"Primary Health Care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals & acceptable to them, through their full participation & at a cost the community & country can afford”.
"Primary Health Care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals & acceptable to them, through their full participation & at a cost the community & country can afford”.
3. 2nd PBBSc - Comty - Unit - 3 - Organization and administration of health s...thiru murugan
2nd Year PBBSc Nursingcommunity Health Nursing
Organization and administration of health services in India
UNIT III:
Organization and administration of health services in India.
National health policy
Health Care Delivery system in India.
Health team concept
Centre, State, district, urban health services, rural health services
System of medicines
Centrally sponsored health schemes
Role of voluntary health organizations and international health agencies
Role of health personnel in the community
Public health legislation.
Important questions:
Different level of health services in india (Centre, State, district, urban health services, rural health services)
Health team
System of medicines / AYUSH
Role of health personnel in the community
National health policy
voluntary health organizations – WHO, UNICEF, Red cross
Public health legislation.
National health policy:
Definition:
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society”
National health policy 1983:
National health policy in India was not framed and announced in 1983.
The ministry of health and family welfare evolved a National Health Policy in 1983.
The policy focus on the preventive, promotive, public health and rehabilitation aspects of health care.
To attain the objectives “Health for all by 2000 AD”.
KEY ELEMENTS OF NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY 1983:-
Awareness of health problems
Safe drinking water and sanitation
Rural health infrastructure
Health management of information system
Legislative support to health
Combat wide spread of malnutrition
Research in health care
Different system of medicines
Factors interfering with the progress towards health for all:
Insufficient political commitment
Failure to achieve equality
The low status of women.
Slow socio-economic development.
Lack of human resources.
Inadequacy of health promotion activities.
Weak health information system and no baseline data.
Pollution, lack of water supply and sanitation.
Uncontrolled population
Advanced technology
Natural and man-made disasters
National Health Policy 2002:
The national health policy 1983 revised in 2002 with new objectives and strategies in order meet the health problems and demand of peoples
Objectives:
To achieve an acceptable standard of good health
To upgrading health infrastructure
To improve equitable health service
To give priority for prevention and first line curative
To promote rational use of drugs.
To increase use of Traditional Medicine (AYUSH)
National Health Policy 2002 - Policy prescriptions:
Equity
Delivery of national health programmes
Extending public health services
Education of health care professionals
Need for specialists in 'public health' & 'family medicine
Nursing personnel
Urban health
Mental health
Information Education and Communication
Health research
Role of private sector
Health statistics
Women's health
Medical ethics
Enforcement of quality standard for food &drug
This presentation describe the Health care system in Pakistan.
In this presentation complete information our health system in Pakistan. The advantage and disadvantage are clearly define in presentation.
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STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS REGARDING...Kailash Nagar
STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS REGARDING ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPER ACTIVITY DISORDER IN SELECTED GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL OF NADIAD CITY”
Comparative Study of Teaching Approach Nursing Simulation Vs Group Discussion...Kailash Nagar
Comparative Study of Teaching Approach Nursing Simulation Vs Group Discussion on Respiratory Assessment in Terms of Knowledge and Critical Thinking Abilities Among Nursing Students
Perception and Behavioural Outcome towards COVID-19 Vaccine among Students an...Kailash Nagar
ntroduction: Perception and behaviour towards corona vaccine among peoples in India was poor due to some side effects and negative media publicity in primary phases of vaccination. India has developed two types of vaccine (Covaxin and Covishield). During primary phase of corona vaccine we don’t have appropriate research and literature, about side effects and how far vaccine is reliable that why due so some minor side effect and negative media publicity peoples are very scared to take vaccine. So few peoples were started denial get vaccinated. The researcher wan to explore the positivity through the research result to reduce the negative mindset of the peoples toward corona vaccine, Because in India few peoples has fear to take vaccine against corona due to negative media publicity and scared of side effect.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
8. Certificate course in Community Health (CCCH)
• Total Duration- 6 Months
• Start from-August to February-2020
• After 6 month an exam will be conducted
• About this course
• Under AYUSHYAMAN Bharat, Government of
India is planning to convert all sub centers in
the country as Health and Wellness Center to
provide Comprehensive Primary Health Care.
9. • Human resources are key to success of any
intervention..
•
• To Operationalize these HWC, a Mid Level
Provider will be posted at these centers.
Certificate Course in Community Health is
designed to train these MLPs by IGNOU/GOI.
• In Gujarat, this course is offered by IIPHG
University (Indian Institute of public health
Gandhinagar) in coordination with State Institute
of Health and Family Welfare, Government of
Gujarat
10. Module 1
Basics of Community Health Services and Primary Health Care
Unit No Topic
Unit 1 and
2
Introduction to Public Health, Community
Health and Health Care delivery in India
3 Environment including WASH
4 Basics of Epidemiology and Disease
Surveillance
5 Demography
6 and 7 Basics of Data management , Presentation and
Interpretation
11. Module 2
Primary Health Care in Common conditions
Unit No Topic
Unit 1 Community Health Nutrition
2 Communicable Diseases
3 Non communicable diseases
4 RMNCH+A (Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn,
Child Health+ Adolescent)
5 Common Clinical Conditions at Primary Health
Car
6 Essential Drugs
12. Ch. No. Title Module-3
1.1 History taking & patient examination skills
1.2 Laboratory Skills
1.3 Drug Dispensing Practices
1.4 Documentation Skills
1.5 Universal work precaution / Standard precaution in health care
2.1 A RMNCH+A (Maternal and Reproductive health components)
2.1 B RMNCH+A (Neonatal, Child and Adolescent health components
2.2 A Communicable diseases – 1
2.2 B Communicable diseases – 2
2.2 C Non-communicable diseases – 1
2.2 D Non-communicable diseases – 2
2.3 Nutritional Assessment
2.4 A Mental and Oral health
2.4 B Dermatology, Eye and ENT Health
2.5 First Aid, Basic Life Support (BLS)
2.6 Geriatric and Palliative care
13. Module-3
3.1 Community Need Assessment Approach (CNAA)
3.2 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) and other
soft skills
3.3 Organizing Special Clinic
3.4 Investigation of an outbreak
3.5 Data and IT Skills
3.6 Yoga and Health
14. Module 4:
National Health Programs and Policies
Unit No Topic
Unit 1 Introduction to NHM
2 National Programs for communicable
diseases and non-communicable diseases.
3 National Nutrition Programs
4 National programs on maternal child and
adolescent health
5 National Disease surveillance system.
15. Module 5:
Management Leadership and
Communication in Public Health Practice
Unit Topic
Unit 1 Program Management
2 Health Management Information System
3 Work Management and Administration
4 Quality of Care
5 Health Promotion including Health
Communication, Community Mobilization and
Ensuring Wellness
6 Grassroots Leadership
7 Finance Management
17. What is Public Health?
The sum of all official or
governmental efforts to the
people’s health. promote, protect,
and preserve.
18. Public Health
“The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging
life and promoting health and efficiency through
organized community effort of society”
-CEA Winslow, 1920
“The process of mobilizing and engaging local, state,
national, and international resources to assure the
conditions in which people can be healthy”
-The Oxford Textbook of Public Health
19. Public Health
“The science and practice of protecting and
improving the health of the community, as by
preventive medicine, health education, control of
communicable diseases, application of sanitary
measures, and monitoring of environmental
hazards.” -The American Heritage Dictionary of Public Health
20. Public Health
“Public health is what we, as a society, do
collectively to assure the conditions in which
people can be healthy.”
-Source: Institute of Medicine Report (IOM). THE FUTURE OF PUBLIC
HEALTH. Washington DC: National Academy Press. 1988.
Public health is a science and art of saving the
lives of millions at once by single decision or
intervention.
21. Community
• A social group of any size whose members
reside in a specific locality, share government,
and often have a common cultural and
historical heritage
• Or
• is a social group determined geographical
boundaries and or common values and
interest its member know and interact each
other.
22. Community health nursing
• Community health nursing is synthesis of
nursing practice and public health practice
applied to promoting and preserving the
health of population.
• OR
• Community health nursing is to “assist the
Individual, family and community in attaining
their highest level of holistic health. To
provide and promote healthy life style
choices through education, public
23. Community Health
• The WHO defines community health as:
environmental, social, and economic
resources to sustain emotional and physical
well being among people in ways that
advance their aspirations and satisfy their
needs in their unique environment.
Community health tends to focus on a
defined geographical community.
• these populations can be local
24. Community health professionals:
• Community health professionals:
Community health professionals are
individuals who try to prevent / promote
problems from happening or recurring
through implementing educational
programs, recommending policies,
administering services and conducting
research.
• Hence Community health professionals
25. Public Health is many things
A System
A Profession
A Method
Government Service
The Health of the Public
31. Core Activities of Public Health (Fn)
1. Prevents epidemics and the spread of
disease
2. Protects against environmental hazards
3. Responds to disasters and assists
communities in recovery
4. Prevents injuries
5. Promotes healthy behaviors
6. Assures the quality, accessibility and
32. 7. Monitoring the health status of the population
8. Mobilizing community action
9. Reaching out to link high-risk and hard-to-reach
people to needed services
10. Researching to develop new insights and
innovative solutions
11. Leading the development of sound health policy
and planning
Core Activities of Public Health
33. Ten Great Public Health Achievements
Vaccination
Motor-vehicle safety
Safer workplaces
Control of infectious
diseases
Decline in deathsfrom
coronary heart disease
and stroke
Safer andhealthier
foods
Healthier mothersand
babies
Family planning
Fluoridation of drinking
water
Recognition of tobacco
use as a health hazard
CDC, 1999
34. Public Health Problems and Diseases
• Communicable diseases
• N o n communicable
diseases
• Environmental pollution
• Maternal childhealth
problems
• Malnutrition and
micronutrient deficiency
• Municipal and hospital
waste
• Geriatric healthproblems
• Population problems
Measles
Influenza
Poliomyeliti
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Dengue
Malaria
HIV/AIDS
Obesity
Cancer
Diabetes
35. Public Health Organizations
Governmental
District health office
Public health office
Regional health directorate
Regional training center
Department of health
services
Ministry of health
and population
Primary health care
institutions
Others
Academic institutions
Research
organizations
Community
development
organizations
Quality control offices
Health training centers
Local development
offices
36. A Sampling of Public Health Professions
Gerontological health
HIV/AIDS
Injury control and
emergency health
Services
International Health
Mental Health
Oral Health
Public Health Nursing
School Health
Education andServices
Women’s health and
gender development
Population, Family
Planning &Reproductive
Health
Maternal Child health
Public Health Education and
Health Promotion
Community health planning
andpolicy development
Public health administration
Epidemiology and disease
control
Alcohol, tobacco and other
drugs
Environmental & occupational
health and safety
Food and nutrition
37. Community Health Indicators :
1. Demographic Characteristics and Demographic
profile.
2. Socioeconomic Characteristics:
3. Availability of Health Resources:
4. Risk factors in community :
5. Environmental Health Indicators :
6. Social and Mental Health :
7. Maternal and Child Health :