the research and development model. It covered the topic of genetics and involved biology experts and junior high school students.
The result initially showed that the assessment tool has high content validity. It further revealed that the items have a high-reliability index and they loaded on components based
on the three HOTS intended for the test. Thus, this paper concludes that the HOTS-based assessment tool is a good classroom test to gauge the science learning of the students.
Gender Participation and Performance of Pre-Service Teachers in Physics Educa...iosrjce
This study was carried out with a view to investigating the existence of gender imbalance in the
participation and performance of pre-service teachers in physics education program in College of Education,
Azare. Data used in the study were obtained from students’ personal records, examination score sheets and
final cumulative results. Simple percentage and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Findings
revealed that there exists serious gender gap in favor of male students in the participation of pre-service
teachers in physics education program. However, findings also showed that the performance of pre-service
teachers in physics education is independent of gender. The study concludes that, although women are
underrepresented in physics education program in College of Education, Azare, both male and female students
have equal chances of performing well in physics. Suggestions on how to adjust the observed gender imbalance
in favor of the disadvantaged group were proffered.
Effect Of Supervised Peer-Led Group Counselling Programme On Academic Achieve...iosrjce
Recent trends in global circumstances have focused on one goal of educating every child on the globe.
The growing problems of quality manpower shortages, international circumstances, and advancement in the
sciences, professional and specialized fields have contributed to the increasing awareness of the importance of
modifying academic achievement of underachieving students. In today’s society, according to Howard and
Solberg (2006), education is highly valued and a necessary prerequisite to becoming successful and
experiencing at least a moderately high quality of life as an adult. It is important to note that academic
achievements is very important to the adolescent population and as submitted by Marsh (1990) it is extremely
important given the correlation between school achievement and positive outcomes over the life span
The present study is an analysis of the differences in Life Satisfaction of Science students studying in North-Eastern Hill University. It may be mentioned that related literature supports that there are differences in Life Satisfaction amongst different group of students in universities. For the purpose of the study, necessary information was gathered through the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS). The t-test was applied to find out the significant group differences. The results revealed significant differences in the groups of students. The present study contributes to the understanding of differences in Life Satisfaction of the different groups of students in the university arena.
Green Consumerism in Environmental Learning: 7th-grade Students ProEnvironmen...Md. Mehadi Rahman
Science education in the 21st century including biology learning at the level of Junior High School requires a more contextual implementation. Environmental learning topics such as green consumerism is a contextual topic in biology learning. Students must have high Pro-Environmental Behavior (PEB) to participate in protecting the environment. The purpose of this study was to measure the PEB of students at the 7th-grade level. The research method used descriptive with survey data collection techniques. The study was conducted in November-December 2018 at State Junior High School 1 South Tambun, West Java, Indonesia. A total sample of 135 students in 7th grade was selected by simple random sampling. The results showed there were six PEB indicators based on Green Consumerism that were Energy Conservation (86.37), Transportation (56.67), Waste Avoidance (53.04), Daily Consumption (64.44), Recycling (58.89), Social Behavior (60.54). Among the six indicators, only energy conservation was categorized as very high, while the others are categorized as moderate. This study concluded that PEB students must be improved by various models, methods, and media in biology learning.
Effects Of Using Gagne’s Learning Hierarchy On Chemistry Students’ Academic A...IOSR Journals
This study investigates the Effects of Using Gagne’s Learning Hierarchy on Chemistry Students’ Academic Achievement and Anxiety level in Balancing Chemical Equations in Secondary Schools. The study sample used 100 SSII students randomly selected from two Senior Secondary Schools in Katsina Metropolis. The two schools were randomly placed as experimental and control groups each with 50 students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design was used for the study. The study subjects in the experimental group were taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy, while the control group was taught using lecture method for the period of six weeks. Two instruments; Balancing Chemical Equation Achievement Test (BCEAT), and Students’ Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (SASQ) with reliability coefficient of 0.79 and 0.78 respectively, were used to collect data for the study. Performances of the two groups were compared using their posttest mean scores. The major findings from the study are: Students taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy recorded high academic achievement than those taught using to lecture method. The anxiety level of students taught using Gagne’s learning hierarchy tended to be low when compared with students taught using lecture method. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made: Chemistry teachers should as much as possible arranges concepts taught in Chemistry hierarchically so that students can learn the simple concepts which will help their understanding of abstract or complex concepts.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of Contextual Teaching Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Che...YogeshIJTSRD
The study investigated the effect of contextual teaching learning approach CTLA on chemistry students’ academic retention in secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. A pre test, posttest quasi experimental design was used involving a sample of 130 students drawn from six education zones in the state. The instrument known as contextual learning chemistry retention test CLCRT , validated by two experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used for data collection. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t test was used to test the null hypotheses at P 0.05. The result revealed that CTLA had significant effect on students’ academic retention in chemistry. Finding implies there is need for chemistry teachers should adopt the use of contextual teaching learning approach to improve the performance of students in chemistry. Obikezie, Maxwell Chukwunazo | Abumchukwu, Adanna A | Chikendu, Rebbeca Ebonam "Effect of Contextual Teaching-Learning Approach on Students’ Retention in Chemistry in Secondary Schools in Anambra State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39864.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/39864/effect-of-contextual-teachinglearning-approach-on-students’-retention-in-chemistry-in-secondary-schools-in-anambra-state/obikezie-maxwell-chukwunazo
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline
Influence of School Rules' Formulation on Students' Discipline in Public Seco...inventionjournals
Since independence, the Kenyan Government's desire has been to ensure quality education. However, learning institutions have been plagued with cases of students’ unrest and indiscipline which mitigate against quality education. In spite of the existence of school rules, many secondary schools are reporting a wide range of potentially disruptive behaviors in the classrooms and around the schools. This study sought to investigate the influence of school rules' formulation on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. It was guided by four research objectives which were: to determine the influence of students' involvement in the process of formulating school rules on their discipline, to find out whether students know all their school rules and the influence on their discipline, to establish whether students like their school rules and the influence on their discipline and to determine the influence of shared goals and plans on students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The study targeted 324 principals, 3,865 teachers and 97,200 students in public secondary schools in Makueni County, and employed descriptive survey design. The sample size of the study, which was obtained by stratified and simple random sampling procedures, was 100 principals, 387 teachers and 398 students who participated in the study. Questionnaire, interview guide and observation schedule research instruments were utilized for the study. Test-retest technique of reliability was used to affirm the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.675 for questionnaire for students and 0.748 for questionnaire for the teachers. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in frequency tables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. From the data analysis, it was found out that the processes of formulation of school rules and regulations had significant positive relationship at r=+0.612, p=0.030 with levels of students' discipline in public secondary schools in Makueni County. The researcher recommended that principals in public secondary school in Makueni County should actively involve students in the process of formulation of school rules and regulations, so as to enhance students’ discipline.
Teaching Skills in Basic Sciences Implication for Quality Teacher Education BabayemiJohnOlakunle1
This paper investigated the effects of crossword-picture puzzle (CPP) and gender on students’ attitude to Basic Science. A pretest-posttest quasi experimental design was adopted. The sample comprised 389 JSS II Basic Science Students from nine schools randomly selected in three States (Oyo, Ogun and Ondo) in Southwestern Nigeria. Four instruments used were-Teachers’ Instructional Guides for: Crossword-Picture Puzzle Teaching Strategy, Conventional Lecture Method; Basic Science Students’ Attitude Scale (r=0.80); and Evaluation Sheets for assessing research assistants. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were analysed using ANCOVA and mean scores. Results revealed that treatment had significant main effect on students’ attitude to basic science (F (2,389) =11.51; p<0.05; ᵑ2=.06). Crossword-picture puzzle enhanced attitude scores ( =58.43) than Conventional Lecture Method ( =52.08). Gender had no significant main effect on students’ attitude scores (F (1,389) =.404; p>.05; ᵑ2 =.001). The interaction effect of treatment and gender on attitude scores was not significant (F(2,389) =.477; p>.05; ᵑ2=.003).Crossword -picture puzzle strategy is therefore, recommended to be adopted by Basic Science teachers and curriculum planners in enhancing students’ attitude to Basic Science.
Chemistry Students Assessment of Their Chemistry Teachers Usage of Ncce Pedag...iosrjce
This study assessed the students’ assessment of their chemistry teachers’ usage of the eleven
pedagogical methods in the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) benchmark. It also
assessed the influence of college ownership and gender on the usage. The study was carried out in Federal and
State owned Colleges in the five States in South-East zone of Nigeria. The sample for the study comprises of two
hundred (200) final year chemistry students drawn from the seven Colleges in the five States in the zone. Three
research quests and three hypotheses guided the study. 55-item questionnaire constructed by the researcher
from the eleven pedagogical methods in the Benchmark was used as instrument for data collection. This
instrument was validated by experts in the field and reliability sought and established using Cronbach alph
technique and was found to be 87. Data collected were analysed using means and standard deviation for
research questions and independent t-test for hypotheses at 0.05 level of confidence. The results obtained
showed that out of eleven methods only four (demonstration experimental, discussion and lecture methods) were
used regularities by teachers during classroom instructions. All other seven methods were not adequately used.
Gender and college ownership have no remarkable influence on the usage of these methods. Recommendation
for the usage of all the methods was made
EDUC 8102-6 - MD7Assgn5: Research Application Paper #2. eckchela
This is Walden University course (EDUC8102-6) MD7Assgn5: Research Application Paper #2. The purpose of this paper is to compare, contrast, and critique the following articles:
(a) “Conflict Resolution and Transformative Pedagogy a Grounded Theory Research. Project on Learning in Higher Education” by Fetherston and Kelly (2007)
(b) “Gender Differences in Smoking and Meanings of Smoking in Asian-American College Students” by Hsia and Spruijt-Metz (2008). It is written in APA format and includes references. Most universities submit higher-education assignments to turnitin; so, remember to paraphrase. Enjoy your discovery!
Assessment of Chemistry Teachers Usage of National Commission for Colleges of...iosrjce
This study assessed the College chemistry teachers assessment of their usage of eleven pedagogical
methods in the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) Benchmark. The study also monitored
the influence of teachers qualification and gender on the usage of these methods. The study was carried out in
both Federal and State Colleges of Education in the five States in South-East zone of Nigeria. The sample for
the study comprises of all the sixty-one (61) chemistry teachers drawn from the seven colleges (state & federal)
in the five States. Three research questions and the three hypotheses guided this work. 55-item questionnaire
constructed by the researcher from the eleven pedagogical methods in the Benchmark was used as instrument
for data collection. This instrument was validated by experts in the field and reliability sought and after pilot
study and found to have 0.87 alpha value using Cronbach technique. Data collected were analyzed using means
and standard deviation for research questions and independent t-test for hypotheses at 0.05 level of confidence.
The result obtained showed that chemistry teachers adequately use only four methods, (demonstration,
experimental, discussion and lecture) during their classroom instructions. All other seven methods were not
adequately used. It was also discovered that teachers’ qualification and gender have no remarkable influence
on the usage of these methods. Recommendations for the usage of other methods were made.
Similar to The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gender Academic Performance Difference (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in Gas Laws Class: A Gender Academic Performance Difference
1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
458
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
The Use of Problem-Based Instruction Strategy (PBIS) in
Gas Laws Class: A Gender Academic Performance Difference
Popoola, Racheal Adewumi
Researcher, Science Education Department,
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Prof. Olorundare, A. Solomon
Science Education Department,
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study is an aspect of an unpublished Master thesis
which employed quasi-experimental design to
investigate the gender academic performance
difference in chemistry among senior secondary
school students in Nigeria. The study sampled 165
students and used PBIS to teach the gas laws among
the sampled students. The research used Gas Law
Achievement Test (GLAT) and a researcher-designed
problem-based instructional material as instruments.
The data obtained were analyzed using the t-test
statistical analysis. Only one research question and
one hypothesis guided the study. Finding reveals there
was no significant difference between male and
female students taught the gas laws using PBIS. The
study has implications for the teaching and learning of
chemistry.
KEYWORD: problem-based instruction, gas law,
academic performance, chemistry curriculum
I. INTRODUCTION
Chemistry is defined as the science that systematically
studies the composition, properties, and uses of
matter. It is assumed to be essential to almost all
fields in science and technology. For instance; the
knowledge of chemistry is brought into play in the
manufacturing of fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides,
drugs, and fungicide.
One of the most popular topics in the senior school
chemistry certificate examination is gas laws. The
Nigeria senior school chemistry curriculum is
formulated around four central themes organized in a
spiral form and across the three years of senior
secondary school education. The topics are; chemistry
and industry, the chemical world, chemistry and
environment, and the chemistry of life (Federal
Ministry of Education FME, 2007).Gas laws as a
topic come under the theme of the chemical world
listed for the study of gas laws in the chemistry
curriculum.
The overall performance of Nigerian secondary
school student, the senior school certificate
examinations in chemistry over the years has not been
encouraging. The summary of the enrolment result
and the chief examiner report on the West Africa
Senior School Certificate conducted in Nigeria within
the period of 2006-2014 are presented in Table1
Year
Total Sat
Percentage
Total
Credit
(A1 – C6)
Pass
percentage
(A1 – C6)
2006 308,104 170,670
55.30
2007 422,681 194,284 45.90
2008 418,423(98.0) 185,949 44.44
2009 468,546(98.0) 204,725 43.69
2010 465,643(97.5) 236,059 50.70
2011 565,692(98.25) 280,250 49.54
2012 627,302(97.77) 270,570 43.13
2013 639,296(98.36) 462,517 72.34
2014 636268(98.79) 397,649 62.49
Table 1: Achievement of WAEC candidates in
chemistry between 2006 and 2014
(Source: WAEC)
According to Chegwidden (2006), problem-based
instructional strategy or as established by Howard
Barrows in the year 1960’s as part of the education of
physicians in medical school. Problem-based
instructional performance strategy is a strategy that
Neild (2004) defined as a set of problem provided to
small groups of students to try to solve, the problems
students discuss each problem among the small units
retrieves their prior knowledge related to the problem
and search for new information that helps in solving
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
459
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
the problems. The PBIS aim is to assist students in
developing rich cognitive models when solving the
problem. The teachers act as facilitator and organizer
(Mckimm, 2003). Savin-Baden (2006) argues that
teachers aimed when using problem-based
instructional are to develop their student self-
independent learning and reasoning.
A problem-based performance strategy is an
alternative to the unsuccessful conventional method of
teaching. Several types of research have been carried
out on the popularity of different methods of teaching.
Ayot and Patel (1987) wrote that despite that the
lecture methods do not cater for realizing the aims of
teaching all subjects, and it is not helping the learner
to understand all that needs to be understood, it is
almost dominant today, and it is likely by the majority
of teachers.
Wilson (2004) investigated the effect of two teaching
methods that is traditional lecturing method on
student’s cognitive achievement and problem-solving
skills in biology. He showed that the treatment groups
performed significantly better than the control group.
Olatoye, Aderogba and Aanu (2012) investigated the
main and interaction effects of cooperative and
individual teaching methods in senior secondary
schools students’ performance in organic chemistry.
Results revealed that there was a significant main
effect of cooperative learning on students’
achievement in chemistry. This shows that the
cooperative learning is effective in enhancing student
achievement in organic chemistry. Both cooperative
and individualized methods significantly improved
students’ performance in organic chemistry.
Gender is a state of being a male or a female. Gender
is a cultural construct that distinguishes the roles,
behavior, mental and emotional characteristics
between females and males developed by the Society
(Udosoro, 2011). Umoh (2003) defined gender as a
psychological term used in describing behaviors and
attributes expected of individuals and attributes
expected of individuals by being born as either a male
or female.
Gender is also the properties that distinguish organism
by their sexual roles as female or male
(Abubakar&Uboh, 2010). Okeke (2003) noted that the
study of gender means the analysis of the relationship
between men and women including the division of
labors, access to resources and other factors which are
determined by the society as opposed to being
determined by their sex.
Many researchers have provided reports that there are
no longer distinguishing differences in the cognitive,
affective and psychomotor skill achievements of
students in respect of gender (Arigbabu&Mji, 2004;
Bilesanmi – Awoderu, 2006; David& Stanley, 2000;
Din, Ming, and Esther 2004; Freedman, 2002).
However, Billing (2000); Eccles, Lord, Roeser,
Barber, and Jozefowicz1997); Hyde and Mckinley
(1997), in their studies found that male students
performed better than the female learners in the
cognitive, affective and psychomotor skill
achievements.
Odebunmi (2003) conducted a study at Ladoke
Akintola University of Technology involving 2500
students randomly selected from part one to four.
Data was obtained using a questionnaire and data was
analyzed using simple percentage and t-test. It was
discovered that there was real significance difference
in male and female student’s attitudes towards the
usage of the library. Similarly, Bajah (1997)
conducted a study on the influence of gender and
environment among chemistry students; it was
discovered that the male students are superior to
female students in school performance.
Researchers found on gender studies have indicated
that attitudes toward science education differ between
males and females. A declining interest in chemistry
and under-representation of females in the chemical
science was found (Jacobs, 2000: cited in Banya,
2005). Self-confidence toward chemistry, the
influence of role models, and knowledge about the
usefulness of chemistry affect the decision of young
female students about the study of chemistry (Banya,
2005). In the event of young female students finding
difficulty in constructing knowledge of chemistry,
self-confidence is lowered with subsequent alternation
of attitudes toward chemistry (Banya, 2005). Despite
the studies and the recommendations made, the
attitudes of young female students toward science and
chemistry are still then positive than that of the male
students.
Mackintosh (1998) posits that there was no sex
difference in general intelligence. Mackintosh
proposed that general intelligence should be defined
as reasoning ability and that the best measures of this
are the progressive matrices.
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
460
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
Durosaro (2011) noted that gender equally projects
the properties that distinguish and classify organisms
by their sexual and cultural and psychological
attributes of men and women through their socio-
economic contributions, expectations, and limitations.
Thus, the concept of gender does not support or
suggest the dominance of the male over the female or
vice versa in academic and other human resource
development and utilization of competencies and
endowed capabilities of both sexes.
Other researchers had also shown a decline in the
differences between the genders in the past few
decades on a standardized test, suggesting that the
more exposure that women are getting to mathematics
and science classes the better their scores. Even
though this research puts into questions whether
gender differences still exist in academic
achievement, many research studies are still finding
differences in performance as well as several interests
in the area related to mathematics.
Studies on gender differences in chemistry
performance have continued to yield inconsistent
results (Usman&Memem. 2007). The results of some
studies indicate that male students achieve
significantly better than the girls (Usman&Libah,
2007). Whereas some other studies reveal no
significant difference in the achievement of the two
genders (Loofa, 2001), where these differences exist
between the boys and the girls, it has usually been
attributed to different exposure of males and females
to experiences relevant to chemistry learning. This is
occasioned by the traditional cultural attitude towards
the female gender which restricts them from activities
considered masculine (Okeke, 1990)
Samuel and John (2004) examined how the
cooperative class experiment (CCE) teaching methods
affect students’ achievement in chemistry. They found
that there was no significant difference in gender
achievement between the experimental and control
groups, but girls had a slightly higher mean score than
boys did. Busch (1995) reported that female students
had significantly lower self-efficacy than males on
chemistry-related and other traditionally male-
dominated subject including a computer. Other
researchers on the interrelationship of gender and
chemistry have reported no significant gender
influence on achievement in chemistry.
Agwagah and Harbor-Peters (1994) have reported that
little differences are identified between males and
females in chemistry achievement at ages 9 through
13 years but at age 11, females perform poorer than
the males. Olatoye, Aderogba and Anu (2012) opined
that the interaction effect of treatment, gender and
self-concept on students’ performance in organic
chemistry is not significant when using cooperative
and individualized teaching methods. However, co-
operative method was found to be significantly better
than individualized method
Chi-Chan (1997) investigated the effect of classroom
goal structures on children’s goal orientation,
mathematics achievement, and intrinsic motivation.
He also assessed gender effects and the interaction
effects between goal structure and gender in these
learning situations on the variables related to
mathematics learning. The results showed no
significant gender effects on the variables of goals
orientation, mathematics achievement, intrinsic
motivation, and beliefs about failure.
DrzewieckiandWestberg (1997) carried out a survey
of high school students to better understand how
students’ attitudes toward mathematics differ by
gender and by grouping technique used for
mathematics instructions and found that there was no
significant main effect for gender and instructional
method.
Given the above background, this study investigated
the difference(s) the existed between male and female
students academic performance in the Senior
Secondary School chemistry using PIBS. The choice
of PIBS and the Gas Laws was purposive to make the
study unique and different from the previous studies
on the gender academic achievement. Besides, the
concept of gas law is selected because it has been
identified as one of the very difficult concepts in
senior secondary school chemistry curriculum
(NERDC (1993).
It also helped to found out if gender difference does
not exist based on the topic and the method of
instruction as observed in physics by Crouch,
Watkins, Fagen and Mazur (2007). Therefore, only
one research question was raised, and one hypothesis
tested to guide the study.
Research Question
Is there any significant difference between the male
and female students taught using problem-based
instructional strategy?
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
461
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
Research Hypothesis
There is no significant difference between the
performance of male and female students taught using
problem- based instructional strategy.
Research design
This study was a quasi-experimental research
designed to determine the effect of problem-based
instructional strategy on senior school students’
performance in chemistry. The quasi-experimental
study is considered useful when a researcher wants to
collect data on phenomena to know the difference
between the control and the experimental group.
The design of the research is shown below
Experimental group O1 X O2
Control group O3 O4
X means treatment for the experimental group (those
taught using problem-based instructional strategy)
O1 means pre-test for the experiment group before the
introduction of the problem-based instructional
approach. (PBLS)
O2 means posttest for the experimental group.
O3 means pre-test for the control group
O4 means post-test for the control group
Sample and Sampling Techniques
All senior secondary school students two in a Local
Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria constituted
the population. A sample of two schools was
purposively selected using the simple random
sampling technique. The schools were chosen based
on the following criteria that the schools were a co-
educational, that is male and female constitute the
learner.
In each of the schools, an intact class was used. Senior
School two (SSII) students participated in the study
because they were not preparing for Senior School
Certificate Examinations (WASSCE) and National
Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE) at the
time of the study and they had learned some
fundamental concepts in gas laws.
Research Instruments
Two instruments were used for this study; they are
achievement test on gas laws and a researcher-
designed problem-based instructional material. The
problem-based learning material was utilized for the
experimental group; problem-based instructional
manual and achievement test on gas law
Validation of Research Instruments
The instrument was given to the two science
education experts in a Nigerian University for
validation. The reliability of the instrument was
determined by the test-retest method for three weeks
interval in which the test items were used for students
of another school that is not participating in the study.
The reliability was determined using Pearson Product
Moment Correlation statistics. A coefficient of 0.81
was obtained.
Procedure for Data Collection
A letter of introduction of the researcher seeking
permission to carry out the research and administer
test items was presented to the principals of the
selected secondary schools. The researcher
administered a pretest to both control and
experimental group. The researcher carried out the
main treatment which lasted for six weeks, while the
research assistant taught the control group. Post-test
was administered to both experimental and control
group at the end of the treatment.
The experimental group was taught gas laws by using
problem-based instructional strategy. It is a learner-
center method of teaching, and the researcher’s role
was to facilitate learning regarding organizing,
monitoring, and supervising learning. In this group,
students were given roles according to their
performance in the pre-test, the group leader was
selected for each group, the timekeeper, the secretary
and code of conducts was given to guard against
misbehavior in the class. The duties of the group
leader were to oversee all conduct in each group; the
secretary wrote the report of each activity of each
lesson and any other assigned work given by the
researcher, and she presented the report as demanded
by the researcher. The timekeeper kept the time to
stop each activity in the group.
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
462
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
In the experimental group, gas laws achievement test
was given on individual basis in other to gather data
to be able to vary the result of PBIS method on
students’ performance on gas laws in chemistry. The
control group students were not exposed to the
treatment when taught gas laws. At the end of the
exercise, Gas Law Achievement Test (GLAT) was
administered to assess their performance.
Data Analysis Techniques
The data collected from the post-test of the
experimental group were analyzed using the t-test
statistical tool to answer the research question and test
the hypothesis. The research hypothesis was tested for
statistical significance at 0.05 level of significance.
Results and Discussion
Research Question 1: Is there any significant
difference between the male and female students
taught using problem-based instructional strategy?
HO1: There is no significant difference between the
performance of male and female students taught using
problem- based instructional strategy.
To test hypothesis HO1, the obtained scores of male
and female students in the experimental group
(students taught using problem-based instructional
strategy) were collated. The set of data was then
subjected to independent t-test using SPSS 21.0 and
computed at the level of significance of 0.05. The
analysis output is shown in Table 1.
Gender
No of
Students
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Df
Cal
t-value
Sig Decision
Male 24 29.29 4.21 6
1.82 0.21 N.S
Female 39 28.59 6.02 1
P < 0.05
Table 1 : t-test Analysis Showing Difference in Scores of Male and Female Students Taught Using Problem-based
Instructional Strategy
It can be seen from Table 1 that the calculated
significance of 0.21 with 61 degrees of freedom was
greater than the 0.05 level of significance. Therefore
the research hypothesis one was retained. This implies
that there was no significant difference in the
academic performance of male and female students
taught with problem-based instructional strategy. This
finding is at variance with Eccles, Lord, Roeser,
Barber, and Jozefowicz(1997); Hyde and Mckinley
(1997) but agreed with Bilesanmi – Awoderu, (2006);
David and Stanley(2000); Din, Ming, and Esther
(2004); Freedman(2002). The submissions by these
various authors concerning the finding of this study
indicate that Usman and Memem. (2007) was correct
that research studies outcome on gender academic
difference in chemistry is not consistent.
CONCLUSION
Given the detailed analysis, finding and discussion
above, there was no significant difference in academic
performance of students in PBIS class based on
gender. This does not imply the students in this group
had the same scores in the gas laws achievement test.
There may be differences in scores, but it is not
significant to conclude that a particular gender is
better academically than the other.
Implication for Further Study
The outcome of this study has implications for the
teaching and learning of chemistry and other related
science subjects like physics where students learn gas
laws. The result of the study implies both male and
female students have the same academic potential if
they learn under the same condition. Therefore,
teachers should stop discriminating against any
gender. The study could also be replicated in another
school using different students and teachers.
REFERENCES
1) Abubakar, R.B, &Uboh, V. (2010). Breaking the
gender barrier in enrolment and academic
achievement of science and mathematics students.
Akoka. Journal of Pure and Applied Science
Education.
6. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
463
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
2) Agwagoh, U.N., and Harbour – peters, V.F.
(1994).Gender difference in Mathematics
Achievement.Journal of Education and
Psychology in Third world Africa,1(1), 19
3) Arigbabu, A.A. &Mji, A. (2004). Is Gender a
factor in performance among Nigeria preservice
Teachers?Sex role, 51(11&12), 749.
4) Ayot, M.O., & Patel, M.M. (1987).Instructional
Methods Series on provision of leadership
training in Teacher Education supported by ODA
through British Council HED school. The
Kenyatta University of London, Institute of
Education.
5) Ali, R. (2010). Effect of using problem-solving
method in Teaching Mathematics.
6) Asian Social Science 6(2). Retrieved from
http://ccsenet.org/journal
/index.php/ass/Article/viewfile/5004/4170.
7) Bajah, S.T. (1997). Correlate students’ Extinsil
School environment. Farwith level of attainment
in a standardize test in chemistry. Journal of
Science. Teachers’ Association of Nigeria, 18(1)
49 – 50.
8) Banya, S.K. (2005). Study of Factors Affecting
Attitude of young students toward chemistry at the
High School Level. Ph.D. Dissertation.College of
science and Technology of the University of
Southern Mississippi.
9) Bilesanmi – Awoderu, V.B. (2006), Effect of
computer-assisted instructandsimulation/Games
on the Academic Achievement of secondary
School students in Biology. Sokoto Educational
Review 8(1). 49 – 60.
10) Busch, T. (1995).Gender differences in self-
efficacy a performance among students of
Business Administration.Scandinavian Journal of
Education Research 39, 311 – 318.
11) Cheguidden, W. (2006). A problem-based
learning pathway for medical student: Improving
the process through action research Ann Acad.
Med. 35:642-646.
12) Chin .C. &Chia, L. G. (2004). Problem-based
learning; using students’ questions to drive
knowledge construction, Science Education,
88(5), 707-727
13) Crouch, C.H, & Mazur, E. (2001). Peer
instruction: Ten years of experience and results
14) American Journal of Physics, 69(9), 970-977.
DOI: 10.1119/1.1374249
15) David, K. &Stawey, H.L. (2000). Effect of
Gender on computer-based chemistry
16) Problem-solving.Electronic Journal of Science
Education. 4 (4) ISSN 224– 0524
17) Din,Y.Y., Ming, M.C., Esther,S.H. (2004). Hong
Kong Students Achievement in OECD-PISA
study: Gender Differences in Science content,
Literary skills and Test Item formats, International
Journal of Science and Mathematics
Education,2(1),91-106.
18) Durosaro, D.O. (2002). Refocusing Education in
Nigeria: Implications for funding and
Management In S.Oriafor, P.O.E. Nwokolo and
G.C. Igborgbor (Eds).Refocusing Education in
Nigeria. 33 – 37 Benin City, Nigeria: Da-Sylvia
influence.
19) Drzewiecki, L.A., &Westberg, K.L. (1997).
Gender difference in High School
20) Students Attitudes toward Mathematics in
Traditional Versus Cooperative Group.The
National Research Centre on the Gifted and
Talented.Pring Newsletter.
21) Eccles, J.S., Lord, S.E., Roesen R.W., Barber,
B.L. &Jozefowecz, D.M. (1997). The Association
of School Transitions in Early Adolescence with
Developmental Trajectories through High
School.In J. Scholenberg& J. Maggi & K.
Hurrelmann (Eds), Health Risks and
Developmental Transitions during Adolescence
(PP 283 – 320). New York: Cambridge
University Press.
22) Ekepte,O.A.(2002). Enhancing understanding of
chemical arithmetic in learning of
chemistry.African Journal of Research in
Education vol2 pg 162-165.
23) Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004).National
Policy on Education. Lagos: (NERDC).
24) Freedman, M.P. (2002).The influence of
Laboratory Instruction on Science Achievement
and Attitude towards science across Gender
differences.Journal of Women and minorities in
science and Engineering.8 (2). 50.
25) Hyde, J.s., Mckinley, N.M. (1997). Gender
difference in cognition.Results from Meat-
Analysis.Incaplan, P.J., Grawford, M., Hyde, J.S.
& Richardson, J.T.E. (Eds).Gender difference in
Human cognition (PP 30 – 51). New York:
Oxford Press.
26) Jacobs, J.E., Lanza, S., Osgood, D.W., Eccles, J.S.
&Wigfield, A. (2000). Changes in children’s self-
competence and values: Gender and Domain
differences across grades one through twelve
Child development. 73 (2), 509 – 525.
7. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(4), ISSN: 2456-6470
www.ijtsrd.com
464
IJTSRD | May-Jun 2017
Available Online @www.ijtsrd.com
27) Loofa, J.K. (2001).Sex, Age and performance in
chemistry. Instructional Science, 18,119 – 147.
28) Lynn, R. (1998). Sex differences in intelligence: A
rejoinder to Mackintosh, Journal of Biosocial
Sciences, 30, 529 – 532.
29) NERDC (1993). National Education Research
Council. Report on the workshop on difficult
concepts in science and Mathematics.
30) Mackintosh, N.J.(1998). Reply to Lynn, Journal of
Biosocial Science, 30, 533-539.
31) Mckimw, J. (2003). Facilitating Learning:
Teaching and Learning methods Retrieved on
April 22, 2013, form http://www.faculty. London
earner A.C. UK //..// small-group teaching.
32) Neild (2004).Defining, measuring and maintaining
the quality of problem-based learning. Australian
University Quality Forum 2004.
33) Odebunmi, F.O. (2003). Attitude of students of
theLagokeAkintola University of Technology,
Ogbomoso towards the used of library. An
Unpublished, B.Ed (ed) submitted to the
Department of Education. University of Ado –
Ekiti.
34) Okeke,E.C.(2003). Gender and Sexuality
Education: Bridging the Gap in Human Resource
Development. Journal of Curriculum Organization
of Nigeria 10(1), 117-120.
35) Olatoye, R.A., Aderogba, A.A., &Aann, E.M
(2011).Effect of cooperative and individualized
teaching methods on senior secondary school
students’ achievement in organic chemistry. The
Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 12(2).
36) Samuel, W.W. & John, G.M., (2007).Effect of
cooperative class experiment teaching method on
secondary school students’ chemistry
achievement in Kenya NakaruDistrict.
International Education Journal 5(1), 26 – 35.
37) Udousoro, U.J. (2011). The effects of gender and
mathematics ability on academic performance of
students in chemistry. An international
multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. 5(4), 201 –
213.
38) Savin – Baden, M. &Wilkie, K. (2006). (eds)
Problem-based learning onlinemaiden
headmccraw Hill.
39) Umoh, C.G., (2003). 5(4), 201 – 213.A
theoretical analysis of the effects of gender and
family on human resource development. Journal
of curriculum organization of Nigeria, 10 (1), 1 –
4.
40) Usman and Uba, A.I. (2007). Improving students’
achievement in further chemistry using team
teaching approach. Review of Education, 18(10),
15-29.
41) Usman, K.O. & Memeh, I.M. (2007). Using
guided scoring teaching strategy to improving
students’ achievement in chemistry at secondary
school level in Nigeria. Journal of Science
Teacher Association of Nigeria.
42) Wilson, C. (2004). Intervention central-prior
knowledge: Activating the known 71. 677 – 681A.
Retrieved December 5, 2012 form
http://www.intervention
central.org/htmdocs/interventions/rdngcompr/prio
rknows.html.