Public service broadcasters aim to both inform and entertain viewers while improving society. The BBC is a prime example, being formed in 1922 with a mandate from John Reith to educate, inform and entertain. Key dates include the start of BBC television in 1936 and the launch of commercial stations like ITV in 1954 and Channel 4 in 1982. Public service broadcasters are largely funded by licenses fees while commercial stations rely on advertising revenue. There is debate around whether the public service broadcasting model remains relevant in today's competitive media landscape.
The news agencies, also known as wire services, are among the most powerful and trusted names in news business. Some of them like Reuters have been in existence since the nineteenth century.
However, few are aware of their reach or existence. They do not own physical properties such as newspapers or television channels. But they generate news for all forms of media. Their subscribers include newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television networks and now news sites.
The news agencies, also known as wire services, are among the most powerful and trusted names in news business. Some of them like Reuters have been in existence since the nineteenth century.
However, few are aware of their reach or existence. They do not own physical properties such as newspapers or television channels. But they generate news for all forms of media. Their subscribers include newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television networks and now news sites.
PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING IN THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHE...Ella Bo
Presentation on British public service broadcasting for module: Media Systems in an International Comparative Perspective as part of an MA in Journalism, Media, and Globalisation at Universität Hamburg.
Marc Kushin
P1 - Leaners explore UK TV broadcasting through a focused case study on a UK TV broadcasting including
A) - Operating Model
B) - Product Types
C) - Modes of Delivery
D) - Programme Content
E) - Production Process
F) - Audience Profile
G) - Distribution
H) - Regulating Bodies
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Public Service Broadcasting
1. Public Service BroadcastingPublic Service Broadcasting
Public service broadcasters generally transmit
programming that aims to improve society by
informing viewers
Public service broadcasters also strive to
entertain their viewers
2. Public Service BroadcastingPublic Service Broadcasting
The BBC is a good example of a Public Service
Broadcaster. Here are some key dates:
– 1922, the BBC is formed and John Reith is
installed as General Manager
– The company begins a daily radio broadcast
– 1925, following the invention of television, Reith
presents a statement of his views on broadcasting.
He argues that broadcasting should:
Educate, inform and entertain
Act as a cultural, moral and educative force
3. Public Service BroadcastingPublic Service Broadcasting
Further key dates:
– 1936-39, BBC television begins broadcasting,
although radio is still dominant
– 1954, the Television Act allows commercial
television to be broadcast, although it must keep to
some of the principles of public service and:
Educate, inform and entertain
– 1955, ITV begins transmitting
– 1982, Channel 4 is launched
– 1984, Sky satellite channel is launched
4. Commercial TelevisionCommercial Television
The aim of commercial stations (ITV, 5 and
SKY) is to provide popular shows that attract
an audience -therefore leading to higher prices
when advertising is sold
For this reason, the ideals of public
broadcasting are often incompatible with
commercial goals
See TV Ratings
5. Channel 4Channel 4
Channel 4 was set up after a 1977 government
report argued that television was not meeting
the needs of a diverse society
Channel 4 thus has a legal duty to:
– Inform, educate and entertain
– Appeal to tastes not catered for by ITV
– Encourage diversity and originality
– Be distinctive
Channel 4 is thus both commercial and PSB
6. FundingFunding
75% of the BBC’s funding comes from the
licence fee (currently set at £131.50)
The remaining income comes from commercial
activities such as:
– Worldwide sales of its programmes
– Publications such as Radio Times, Top Gear, Good
Food, etc
9. FundingFunding
Channel 4 is both a commercial channel and
has a public service broadcasting (PSB) duty. It
is therefore funded through:
– Advertising
– Some Government funding (a small part of the
licence fee)
10. Funding - IssuesFunding - Issues
The future of the licence fee is under attack in
today's competitive market
– Why should consumers pay when they can get
quality programming elsewhere?
– The BBC has launched digital stations such as
BBC News 24, BBC3 and BBC4 but these are not
universally available
11. PSB – Key ArgumentsPSB – Key Arguments
Arguments against:
– Outdated
– Irrelevant
– Elitist
– Restricting competition which could bring
increased choice and ‘quality’
12. PSB – Key ArgumentsPSB – Key Arguments
Arguments for:
– Maintain the principle of an ‘enlightened
democracy’
– Maintain the high standards of broadcasting
– Judge success by ‘quality’ rather than ratings
– Continue the idea of a shared experience – guard
against the narrowcasting of satellite TV
