what is the use private extension services.whart are the advantages of private extension servies.What is the difference between public and private extension services.
Extension Plus is a new framework that provides agricultural extension system in India to act as a nodal agency within the agricultural innovation system
Extension Plus is a new framework that provides agricultural extension system in India to act as a nodal agency within the agricultural innovation system
Extn 501 Development Perspectives Of Extension Education Sunil Kr. Meena
1. KISAN CALL CENTER (KCC)
2. FARMER FIELD SCHOOL (FSS)
3. NATIONAL AGRICULTURE INNOVATION PROJECT (NAIP)
4. MARKET LED EXTENSION
5. CURRENT APPROACH IN EXTENSION
_____________________________________________________________
Sunil Kr. Meena
M.Sc Extension Education
Dr. PDKV Akola (Ms)
Innovations in agricultural extension: What can Ethiopia learn from global ex...ILRI
Presented by Ranjitha Puskur, Ponniah Anandajayasekeram and Sindu Workneh at the MoARD Workshop on “Improving Agricultural Extension Service Delivery Approaches”, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 22 June 2006.
IFPRI- CSISA organized a one day high level policy roundtable on Sustainable Intensification in India’s Risk-Prone Ecologies: Investment strategies for productivity growth, resource conservation, and climate risk management” on May 19, 2014 in New Delhi.
This roundtable, brings together a high-level small group of individuals from the corporate, government, and research sectors to address one of India’s most urgent challenges to food security and economic growth—how to encourage private sector investment in accelerating productivity growth in India’s risk-prone ecologies while simultaneously conserving the environment.
There are solutions already in farmers’ fields and rural markets that respond to these challenges, and this Roundtable will highlight recent advances, for example: innovative financial products and information services for small-scale farmers; diagnostic tools for managing water and soil nutrient scarcity; custom-hired resource-conserving machinery for small farms; crop diversification and high-value marketing strategies; and stress-resistant wheat and rice varieties. But the search for solutions is far from complete. This Roundtable is meant to engage participants in a rapid-fire discussion of recent technical solutions in Indian agriculture, the prospects for policy change, and corporate outlooks for the next five years. The purpose is to help public and private sector players to identify common investment strategies, forge partnerships, and chalk out collaborative efforts to effect technological, market, and policy improvements in India’s risk prone ecologies.
Farmers necessitate vast information to sustain their farmhouse activities. Information is
required not just on better and best practices & advanced technologies for production of crop
which is gained through Green Revolution but as well information about post harvest
perspectives including handling, processing, promoting, storage & marketing. Farmers need
access to convenient, firm, and pertinent information that can support intricacy inside which
their farm activities work. Even though farming expansion today has a wide array, this survey
demonstrates that in spite of pluralistic augmentation methods in India, the scope &
utilization of the said services are constrained. The purpose of this paper is to analyze rural
extension programs in of general society, private and third parts in India. The paper
investigates; fundamentals of extension, significance of rural extension, agribusiness
extension methodologies in India, general difficulties and limitations of agricultural extension
this is the NGO summer internship project by me in 2013 at keonjhar district.further information please contact me,,chittaranjan.senapati7@gmail.com
cell-09658067122
Extn 501 Development Perspectives Of Extension Education Sunil Kr. Meena
1. KISAN CALL CENTER (KCC)
2. FARMER FIELD SCHOOL (FSS)
3. NATIONAL AGRICULTURE INNOVATION PROJECT (NAIP)
4. MARKET LED EXTENSION
5. CURRENT APPROACH IN EXTENSION
_____________________________________________________________
Sunil Kr. Meena
M.Sc Extension Education
Dr. PDKV Akola (Ms)
Innovations in agricultural extension: What can Ethiopia learn from global ex...ILRI
Presented by Ranjitha Puskur, Ponniah Anandajayasekeram and Sindu Workneh at the MoARD Workshop on “Improving Agricultural Extension Service Delivery Approaches”, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 22 June 2006.
IFPRI- CSISA organized a one day high level policy roundtable on Sustainable Intensification in India’s Risk-Prone Ecologies: Investment strategies for productivity growth, resource conservation, and climate risk management” on May 19, 2014 in New Delhi.
This roundtable, brings together a high-level small group of individuals from the corporate, government, and research sectors to address one of India’s most urgent challenges to food security and economic growth—how to encourage private sector investment in accelerating productivity growth in India’s risk-prone ecologies while simultaneously conserving the environment.
There are solutions already in farmers’ fields and rural markets that respond to these challenges, and this Roundtable will highlight recent advances, for example: innovative financial products and information services for small-scale farmers; diagnostic tools for managing water and soil nutrient scarcity; custom-hired resource-conserving machinery for small farms; crop diversification and high-value marketing strategies; and stress-resistant wheat and rice varieties. But the search for solutions is far from complete. This Roundtable is meant to engage participants in a rapid-fire discussion of recent technical solutions in Indian agriculture, the prospects for policy change, and corporate outlooks for the next five years. The purpose is to help public and private sector players to identify common investment strategies, forge partnerships, and chalk out collaborative efforts to effect technological, market, and policy improvements in India’s risk prone ecologies.
Farmers necessitate vast information to sustain their farmhouse activities. Information is
required not just on better and best practices & advanced technologies for production of crop
which is gained through Green Revolution but as well information about post harvest
perspectives including handling, processing, promoting, storage & marketing. Farmers need
access to convenient, firm, and pertinent information that can support intricacy inside which
their farm activities work. Even though farming expansion today has a wide array, this survey
demonstrates that in spite of pluralistic augmentation methods in India, the scope &
utilization of the said services are constrained. The purpose of this paper is to analyze rural
extension programs in of general society, private and third parts in India. The paper
investigates; fundamentals of extension, significance of rural extension, agribusiness
extension methodologies in India, general difficulties and limitations of agricultural extension
this is the NGO summer internship project by me in 2013 at keonjhar district.further information please contact me,,chittaranjan.senapati7@gmail.com
cell-09658067122
Transforming Agrarian Economy through Innovative Science and Technologydewaliroy
Agriculture is the backbone of Indian Economy. In spite of having Higher Production Still Our agriculture system is technology deficit which is stopping us to attain a sustainable Agriculture System with Higher Productivity. Adopting Innovative Technology and linking it with the Agrarian Society will help us to bring the Transformation In Indian Agriculture.
Agriculture plays a important role in the global economy. Agriculture provides food supply to the entire world through providing regular supply of food to huge populated developing countries
The presentation provides the potential opportunities about the Agriculture for Sustainable Economic Development process
Ict as an important tool in rural development in context to Agriculture, e - ...Nischay Patel
Here is the various ICT tools that are important in rural development in various sector namely., Agriculture, dairy sector, e- governance, extension and veterinary sector
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Dr. K. KANAGASABAPATHI,
PROFESSOR &HEAD,
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
EXTENSION.
ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
5. INDIA &AGRICULTURE
INDIA:
Population—over 1.21b
GDP growth 6.74%
Geographical areas—328 m/H.
AGRICULTURAL IN INDAI(2016-2017)
Large and diverse agriculture sector.
Total arable land in india160 m/H.
India recorded 277.49 m/t food production.
6. INDIA&AGRICULTURE
India is among top 3 global producers in –Rice,
Wheat, Pulses, Cotton, Peanut,Fruits&Vegetables.
Rice production is expected to climb to a record
111.01 million this crop year.
Wheat output is pegged at 97.11 million/ tones.
Pulse are projected at 23.95 million/ Tones.
Production of oil seed 29.82 million/ Tones.
Cotton production will increase 33.92 million/
tones.
Coarse cereals production will increase 33.92
million bales of 170 kg.
Production of Sugarcane is estimated at 353.23
million/ tones.
SOURCE: Research data book 2017.
7.
8. EXTENSION SYSTEM ---PREAMBLE
NATIONAL LEVEL
Ministry of
Agriculture co-
operation&
farmer welfare.
ICAR
STATE LEVEL
SAUs, Ministry of
Agriculture,
Horticulture,
Animal
husbandry,
Sericulture.,Etc.
Commodity
Boards,
NGOS,
Financial
Institution.
Indian council of agricultural Research (ICAR)is an
apex body at the national level.-----To evolve
effective Transfer of Technology.
State Agriculture Universities(SAUs)come with
viable models that can be replicated through
existing extension machinery besides
implementing models evolved by ICAR system.
Public extension system Private extension
system
9. FIRST PLANNED ATTEMPT:
Educated responsive farmer to take up improved
methods of farming across the country.
Community Development Programme,1952
National Extension Service,1953
AREA BASED SPECIAL PROGRAMMES:
Trained farmers on high yielding varieties and
improved methods of farming to back up these
programs.
Intensive Agriculture District programme,1960.
Intensive Agriculture Area programme,1966.
High Yielding Varieties Programme,1966.
Farmers Training Centers,1967.
The cumulative effect of these programs resulted
in usher in ‘’Green Revolution’’ in Indian
agriculture during late 1970s.
10. Area based programs widened gap between
resource rich and resource poor farmers.
Hence client based programs were introduced.
To enable resources poor farmer to take benefit of
improved farm technology.
Small farmer development Agency (SFDA ,1969)
Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Laborers
programmed (MFAL,1969)
District Rural Development Agency (DRDA,1976)
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP,1978)
Lab To Land Programme Sponsored by ICAR (LLP,1978)
Improve the Socio Economic Condition of
beneficiaries.
Training and Visit System was introduced in 1974 with
world bank assistance.
11. Major Programs:
National
Demonstration,1964.
Operational Research
Projects,1975.
Lab to Land
Programme,1995.
Institutional Village
Linkage programme,1995.
National Agricultural
Technology projects,1998.
National Agricultural
Innovation projects,2006.
EXTENSION SYSTEM
INCLUDES:
ICAR Institutes, SAUs,
KVKs(700) Trainers
Training
Center(10),ATICs,(44),
NGOs, etc
12. MAJOR EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
Farmer’s Training.
Training program for in
Service personnel, model
training courses.
Front line demonstration
(new technology)through
training and field says,
Campaigns.
State/Regional/National/
Fair, exhibitions and
awards.
Exposure visits.
Kissan Call Centers.
ICT and mobile SMSs.
Publications brochures.
Mass media, Audio Video
flims
13. KVKs (FARM SCIENCE CENTERS)
Innovative institution of ICAR at district level:
Started IN 1974 and grown as large network(700
KVKs)
Administered by ICAR institutes/SAUs/ Deemed
Universities/NGOs/SDA.
KVKkvks play a vital role through
On farm testing.
Front line demonstration.
Need based training programs for benefit of
farmers and farm women ,rural youths and
extension personnel.
Creating awareness through extension
programs .
Production of critical and quality inputs.
Agricultural knowledge and resources centers.
15. PUBLIC EXTENSION SYSTEM IN INDIA
India public extension system
concentrated on rural community
development objectives , rather than
having strong agriculture focus.
Policy issues.
Disappointing in transfer of technology.
WEAK POINTS OF PUBIC EXTENSION
SYSTEM:
Extension Workers: Farmers ratio -
1;1000
Inability to reach all farmers.
Ineffective Extension Services.
No need assessment.
Women involvement is low.
16.
17.
18. NEED OF PRIVATISATION
Indian agriculture is self reliant
in food production.
Out of 1,10,000 extension staff of
whom around 20% are graduates.
Low cost technology.
19. The primary goal of Government is to Maintain
Food Security.
India is in process of privatizing its input
system to improve farmer access to purchased
inputs and to create a more efficient input
supply system
process of funding and
delivering the extension
services by private
individuals or organization is
called private extension.(
saravanan &
shivalinge1980).
20. Privatization is the act of reducing the role of
government or increasing the role of
government or increasing the role of private
sector in an activity or in the ownership of
assets.
Privatization is the incidence or presence or
proce3ss of transferring ownership of business
from the public sector(government)to the
private sector.
Private extension is solely the act of private
individuals or organizations where the decision
of privatization solely rests with government
implemented in private extension provider.
Involves extension personnel from private
agency.
Client share the responsibility for services.
Act as alternative to public extension.
21. Maximum possible profit to the clients
through advisory services because their
main objectives is to increase the income
of the farmers.
To become more efficient and effective in
providing services because their survival
depends upon nature of their performance.
Maximum possible profit to the clients
through advisory services because their
main objectives is to increase the
income of the farmers.
To become more efficient and effective
in providing services because their
survival depends upon nature of their
performance
22. PRIVATIZATION APPROACHES:
Share Cropping system
Village extension contract system.
Public extension through private delivery.
Service for voucher.
ASSUMPTION BEHIND PRIVATE
EXTENSION:
Extension generates new income.
Provide Demand –Driven Services.
Increases the voice of farmers in the
extension services.
Become more cost effective with
efficient and quality services.
Private extension increases staff
professionalism.
23. Technological advancement in the
areas of communication information
technology.
Opening out of public research and
educational institutes to part with the
technologies.
Changing---cropping trends and
emergence of contract farming.
Need too earn more from smaller
holdings.
Loss of credibility in the extension
system.
Inability of the public extension
system to reach the large target.
FAVOURABLE FACTORS FOR
PRIVATIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL
EXTENSION IN INDIA
24.
25.
26. SOME SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES OF PRIVATE
SECTOR INITIATIVE.
TATA KISAN SANSAR
ITC’s e -Chaupal
Tarahaat.com portal
Mahindra
Company Ltd.
27. ENABLING AND EMPOWERING FARMERS
An initiative of the Tata Group under the auspices of
Tata chemicals to harness the technological prowess
for solving Indias’s social and economical problems.
Objective in setting up the TSK network is to
empower the Indian famer and support the farming
community in creating more value for their
produce.
The Concept and vision of TKS has evolved over
the year and is based on identifying critical needs
of the farmer.
The three most critical needs are access to
markets/retail spaces, credit facilities and
information/advice.
TKS has been pivotal providing value added
services to farmer, which has he1lped improve
their quality of living.
28. TKS centers provide generic as well as
store brands of
Fertilizers : Urea, DAP,MOP,NPK,ETC.
Specialty Fertilizers : zinc Sulphate, boron,
micro nutrient, calcium nitrate,
organic,water soluble fertilisers.
Seeds: Field crops, Vegetable crop.
Cattlefeed.
Farm Implement.
Soil and Water testing,
Contract farming,
Seed Production,
Application services,
Advisory services.
29. Maximum possible profit to the
clients through advisory
services because their main
objectives is to increase the
income of the farmers.
To become more efficient and
effective in providing services
because their survival depends
upon nature of their
performance.
.
30. An initiative of ITC Limited ,a large multi business
conglomerate in India, to link directly with rural
farmers via the internet for procurement of
agricultural and aquaculture products like soya
bean, Wheat ,coffee, and prawn.
e- choupal service today reach out to over 4
million farmers growing a range of crops in over
40,000 villages through 6500 kiosks across ten
states.(Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Uttrakand,
karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, uttra pradesh,
Rajastan, Maharashtra, kerala, Tamil Nadu.
The e-choupal model has ben specifically designed
to tackle the challenges posed by the unique
features of Indian agriculture,Characterised by
fragenment farms,weak infrastructure and the
involvement of numerous intermediaries,among
others.
31. The e-choupal unshackles the
potential of Indian farmer who has
been trapped in a vicious cycle:
Low risk taking ability.
Low investment.
Low productivity.
Weak market orientation.
Low value addition.
Low margin.
Low risk taking ability.
32. MAHINDRA SHUBHLABH
SERVICES
Established in 2000.
Provide farmers with a single
sources channel to access all the
Products, services, and
knowledge they need to run
productive farms.
We are present at every stage
from planting to selling with seed
supply, crop care, and fresh
produce distribution services..
Before the planting season,we
provide farmers with a portfolio
of seeds including cereals, oil
seeds, fruits, vegetables and
seed potato.
33. By Supplying high quality seeds
before the growing season, we
enhance the potential for improved
farm productivity in several region of
India.
During the growing season,We bring
farmers an array of products to help
them protect their crops and reap
high yield.
Through our wide trade and
distribution network, we supply a
wide range of crop care inputs
including
insecticides,Fungicides,Herbicides,n
utrients,biologicals,and plant growth
promoters.
After harves,We provide distribution
services for fresh produce both
domestically and abroad.
34.
35.
36. DEMERITS OF PRIVATIZATION
Information becomes excludable in the
short term.
More face-to-face contacts and less
emphasis on mass media usage.
Increased dependence of farmer.
Payment cannot be deferred nor based
on impacts.
Contradictory message flows from
competing sources.
Human resource and organizational
development are sidelined.