This document provides an overview of quality in software development according to ISO standards. It begins with Maria Teryokhina introducing her education and work experience in software development. The goal is then stated as observing general quality points and processes according to ISO standards. Various definitions and perspectives on quality from philosophy, economy, and standards are presented. Key aspects of quality like functionality, reliability, and maintainability are defined according to ISO 9126. Process quality frameworks like CMM, CMMI, and ISO 9000 are overviewed. Quality control and quality assurance are distinguished as reactive and proactive approaches. Principles of quality management are discussed throughout.

1. Core Systems Transformation Solutions
Quality in SW Development
Maria Teryokhina,
N. Novgorod, 2014

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About Myself
Education:
• NNGU, 2010 – master’s degree, “Mathematics and
Mechanics” department
Work Experience:
• 2008-2011 “Symphony Teleca”: desktop applications (PC Sync for
Android), mobile phones (Win platforms), applications for mobile
phones (Symbian);
• 2011-2012 “Tecom”: Windows applications for automation of the digital
broadcasting system
• 2012- “Return on Intelligence”: web-applications (HR Management,
Benefits Management systems)
• 2014 (Part Time) “Freemake”: IPhone applications, desktop
applications

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Goal
• To observe general points of Quality in SW development in
accordance with ISO Standards;
• To observe the processes responsible for Quality in SW development.

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Agenda
• Quality Meanings Overview
• ISO 9126 Overview
• ISO 9000-2005 Overview
• QA and QC Overview

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Quality
What does “Quality” mean?

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Quality in Philosophy
“Quality, in the first place, is a characteristic identical to
being: so identical that a thing ceases to be what it is, if it
loses its quality.”
© Hegel, “Encyclopedia of Philosophy“

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Quality in Economy
“Quality is a set of properties, attributes of a product,
goods, services, work and labor, responsible for
their ability to meet the needs and demands of
people, fit their purposes and requirements. Quality
is a measure of conformity of the goods, works and
service conditions and requirements of the
standards, contracts, consumer demand.”
©Raizberg BA , Lozovskiy LS Starodubtseva EB. Modern
Dictionary of Economics. - 2nd ed., Rev. Moscow: INFRA-M.
1999.

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Quality in Economy
“Quality is a set of properties, attributes of a product, goods, services, work
and labor, responsible for their ability to meet the needs and demands of
people, fit their purposes and requirements. Quality is a measure of
conformity of the goods, works and service conditions and requirements of
the standards, contracts, consumer demand.”

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Quality in Standards
 ГОСТ 15467-79: “Quality is a set of product characteristics that determine its
suitability to satisfy certain requirements in accordance with its purpose.”
 ISO 8402—86: “Quality is the totality of features and characteristics of the products
or services that give them the ability to meet the needs arising from or alleged”
 ГОСТ Р ISO 9000-2005: “Quality is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics
satisfies certain requirements”

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Characteristics of Quality
ISO/IEC 9126:
 Functionality
 Reliability
 Usability
 Efficiency
 Maintainability
 Portability

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Functionality - A set of attributes that bear on the existence of a set of functions and their
specified properties. The functions are those that satisfy stated or implied needs.
– Suitability
– Accuracy
– Interoperability
– Security
– Functionality Compliance

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Reliability - A set of attributes that bear on the capability of software to maintain its level of
performance under stated conditions for a stated period of time.
– Maturity
– Fault Tolerance
– Recoverability
– Reliability Compliance

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Usability - A set of attributes that bear on the effort needed for use, and on the individual
assessment of such use, by a stated or implied set of users.
– Understandability
– Learnability
– Operability
– Attractiveness
– Usability Compliance

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Efficiency - A set of attributes that bear on the relationship between the level of
performance of the software and the amount of resources used, under stated conditions.
– Time Behaviour
– Resource Utilization
– Efficiency Compliance

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Maintainability - A set of attributes that bear on the effort needed to make specified
modifications.
– Analyzability
– Changeability
– Stability
– Testability
– Maintainability Compliance

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Portability - A set of attributes that bear on the ability of software to be transferred from one
environment to another.
– Adaptability
– Installability
– Co-Existence
– Replaceability
– Portability Compliance

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Quality in Economy
“Quality is a set of properties, attributes of a product, goods, services, work
and labor, responsible for their ability to meet the needs and demands of
people, fit their purposes and requirements. Quality is a measure of
conformity of the goods, works and service conditions and requirements of
the standards, contracts, consumer demand.”

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CMM/CMMI
 Initial
 Repeatable
 Defined
 Managed
 Optimizing

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ISO 9000-2005:
 Customer focus
 Leadership
 Involvement of people
 Process approach
 System approach to management
 Continual improvement
 Factual approach to decision making
 Mutually beneficial supplier relationships

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Customer focus
Organizations depend on their customers and therefore should understand current and
future customer needs, should meet customer requirements and strive to exceed
customer expectations.

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Leadership
Leaders establish unity of purpose and direction of the organization. They should create and
maintain the internal environment in which people can become fully involved in
achieving the organization's objectives.

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Involvement of people
People at all levels are the essence of an organization and their full involvement enables
their abilities to be used for the organization's benefit.

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Process approach
A desired result is achieved more efficiently when activities and related resources are
managed as a process.

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System approach to management
Identifying, understanding and managing interrelated processes as a system contributes to
the organization's effectiveness and efficiency in achieving its objectives.

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Continual improvement
Continual improvement of the organization's overall performance should be a permanent
objective of the organization.

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Factual approach to decision making
Effective decisions are based on the analysis of data and information.

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Mutually beneficial supplier relationships
An organization and its suppliers are interdependent and a mutually beneficial relationship
enhances the ability of both to create value.

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Quality in Economy
“Quality is a set of properties, attributes of a product, goods, services, work and labor,
responsible for their ability to meet the needs and demands of people, fit their
purposes and requirements. Quality is a measure of conformity of the goods,
works and service conditions and requirements of the standards, contracts,
consumer demand.”

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QC and QA - Definitions
 QC is a set of activities for ensuring quality in products. The activities focus on
identifying defects in the actual products produced.
 QA is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the processes by which products are
developed.

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QC and QA - Focuses
 QC aims to identify (and correct) defects in the finished product. Quality control,
therefore, is a reactive process.
 QA aims to prevent defects with a focus on the process used to make the product. It is a
proactive quality process.

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QC and QA - Goals
 The goal of QC is to identify defects after a product is developed and before it's
released.
 The goal of QA is to improve development and test processes so that defects do not
arise when the product is being developed.

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QC and QA - Ways
 QC: Finding & eliminating sources of quality problems through tools & equipment so that
customer's requirements are continually met.
 QA: Establishing a good quality management system and assessing its adequacy.
Periodic conformance audits of the operations of the system.

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QC and QA - Objects
 QC: The activities or techniques used to achieve and maintain the product quality,
process and service.
 QA: Prevention of quality problems through planned and systematic activities including
documentation.

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QC and QA – Responsibilities
 QC is usually the responsibility of a specific team that tests the product for defects.
 QA: Everyone on the team involved in developing the product is responsible for quality
assurance.

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QC and QA - Examples
 QC
Validation/Software Testing
 QA
Verification
1012-2012 - IEEE Standard for System and Software Verification and Validation:
Validation
The assurance that a product, service, or system meets the needs of the customer and other identified
stakeholders. It often involves acceptance and suitability with external customers. Contrast with verification.“
Verification.
The evaluation of whether or not a product, service, or system complies with a regulation, requirement,
specification, or imposed condition. It is often an internal process. Contrast with validation.

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Quality Principles

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Literature
 1012-2012 - IEEE “Standard for System and Software Verification and
Validation”
 ISO 9000 Series of Standards
 ISO/IEC 9126 “Software engineering — Product quality”
 Raizberg BA, Lozovskiy LS Starodubtseva EB. Modern Dictionary of
Economics. - 2nd ed.
 http://en.wikipedia.org
 http://www.diffen.com

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Questions?

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Thank you
Maria Teryokhina
QA Lead
Nizhniy Novgorod
Skype: mariateryokhina
maria.teryokhina@returnonintelligence.com