These slides give an overview of public health and the role of local public health departments in keeping people healthy, presents housing, health and some of the vulnerable populations who are the primary focus of our work, and shows the Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda - the blueprint for our work at the Chicago Department of Public Health. Lastly, it highlights some of our work and accomplishments with vulnerable groups.
Promoting and protecting the health of vulnerable aggregatesحسين منصور
This document discusses the health needs and challenges faced by vulnerable populations including those in rural areas, those experiencing poverty and homelessness in urban areas, migrant families and seasonal workers, individuals with disabilities or chronic illnesses, those with mental health issues, and individuals in correctional facilities. It outlines key characteristics, health risks, and resources for nurses to address the needs of each group. The roles of community health nurses are described, such as providing education, advocacy, and care coordination to promote health and reduce risks for these vulnerable aggregates.
Introduction and definition of healthcare
Concepts and values in healthcare
Efficiency-driven approaches
Problems and proposed solutions
Healthcare and population health
Investing in Health
Equity-driven approaches
Primary health care
Conclusion
The presentation identifies vulnerable populations in rural areas and their health disparities. Rural areas are defined as having low population density and distance from urban centers with few economic activities. Approximately 19% of Americans live in rural areas and are more likely to be uninsured compared to urban residents. Rural residents experience higher rates of chronic diseases, injuries, cancer deaths and less access to preventive healthcare services. The presentation proposes a plan to address mammography compliance among uninsured rural women using a mobile mammography unit on a quarterly basis. Key elements of the plan include qualifying patients, an interdisciplinary team and addressing challenges of cost, participation and evaluating effectiveness.
This document discusses a module developed through a collaboration between the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to enhance population health education. It acknowledges the individuals and institutions involved in developing the module. The module aims to discuss key topics related to population health determinants, health status, leading causes of death, health disparities, and use of Healthy People objectives in public health planning. It was made possible through a cooperative agreement between the CDC and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research.
The document discusses social determinants of health, which are defined as the circumstances in which people are born, grow, live, work and age that impact health outcomes. These circumstances are shaped by wider social, economic and political forces. Historical evidence from studies like the Black Report and Whitehall studies showed social gradients in health according to factors like socioeconomic status and occupation. Theoretical frameworks explain how social factors influence health through pathways like psychosocial stress and limited access to resources. A conceptual framework outlines how structural factors like income and education act through intermediate factors like housing and healthcare access to impact health. Addressing social determinants requires multisectoral approaches and involvement of various stakeholders.
The document discusses key aspects of India's national health care system including health outcomes, determinants of health, and challenges in achieving universal access to health care. It notes that while the national system aims to provide comprehensive free services, many states struggle due to insufficient funding, management issues, and shortages. As a result, there are significant inequalities across states and between socioeconomic groups in health indicators and access to services. Out-of-pocket expenditures also remain high due to issues like stockouts of free medicines in public facilities. The document calls for strengthening public provision of health services, increasing health spending, and ensuring equitable access to improve health status and reduce inequalities across India.
Promoting and protecting the health of vulnerable aggregatesحسين منصور
This document discusses the health needs and challenges faced by vulnerable populations including those in rural areas, those experiencing poverty and homelessness in urban areas, migrant families and seasonal workers, individuals with disabilities or chronic illnesses, those with mental health issues, and individuals in correctional facilities. It outlines key characteristics, health risks, and resources for nurses to address the needs of each group. The roles of community health nurses are described, such as providing education, advocacy, and care coordination to promote health and reduce risks for these vulnerable aggregates.
Introduction and definition of healthcare
Concepts and values in healthcare
Efficiency-driven approaches
Problems and proposed solutions
Healthcare and population health
Investing in Health
Equity-driven approaches
Primary health care
Conclusion
The presentation identifies vulnerable populations in rural areas and their health disparities. Rural areas are defined as having low population density and distance from urban centers with few economic activities. Approximately 19% of Americans live in rural areas and are more likely to be uninsured compared to urban residents. Rural residents experience higher rates of chronic diseases, injuries, cancer deaths and less access to preventive healthcare services. The presentation proposes a plan to address mammography compliance among uninsured rural women using a mobile mammography unit on a quarterly basis. Key elements of the plan include qualifying patients, an interdisciplinary team and addressing challenges of cost, participation and evaluating effectiveness.
This document discusses a module developed through a collaboration between the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to enhance population health education. It acknowledges the individuals and institutions involved in developing the module. The module aims to discuss key topics related to population health determinants, health status, leading causes of death, health disparities, and use of Healthy People objectives in public health planning. It was made possible through a cooperative agreement between the CDC and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research.
The document discusses social determinants of health, which are defined as the circumstances in which people are born, grow, live, work and age that impact health outcomes. These circumstances are shaped by wider social, economic and political forces. Historical evidence from studies like the Black Report and Whitehall studies showed social gradients in health according to factors like socioeconomic status and occupation. Theoretical frameworks explain how social factors influence health through pathways like psychosocial stress and limited access to resources. A conceptual framework outlines how structural factors like income and education act through intermediate factors like housing and healthcare access to impact health. Addressing social determinants requires multisectoral approaches and involvement of various stakeholders.
The document discusses key aspects of India's national health care system including health outcomes, determinants of health, and challenges in achieving universal access to health care. It notes that while the national system aims to provide comprehensive free services, many states struggle due to insufficient funding, management issues, and shortages. As a result, there are significant inequalities across states and between socioeconomic groups in health indicators and access to services. Out-of-pocket expenditures also remain high due to issues like stockouts of free medicines in public facilities. The document calls for strengthening public provision of health services, increasing health spending, and ensuring equitable access to improve health status and reduce inequalities across India.
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewDr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on continuity of care at the level of primary health care, definition, types, how it could be measured, and the expected effects on the patients, health care providers, and health institutes.
The document discusses the development of a teaching program to raise awareness of vulnerable populations in a workplace. It describes nursing theorists Leininger and Watson who emphasized holistic and culturally competent care. The author developed posters on ethical cultural competence that were displayed and will be used in a September presentation. The presentation aims to discuss how understanding different cultures can help provide equitable, patient-centered care and meet quality standards. Understanding cultural factors is important for implementing effective health interventions in a holistic manner.
The document summarizes health and human rights challenges in several countries in Africa and the United States. In Kenya, availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health services are issues, especially in rural areas. In Uganda, challenges include poor working conditions for health workers, inequitable access to services for patients, and corruption within the health system. Rwanda struggles with high maternal and infant mortality as well as health workforce shortages. Burundi faces issues with the cost of healthcare, shortages of health workers, and women's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS.
1) The document discusses issues of inequality, poverty, and lack of access to healthcare that disproportionately impact women. It notes that as poverty rises, so does the population in need of reproductive healthcare assistance, while public support is decreasing.
2) Income inequality is linked to poorer health outcomes, as the gap between rich and poor grows, the well-off are less willing to pay taxes to fund public services. Job status also correlates with health, with lower levels reporting more stress.
3) Women face discrimination in healthcare costs and coverage. They may be denied insurance or charged higher premiums based on gender or experiences like domestic violence. Single and minority women have less access and higher rates of poverty and uninsured.
Urban populations are increasing rapidly and concentrating in cities, which exacerbate health risks like communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, violence, and mental health issues. Cities also concentrate resources that can promote well-being but poverty remains a challenge. Rural areas lack environmental sanitation, control of communicable diseases, health education, and adequate primary health care services and facilities. Improving rural health requires political will, community participation, and increased health budgets to expand services and address absent infrastructure.
A presentation by Karen Nelson, MBA, MSW, RSW, of the Ottawa Hospital, made to social workers at their 2013 Annual Meeting. A very thorough overview with significant research supporting the link between Social Determinants of Health and healthcare outcomes.
The document discusses how social and environmental factors impact health and access to healthcare. It outlines that where someone lives determines their health based on things like water quality, smoking bans, food access, and healthcare resources. Access to healthcare varies across communities based on race, income, education, insurance status, and disability. A behavioral model shows how predisposing characteristics, enabling factors, and health needs influence healthcare utilization. Neighborhood characteristics like socioeconomic disadvantage, physical environments, and social networks can decrease access to primary care and increase unmet needs. Investing in community prevention and changing neighborhood environments can increase access and produce healthcare savings.
This document summarizes a presentation about the impact of social determinants of health on women's mental health, with a focus on homelessness. The presentation covered:
1) An overview of key social determinants of health like employment, income, food security, housing, and health care services and how they disproportionately affect women's mental health.
2) Statistics showing the employment and income disparities women face, like earning 72 cents for every dollar earned by men.
3) Research finding high rates of physical and mental health problems among homeless populations, and that homelessness can both cause and exacerbate existing mental health issues.
4) Barriers homeless women face in accessing appropriate health care services.
Keller (Bellevue/NYU) - Health and Human Rightsguestc7da32
The document discusses the important roles that physicians can play in promoting health and human rights through advocacy, documentation, education, and policy work. It outlines how physicians have ethical obligations to promote patient and community health, respect human rights, and address social factors that impact health. The document provides examples of how physicians have advocated on issues like access to care, torture treatment, detention conditions, and land mines to fulfill these roles and obligations.
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Dr. Anees Alyafei
What stimulates and prevents females from regular physical exercise. Updated Comprehensive narrative review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341220204_Citation_AlYafei_A_Albaker_W_2020_Barriers_and_Facilitators_for_Regular_Physical_Exercise_among_Adult_Females_Narrative_Review_2020
Disparities in Health Care: The Significance of Socioeconomic StatusAmanda Romano-Kwan
This research paper discusses the disparities in the health care system, with a specific focus on socioeconomic status and how it affects the access and availability of quality care.
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Dr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on how regular physical exercise could affect diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Regular physical exercise has an effective influence on the control and improvement of peripheral neuropathy.
Social Determinants of Health in ActionHealthy City
This document provides information about a webinar hosted by Healthy City, a program of Advancement Project California, on exploring social determinants of health using data and mapping. The webinar will provide an overview of the social determinants of health framework, examples of how health research has been used to take action using data and mapping, and tools available on HealthyCity.org. Healthy City works to develop research and policy strategies, engage community groups in action-oriented research, and provide online mapping technology. Advancement Project California champions greater equity and opportunity for all communities impacted by economic and racial injustice through alliance-building, data-driven solutions, and working with communities.
The document discusses the role of nurses and different models of care. It covers topics like the nursing process, assessment, biomedical and holistic models. The biomedical model focuses on the physical body, while the holistic model sees individuals as complex with psychological, social, cultural and spiritual factors influencing health. Over time, perspectives have shifted from biomedicine to recognize broader determinants. Public health aims to improve health through prevention, health promotion, and empowering individuals and communities. The document examines how nursing's role and understanding of health has evolved in relation to changes in models of care and public policy.
1) Numerous studies over many years have found a link between socioeconomic status and health inequalities in the UK, with those in lower social classes experiencing worse health outcomes.
2) The Black Report of 1980 and subsequent reports like the Acheson Report of 1998 found that factors like low income, unemployment, poor housing and education were key causes of health inequalities and that the gap between social classes was widening.
3) These reports recommended policies to reduce poverty and increase spending on health education to prevent illness, but UK governments were often critical of the findings and reluctant to implement the recommendations.
This presents the trends, issues, and challenges in the Philippine Health Care Delivery System. The data were mostly taken from the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) website and DOH Region VI Office.
The assessment and identification of health need is a process that helps:
Inform planning of health care for individuals and their families, communities and the wider population.
It can be a powerful learning tool for local service providers, presenting them with the rationale for re-designing services to better target assessed needs of the local population.
Community diagnosis is vital in health planning, evaluation and needs assessment, several types of indicators are valid to be used for community diagnosis including Socio-economic, demographics, health system, and living arrangements.
These slides give an overview of public health and the role of local public health departments in keeping people healthy, presents housing, health and some of the vulnerable populations who are the primary focus of our work, and shows the Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda - the blueprint for our work at the Chicago Department of Public Health. Lastly, it highlights some of our work and accomplishments with vulnerable groups.
Presentation by Commissioner Choucair at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program for a Public Health Presentation in Behavioral and Preventive Medicine I Course.
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewDr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on continuity of care at the level of primary health care, definition, types, how it could be measured, and the expected effects on the patients, health care providers, and health institutes.
The document discusses the development of a teaching program to raise awareness of vulnerable populations in a workplace. It describes nursing theorists Leininger and Watson who emphasized holistic and culturally competent care. The author developed posters on ethical cultural competence that were displayed and will be used in a September presentation. The presentation aims to discuss how understanding different cultures can help provide equitable, patient-centered care and meet quality standards. Understanding cultural factors is important for implementing effective health interventions in a holistic manner.
The document summarizes health and human rights challenges in several countries in Africa and the United States. In Kenya, availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health services are issues, especially in rural areas. In Uganda, challenges include poor working conditions for health workers, inequitable access to services for patients, and corruption within the health system. Rwanda struggles with high maternal and infant mortality as well as health workforce shortages. Burundi faces issues with the cost of healthcare, shortages of health workers, and women's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS.
1) The document discusses issues of inequality, poverty, and lack of access to healthcare that disproportionately impact women. It notes that as poverty rises, so does the population in need of reproductive healthcare assistance, while public support is decreasing.
2) Income inequality is linked to poorer health outcomes, as the gap between rich and poor grows, the well-off are less willing to pay taxes to fund public services. Job status also correlates with health, with lower levels reporting more stress.
3) Women face discrimination in healthcare costs and coverage. They may be denied insurance or charged higher premiums based on gender or experiences like domestic violence. Single and minority women have less access and higher rates of poverty and uninsured.
Urban populations are increasing rapidly and concentrating in cities, which exacerbate health risks like communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, violence, and mental health issues. Cities also concentrate resources that can promote well-being but poverty remains a challenge. Rural areas lack environmental sanitation, control of communicable diseases, health education, and adequate primary health care services and facilities. Improving rural health requires political will, community participation, and increased health budgets to expand services and address absent infrastructure.
A presentation by Karen Nelson, MBA, MSW, RSW, of the Ottawa Hospital, made to social workers at their 2013 Annual Meeting. A very thorough overview with significant research supporting the link between Social Determinants of Health and healthcare outcomes.
The document discusses how social and environmental factors impact health and access to healthcare. It outlines that where someone lives determines their health based on things like water quality, smoking bans, food access, and healthcare resources. Access to healthcare varies across communities based on race, income, education, insurance status, and disability. A behavioral model shows how predisposing characteristics, enabling factors, and health needs influence healthcare utilization. Neighborhood characteristics like socioeconomic disadvantage, physical environments, and social networks can decrease access to primary care and increase unmet needs. Investing in community prevention and changing neighborhood environments can increase access and produce healthcare savings.
This document summarizes a presentation about the impact of social determinants of health on women's mental health, with a focus on homelessness. The presentation covered:
1) An overview of key social determinants of health like employment, income, food security, housing, and health care services and how they disproportionately affect women's mental health.
2) Statistics showing the employment and income disparities women face, like earning 72 cents for every dollar earned by men.
3) Research finding high rates of physical and mental health problems among homeless populations, and that homelessness can both cause and exacerbate existing mental health issues.
4) Barriers homeless women face in accessing appropriate health care services.
Keller (Bellevue/NYU) - Health and Human Rightsguestc7da32
The document discusses the important roles that physicians can play in promoting health and human rights through advocacy, documentation, education, and policy work. It outlines how physicians have ethical obligations to promote patient and community health, respect human rights, and address social factors that impact health. The document provides examples of how physicians have advocated on issues like access to care, torture treatment, detention conditions, and land mines to fulfill these roles and obligations.
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Dr. Anees Alyafei
What stimulates and prevents females from regular physical exercise. Updated Comprehensive narrative review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341220204_Citation_AlYafei_A_Albaker_W_2020_Barriers_and_Facilitators_for_Regular_Physical_Exercise_among_Adult_Females_Narrative_Review_2020
Disparities in Health Care: The Significance of Socioeconomic StatusAmanda Romano-Kwan
This research paper discusses the disparities in the health care system, with a specific focus on socioeconomic status and how it affects the access and availability of quality care.
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Dr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on how regular physical exercise could affect diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Regular physical exercise has an effective influence on the control and improvement of peripheral neuropathy.
Social Determinants of Health in ActionHealthy City
This document provides information about a webinar hosted by Healthy City, a program of Advancement Project California, on exploring social determinants of health using data and mapping. The webinar will provide an overview of the social determinants of health framework, examples of how health research has been used to take action using data and mapping, and tools available on HealthyCity.org. Healthy City works to develop research and policy strategies, engage community groups in action-oriented research, and provide online mapping technology. Advancement Project California champions greater equity and opportunity for all communities impacted by economic and racial injustice through alliance-building, data-driven solutions, and working with communities.
The document discusses the role of nurses and different models of care. It covers topics like the nursing process, assessment, biomedical and holistic models. The biomedical model focuses on the physical body, while the holistic model sees individuals as complex with psychological, social, cultural and spiritual factors influencing health. Over time, perspectives have shifted from biomedicine to recognize broader determinants. Public health aims to improve health through prevention, health promotion, and empowering individuals and communities. The document examines how nursing's role and understanding of health has evolved in relation to changes in models of care and public policy.
1) Numerous studies over many years have found a link between socioeconomic status and health inequalities in the UK, with those in lower social classes experiencing worse health outcomes.
2) The Black Report of 1980 and subsequent reports like the Acheson Report of 1998 found that factors like low income, unemployment, poor housing and education were key causes of health inequalities and that the gap between social classes was widening.
3) These reports recommended policies to reduce poverty and increase spending on health education to prevent illness, but UK governments were often critical of the findings and reluctant to implement the recommendations.
This presents the trends, issues, and challenges in the Philippine Health Care Delivery System. The data were mostly taken from the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) website and DOH Region VI Office.
The assessment and identification of health need is a process that helps:
Inform planning of health care for individuals and their families, communities and the wider population.
It can be a powerful learning tool for local service providers, presenting them with the rationale for re-designing services to better target assessed needs of the local population.
Community diagnosis is vital in health planning, evaluation and needs assessment, several types of indicators are valid to be used for community diagnosis including Socio-economic, demographics, health system, and living arrangements.
These slides give an overview of public health and the role of local public health departments in keeping people healthy, presents housing, health and some of the vulnerable populations who are the primary focus of our work, and shows the Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda - the blueprint for our work at the Chicago Department of Public Health. Lastly, it highlights some of our work and accomplishments with vulnerable groups.
Presentation by Commissioner Choucair at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Physician Assistant Program for a Public Health Presentation in Behavioral and Preventive Medicine I Course.
PYA Principal Kent Bottles, MD, who is also Chief Medical Officer of PYA Analytics, presented before healthcare information technology (IT) professionals at the Summit of the Southeast—Driving the Future of Technology held at Nashville Music City Center, September 16-17, 2014. Dr. Bottles’ presentation covered population health.
Healthy People 2010 aims to improve national health through two overarching goals: increasing quality and years of healthy life, and eliminating health disparities. It monitors progress through 467 objectives across 28 focus areas. Achieving its goals requires recognizing that health is determined by interactions between individual behaviors, environments, and policies targeting factors like access to healthcare. Two successful programs that exemplify this systematic approach are Action for Healthy Kids, which promotes healthy school environments, and the 100 Black Men Health Challenge, which empowers communities through lifestyle modeling and education.
In Spring 2013, we are on the precipice of dramatic, disruptive change in the health field that offers an unprecedented opportunity and challenge to transform health care and population health.
We know that traditional public health approaches along with more and better health care are not enough to improve health outcomes, equity, and cost. We must also:
- implement sustainable, fundamental "upstream" changes that address the root causes of disease and disability; and
- transform the way we deliver health care to ensure access to quality, affordable health care for all.
Enjoy this Bright Spot presentation with David Law of Joy-Southfield Community Development Corporation, which was presented at the 2013 Annual Leadership Conference, co-sponsored by the Center for Health Leadership (CHL) and the California Pacific Public Health Training Center (CALPACT) at UC Berkeley's School of Public Health.
To learn more about this event, please visit:
http://calpact.org/index.php/en/events/leadership-conference
Learn more about CALPACT:
http://calpact.org/
Learn more about the CHL:
http://chl.berkeley.edu/
This document describes the Partnership for a Healthy Community project in Peoria and Tazewell Counties, Illinois. The project involves 20 organizations working to improve the health of over 300,000 residents through 5 strategic areas: tobacco-free living, active living, healthy eating, clinical preventive services, and social/emotional wellness. Some key initiatives include increasing physical activity in schools, access to healthy foods, smoking cessation programs, hypertension screening and management, and screening for adolescent depression. The goal is to promote healthy lifestyles and prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes and cancer.
Putaroofonpoverty dr. turnbull 's presentation adaptedPutARoofOnPoverty
This document discusses the health consequences of poverty in Canada and advocates for addressing poverty as a human rights and social issue. It summarizes that poverty negatively impacts people's basic human rights and health, and discusses groups that are most vulnerable like indigenous peoples, single parents, and the disabled. It also highlights the Ottawa Inner City Health Program as an innovative model of collaborative healthcare for the homeless that has improved health outcomes. Finally, it argues that advocates must frame the issue of poverty and homelessness as a violation of human rights and that governments have a responsibility to address poverty through anti-poverty strategies and social change.
The document discusses the determinants of health, which are defined as the conditions that influence individual and population health, including social, economic, cultural, environmental and lifestyle factors. It outlines the key components of determinants, including socioeconomic status, living/working conditions, social support networks, and individual factors. The document explains why understanding determinants of health is important for public health efforts aimed at health promotion and disease prevention.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Efrain Talamantes on culture and resilience in Latino health, past, present, and future. The presentation discusses how cultural strengths can be leveraged to improve health equity for Latinos. It outlines five strategies for making health equity a priority in healthcare organizations: making it a leader-driven priority, developing supportive structures and processes, taking actions to address social determinants of health, confronting institutional racism, and partnering with community organizations. The presentation then explores how personal experiences with language barriers, low income, and lack of resources can build qualities needed in healthcare providers today, like being bilingual and culturally competent.
C-TAC 2015 National Summit on Advanced Illness Care - Master Slide Deckzbarehmi
This document provides an overview of the National Summit on Advanced Illness Care that took place on March 2-3, 2015 in Washington DC. The summit was hosted by C-TAC (Coalition to Transform Advanced Care) and brought together leaders, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to drive improvements in advanced illness care. Over the two-day event, there were presentations on models of advanced illness care, engaging patients and families, improving clinician-patient communication, the role of research and policies to support high-quality end-of-life care for all Americans.
This document provides a community health needs assessment for Kent County, Michigan. It includes:
1) Demographic data about Kent County's growing population, including age, gender, and veterans.
2) A description of the assessment process, which included gathering both population health data and community input to identify strategic health priorities.
3) Key findings related to access to healthcare, maternal and child health, healthy lifestyles and food access, and youth risk factors.
4) Identification of 5 strategic priorities to address through a community health improvement plan, focused on access to care, care coordination, prenatal care disparities, healthy eating, and reducing disparities in youth health factors.
This document provides a summary of a 2012 community health assessment conducted across 10 counties in Northern Michigan, including a special focus on Montmorency and Otsego Counties. The assessment was funded by various healthcare organizations and conducted over 15 months using the Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) framework. Key findings from the assessment include that residents experience barriers to healthcare access and healthy behaviors related to obesity, physical activity, access to healthy foods and recreation, alcohol and drug use, and tobacco use. The assessment gathered data on over 250 health indicators and identified social and economic factors like lower education levels and income as influencing community health.
LECTURE 1- BPH 2.2B Principles of Community Health.pptxFatmaMohamed627544
This document outlines the course content for Principles of Community Health (PCH 220) and Principles of Epidemiology. For PCH 220, topics covered include general principles of community health, demography and determinants of population growth, measurements of health, disease prevention and health promotion, and various health issues such as environmental sanitation and communicable diseases. For Principles of Epidemiology, topics covered include descriptive and analytical epidemiology, measures of disease frequency and mortality, and associations between exposures and diseases. The document also lists literature references for each course.
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socio.docxandreecapon
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socioeconomic Group
Delroy Barnett
Christina Bergman
Maria Victoria Blanton
Veverly Brooks
Jennifer Castro
Ashford University
HCA415- Public and Community Health
Instructor: Tynan Mara
April 6, 2015
1
Target Population
Detroit Michigan Population:688,701
Percent of White American: 10.6%
Percent of Black American: 82.7%
Percentage of Women: 52.7%
Pregnancy Related Deaths 36.6 per 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Associates Deaths 75 pre 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Related deaths - 50.8 per 100,000 births in African Americans.
-3rd highest in nation
As of 2010, Detroit Michigan has a total population of 688,701 people. Of the 688,701 people, 10.6 % are White American and 82.7% are Black American. The community of Detroit is dealing with a rising concern with maternal health and pregnancy related mortality rates. Of the total population, 52.7% (or 362,945) are women. The cause of mortality among maternal mothers is obstetric causes, medical, accidents, suicide, assaults, and other causes. Per year on average, 6 women die from pregnancy issues, this amount is three times higher than that of the national average. These high mortality rates are more common in African American women than other races. Pregnancy related deaths among African Americans is 50.8 per 100,000 live births. This makes Detroit Michigan the third highest city of pregnancy related mortality in the nation. The high mortality rates in Detroit are due to health conditions, poverty, and proper health care. These numbers show that it is dangerous for a pregnant women to live and give birth in Detroit.
2
Thesis Statement
Thesis
The health disparities among women and children in Detroit are some of the worst in the nation. “The maternal mortality rate for black mothers in 2002 was almost 25 deaths per 100,000 live births, compared to nearly 6 deaths per 100,000 live births among white mothers and more than 7 deaths…among Hispanic mothers” (National Institute of Health, 2006, p.x). That is nearly four times the national average. More focus needs to be placed on maternal and child health in low socio-economic areas of Detroit.
Factors & Causes
Over 40% of population is living in poverty
Chronic Diseases
Limited access/ quality of health care
Obstetric, Medical, Accidents leading cause
While normally a major health concern in less developed countries, maternal and child health in the United States has become a major concern. “Child mortality is highly preventable and can be reduced greatly through improvement of environmental conditions and hygiene levels, as well as increased parental compliance with immunizations for vaccine preventable diseases…Many of these deaths were caused by preventable or easily treatable condition or by malnutrition (WHO, 2012c; WHO, 2012a)” (Friis, Bell, & Philibert, 2013). Poverty is a detrimental impact on the maternal health of women in Detroit. With the me ...
Discrimination in healthcare can take many forms and negatively impact patient outcomes. Studies show racial disparities exist, such as Black Americans being more likely to die from COVID-19 than white Americans. LGBTQ and women also face discrimination, including denial of care, disrespectful treatment, and medical research that overlooks their health needs. Addressing biases in healthcare is important to ensure all patients receive equal treatment.
Innovations of virginias aaa bay aging 2016 governors conference on agingrexnayee
Virginia's Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) have developed innovative solutions to improve health outcomes and address the growing aging population. The AAAs offer a diverse set of both traditional and evidence-based programs delivered in-home. Their services range from meals and transportation to programs addressing chronic disease, falls prevention, and social determinants of health. By 2050, nearly 1 in 5 Americans will be over 65, with associated increases in chronic conditions and costs. The AAAs provide a unique statewide model for delivering high-quality, low-cost preventative care coordination to help seniors age in place.
Leveraging Assets to Improve Health and Equity in Rural Communitiesnado-web
This presentation was delivered at NADO's Annual Training Conference, held in Anchorage, Alaska on September 9-12, 2017.
A growing body of research shows that people living in rural communities experience inequities in health and well-being compared to their urban counterparts. The NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis, with funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, is conducting formative research to explore opportunities to improve health
and equity in rural communities using an asset-based community development approach. This session will provide an overview of rural health disparities data, followed by preliminary findings and key recommendations to strengthen rural communities
based on an enhanced understanding of culture and history, priorities, assets, partners, and promising strategies unique to and common across rural communities and regions.
Michael Meit, MS, MPH, Co-Director, NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis, NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD
Health care delivery, Health status, Health ProblemAnilKumar5746
Health care delivery, Health status, Health Problem, Model of Health care system, Communicable health Problem, Non- communicable health problem, Environmental sanitation problems ,Medical care problems ,Population problems.
community Medicine, PSM
Sustainable Health - A New Vision for Programming CHARLENE MCGEECORE Group
The document provides an overview of the Multnomah County Health Department (MCHD) Public Health Division and its efforts to promote health equity. It describes the division's guiding frameworks of life course, socio-ecological model, and trauma-informed and equity lenses. It also outlines the social determinants of health and lists some of the division's programs and initiatives, such as Health Equity Initiative, STRYVE, Maternal Child and Family Health, REACH, and Healthy Homes. The overall goal is to establish a public health approach and make policy and environmental changes to improve health equity across populations in Multnomah County.
Similar to Public Health and Vulnerable Populations (20)
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can offer improvements to mood, focus, and overall feelings of well-being over time.
The document outlines the process and findings of a community themes and strengths assessment conducted as part of the Healthy Chicago 2.0 initiative. Mixed methods were used to collect data, including an online survey, focus groups, oral histories, and stakeholder conversations. Key themes identified from the assessment included safety, healthy food access, built environment, equity, and education. There were disparities found between different community groups in their perceptions of neighborhood quality, resources, and needs. The assessment will help inform the strategic planning process to improve community health.
Commissioner Bechara Choucair Keynote at the National Tobacco Control Conference in Washington, DC on December 3, 2015 discussing Chicago's Tobacco Policies.
Dr. Bechara Choucair, Commissioner, Chicago Department of Public Health, giving the keynote for the conference on "Breaking Silos to Reduce Health Disparities: Successful Strategies in a Changing Healthcare System" sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's "Finding Answers: Disparities Research for Change Program."
Commissioner Choucair presents "Pioneering Community Health" at the 9th Annual YMCA of the USA Healthier Communities Initiatives Learning Institute on November 5, 2014
Commissioner Choucair presenting at NACCHO Annual 2014 on "What gets Measured Gets Done: Data Needs, Uses and Innovations in Large Urban Health Departments."
Commissioner Choucair at the 2014 National Network of Public Health Institutes Open Forum for Quality Improvement in Public Health presentation on "Perfect Timing! The Launch of Healthy Chicago and Our Accreditation Journey" in Kansas City.
Commissioner Choucair sharing Local Strategies to Address Homelessness in his Susan L. Neibacher Address at the 2014 National Health Care for the Homeless Conference & Policy Symposium in New Orleans.
This document discusses public health initiatives in Chicago. It outlines efforts to increase health insurance enrollment and access preventative services. It also describes how data and analytics are being used to better understand health issues and guide resource allocation. The goal is to take a multi-pronged approach to improve population health through initiatives that address both individual and socioeconomic factors.
In recognition of LGBT Health Awareness Week, CDPH hosted a community discussion on HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the LGBT Community at Center on Halsted that included a keynote address from Commissioner Choucair, an overview of CDPH’s 2013 HIV/STI Surveillance Report from Nik Prachand and a panel discussion where local leaders including our own Tarek Mikati outlined how the community can use this information to combat the spread of HIV and STIs.
Dr. Bechara Choucair, Commissioner for the Chicago Department of Public Health and Dr. Stephanie Whyte, Chief Health Officer for CPS both testified at the Chicago City Council Health and Education Committees on on plans to improve adolescent health through Chicago’s Action Plan for Healthy Adolescents here: http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/cdph/CDPH/AHAC_PLAN_Feb32014.pdf
Commissioner Choucair presents Healthy Chicago and Health Care Reform at the University of Chicago MacLean Center's 32nd Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar Series.
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Commissioner Choucair presenting on Healthy Chicago at the Gold Humanism Society Lori Ann Roscetti Annual Memorial Lecture on Ethical & Humanitarian Issues in Medicine at Rush University Medical Center
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Chicago's Action Plan for Healthy Adolescents: http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/cdph/CDPH/AHAC_PLAN_Feb32014.pdf
Prezi from Release Event: http://bit.ly/HealthyAdolescentsPrezi
http://www.beyoubehealthy.org
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Public Health and Vulnerable Populations
1. Chicago Department of Public Health
Commissioner Bechara Choucair, M.D.
City of Chicago
Mayor Rahm Emanuel
Healthy Chicago
Public Health and Vulnerable Populations
July 16, 2013
Bechara Choucair, MD
Commissioner
Chicago Department of Public Health
2. Presentation Outline
1. Public Health Overview
2. Housing, Health, and Vulnerable Populations
3. Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda
4. Current Work and Accomplishments
3. Population Health
Kindig D, Stoddart G. What is population health? American Journal of Public Health 2003 Mar;93(3):380–3.
• The health outcomes of a group of individuals,
including the distribution outcomes within the group
• Focuses on improving health inequities
5. Chicago Department of
Public Health
Mission:
To make Chicago a safer and healthier place by
working with community partners to promote
health, prevent disease, reduce
environmental hazards and ensure access to
health care for all Chicagoans.
6. Presentation Outline
1. Public Health Overview
2. Housing, Health, and Vulnerable Populations
3. Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda
4. Current Work and Accomplishments
8. Housing Influences Health
Pollack C, et al. Where We Live Matters for Our Health: The Links Between Housing and Health. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. September 2008.
• Safe homes that are free
from physical hazards
• Positive physical,
environmental, social, and
economic conditions in
neighborhoods
• Housing costs less than
35% of a family’s income
9. Conditions within the Home
• Lead-based paint affects brain and nervous system
development
• Substandard housing conditions can lead to
respiratory conditions such as asthma
• Radon, pollutants, and asbestos can lead to cancers
and respiratory illness
• Steep staircases, lack of security devices, and
substandard heating can cause injuries
10. Neighborhood Conditions
• Neighborhood crime, violence, pollution
• Safe places to play and exercise
• Grocery stores selling fresh produce
• Convenience stores, fast food outlets &
liquor stores
• Employment, transportation & health care
• Strong neighborhood ties and high levels of trust
11. Housing Affordability
• “Affordable housing” is less than 35% of income
• Shortages of affordable housing limits choice of
neighborhood
• High-cost housing prevents families from meeting
other basis needs, including nutrition, heat, health
care, prescriptions
• Housing affordability impacts homelessness
12. Homelessness and Health
• Respiratory diseases, HIV/AIDS, alcohol and drug
dependence, mental health problems, accidents and
violence are more common
• Homes are important for overall well-being, providing
a sense of security, privacy, and control
• The majority of homeless patients at FQHCs do not
have health insurance or ability to pay for health care
• Life expectancy is about 30 years less for those on the
streets
13. Poverty in Adults Connected to
Poor Health Status and Health
Behaviors
• Higher rates of chronic health
problems
• Higher rates of negative health
behaviors
• Less likely to have access to
health care and medication
In poverty Not in
poverty
Depression 31% 16%
Obesity 32% 26%
Smoking 33% 20%
Uninsured 38% 14%
Can’t
afford
medicine
38% 17%
Data Source: Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, 2012
15. Uninsured Have Higher Rates
of Morbidity and Mortality
In 2010, over 26,000 people between ages of 25-64 died
prematurely due to lack of health coverage
•5 times less likely to have regular source of care
•4 times more likely to delay/forgo preventive care
screening due to cost
o Uninsured women half as likely to get mammogram than insured
Data Source: Dying For Coverage: The Deadly Consequences of Being Uninsured. Families USA. June 2012
16. Uninsured Have Higher Rates
of Morbidity and Mortality
• 6 times as likely to go without needed medical care
• More likely to be diagnosed at advanced stage of
illness
o At least 25 percent more likely to die prematurely
• 60 percent of uninsured report problems will
medical bills or medical debt
Data Source: Dying For Coverage: The Deadly Consequences of Being Uninsured. Families USA. June 2012
17. Racial/Ethnic Minorities More
Likely to have Poor Health
Outcomes
All Cause Mortality, 2008
Race/Ethnicity Adjusted Rate
per 100,000
Non-Hispanic Black 1049.3
Non-Hispanic White 795.5
Hispanic 499.4
Non-Hispanic Asian 410.1
Data Source: Illinois Department of Public Health, 2008 Vital Statistics
18.
19. Presentation Outline
1. Public Health Overview
2. Housing, Health, and Vulnerable Populations
3. Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda
4. Current Work and Accomplishments
20. Healthy Chicago Policy Agenda
• Released in August 2011
• Identifies priorities for
action for next 5 years
• Identifies health status
targets for 2020
• Shifts us from one-time
programmatic interventions
to sustainable system, policy
and environmental changes
23. Presentation Outline
1. Public Health Overview
2. Housing, Health, and Vulnerable Populations
3. Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda
4. Current Work and Accomplishments
24. Access to Care
• Provide immunizations, family case management, WIC,
HIV primary care, STI testing, and mammography
• Serve mental health consumers through six clinics,
prioritizing the uninsured
• Invested $500,000 for expanded psychiatry services
awarded to 8 partners
• Partnered with FQHCs to provide primary care services
for the uninsured
25. Access to Care
• Over 113,000 students from 504 schools received
dental health services through school-based oral
health program (2011-2012)
• New vision program will serve 30,000 students
• Collaborate with state and local health authorities and
providers to promote Medicaid Expansion and the
Marketplace
26. Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
• Health care reform will provide access to care for
many at-risk populations
o Medicaid Expansion
o Health Insurance Marketplace
• We are working to ensure that enrollment
agents will be available at area shelters
• Health care system will be challenged to
provide comprehensive health care for
formerly uninsured
• Public health will continue to address
population health needs for this vulnerable
group
27. Adolescent Health
Chicago Public Schools (CPS) Partnership
•85% of CPS students receive free/reduced price lunch
•Established Office of Adolescent and School Health
o Oral health, vision services, teen pregnancy, and sexually transmitted
infection prevention services
•Hired CPS Chief Health Officer
•Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative
28. HIV Prevention
• In 2012, CDPH and delegate agencies provided
housing services to over 2,600 residents, HIV testing
to 43,000 persons, and STI clinical care to 21,000
persons.
• Integrated planning for prevention, care and housing
services for HIV
o Strengthen prevention
o Increase linkage & retention to care
o Increase treatment access
29. Violence Prevention
• CeaseFire partnership
• Domestic violence assistance
• Data collection partnership with police department
• Psychological First Aid training
• Chicago Dating Matters Initiative, $1.75 M federal
grant
31. Become a Healthy
Chicago Partner
• Partner to address specific health issues or
multiple Healthy Chicago priorities
• Adopt Healthy Chicago policies and practices in
your agency
• Receive our monthly updates and share your ideas
This presentation provides some background on public health, the health of vulnerable populations, and a snapshot of our efforts with vulnerable populations. First I will give you an overview of public health and the role of local public health departments in keeping people healthy Second I will discuss housing, health and some of the vulnerable populations who are the primary focus of our work Third, I will discuss the Healthy Chicago Public Health Agenda, the blueprint for our work at the Chicago Department of Public Health Last, I will highlight, very briefly, some of our work and accomplishments with vulnerable groups
I will start with a backdrop to help you understand our work and how we prioritize our public health work in a city of 2.7 million people. As a local public health department, we work on population health– rather than individual health. In doing so, we work to reduce health inequities between groups, which leads us to focus on improving the health of the most vulnerable populations.
Public health addresses 3 core functions– assurance, assessment, and policy development; and we focus on providing 10 essential services. The Chicago Department of Public Health ’s work is grounded in the core functions and essential services that you see here.
Our mission is to make Chicago a safer and healthier place by working with community partners to promote health, prevent disease, reduce environmental hazards, and ensure access to health care for all Chicagoans.
Why is it that some people are healthy are others are not? This pie chart shows the factors that influence health. What is surprising to many people is that genetics and medical care, together, only account for 40% of what influences our health. Social circumstances, environmental conditions, and behavioral “choices”– choices that are heavily influenced by our social circumstances and the environment– account for the majority. (Good health requires individuals make healthy decisions, but there are many obstacles that can make this difficult for people). A person ’s health is influenced by powerful social factors such as education, income, housing, and neighborhoods. Housing is a critical part of the picture– For example, our social circumstances– such as being poor– affect our housing choices, which in turn affect our environment, our access to medical care, and our so-called “choices”. (McGinnis et al, Health Affairs, Vol 22 (2)
Let ’s look at how housing influences health. Conditions within the home and in neighborhoods, along with housing affordability, have a lot to do with health. Conditions within the Home- Homes must be safe and free from physical hazards. Poor and inadequate housing quality contributes to health problems such as infectious and chronic diseases, injuries, and poor childhood development. Neighborhood Conditions- Along with conditions in the home, the neighborhoods where homes are also have significant effects on health. This includes physical, environmental, social, and economic conditions. Housing Affordability- Affordable housing– housing that costs less than 35% of a family ’s income– is also essential for good health. Affordable housing ensures that individuals and families are able to remain housed, have safe and healthy living conditions, and have enough money for food, health care, and other basic needs.
Most Americans spend the vast majority of their time indoors, and most that time is at home. Very young children spend even more time at home and are especially vulnerable to household hazards. Therefore, the conditions within the home are very important. Here are some common examples of how conditions within the home can negatively affect health: --Lead-based paint irreversibly affects brain and nervous system development, resulting in lower intelligence and reading disabilities --Substandard housing conditions such as water-leaks, poor ventilation, dirty carpets and pest infestation can lead to increased mold, mites, and other allergens, and result in respiratory illnesses such as asthma --Housing can be a source of carcinogenic pollutants – radon, tobacco smoke, pollutants from cooking with gas, and asbestos have been linked to cancer and respiratory illness --Injuries occurring at home result in ED visits and hospital admissions. Steep staircases, a lack of security devices such as window guards and smoke detectors, and substandard heating systems are among the culprits.
The social, physical, environmental, and economic characteristics of a neighborhood affect short and long-term health quality and longevity. -There are many different facets of healthy neighborhoods, including crime, violence, & pollution; safe places to play and exercise; access to grocery stores with produce and reduced access to unhealthy foods through fast food outlets, convenience stores, & liquor stores; the ability to access employment, health care, and transportation; and strong neighborhood ties providing a sense of cohesion and social support.
--Affordable housing is less than 30% of income. Low income families are more likely to lack affordable housing. An estimated 17 million households in the U.S. pay more than 50% of their incomes on housing (Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University. The State of the Nation ’s Housing: 2008. Cambridge MA, 2008) -- Shortages of affordable housing limit choices about where to live, often relegating lower income families to substandard housing in unsafe, overcrowded neighborhoods with high rates of poverty, fewer resources for health (sidewalks, bike paths, recreation centers, etc.) --Unaffordable housing means families often choose to pay rent/mortgage over other needs that impact health: healthy food, heat, health care, medication --And of course, a lack of affordable housing contributes to homelessness
What about the connections between homelessness and health? ---In 2010, the Chicago Coalition for the Homeless and UIC estimated that there were 57,379 homeless in Chicago. (The Facts Behind the Faces: A Fact Sheet from the Chicago Coalition for the Homeless. November 2011. ) ---There are high rates of respiratory diseases (TB), HIV/AIDS, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, alcohol and drug problems, suicide, and other problems among persons who are homeless. Some problems predate homelessness and others are caused by it. Lack of shelter results in health problems due to exposure and also makes recovery from health problems slow and difficult --Homes contribute to overall well-being in other ways too– homes are secure bases; homes offer privacy; people are in control of their lives in their home -- Access to care for this population is limited. (Lebrun-Harris, L, et al. Health Status and Health Care Experiences among Homeless Patients in Federally Supported Health Centers: Findings from the 2009 Patient Survey. Health Services Research 48(3) 2013 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.12009 ) --Life expectancy is about 30 years less for persons who live on the street than for those who are housed (James O ’Connell, Premature Mortality in Homeless Populations: A Review of the Literature)
At the Chicago Department of Public Health, we focus a great deal on the health of low-income adults as a whole. Adults in poverty are more likely to have poor health status and higher rates of problematic health behaviors. Data show that adults in poverty have higher rates of chronic health problems: especially those diagnosed with depression, with a difference of 15 percentage points between those in poverty and those not in poverty. Higher rates of chronic diseases for those in poverty were noted also for: asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart attacks -- which are likely related to the higher level of obesity found for this group -- 32% vs. 26% for adults not in poverty Health behaviors also were worse in those in poverty, especially smoking, 33% of poor adults, compare to 20% of adults not in poverty. Not unexpected, those in poverty had lower rates of regular exercise (48% v. 52%) and healthy eating (5+ servings fruit and vegetables , 4 days/week—50% v. 56%). In addition, those in poverty were less likely to be insured and be able to afford medication. Gallup Wellbeing The Gallup-Healthways Well-being Index is based on more than 288,000 interview during 2011 with American Adults. Poverty is based on the U.S. Census levels. http://www.gallup.com/poll/158417/poverty-comes-depression-illness.aspx?version=print
The map on the left shows areas of economic hardship, as indicated by poverty level, crowded housing, unemployment, low levels of education, and per capita income, with darker purple areas experiencing more hardship. The map on the right shows uncontrolled diabetes hospitalization rates, with higher rates shown in darker green. By comparing these maps, it documents that areas with a higher economic hardship index have higher rates of diabetes hospitalizations, which are often indicators of inadequate access to care and community resources to stay healthy.
The uninsured have much higher rates of morbidity and mortality than the insured. In 2010, over 26,000 people in the U.S. between the ages of 25-64 died prematurely due to a lack of health care coverage. The uninsured are 5 times less likely to have a regular source of care, and 4 times more likely to delay or forgo preventive care screenings because of the cost. For example, uninsured women are half as likely to get a mammogram.
The uninsured are also 6 times as likely to go without medical care And more likely to be diagnosed, at an advanced stage, of an illness. This takes a financial toll, with 60 percent of the uninsured reporting problems with medical bills or medical debt.
Racial/ethnic minorities are also more likely to have poor health outcomes. This charts shows all cause mortality by racial/ethnic group, with Non-Hispanic Black having a rate 32% higher than Non-Hispanic Whites.
The map on the left shows community areas that have a majority racial/ethnic population. The green communities are Non-Hispanic Black, the orange, Hispanic, and the purple are majority non-Hispanic White. The map on the right shows female breast cancer mortality. The areas with the darker purple have higher rates of mortality. What these maps show is that areas of higher mortality are overwhelmingly in non-Hispanic Black communities. Maps for many other health outcomes look very similar to the breast cancer mortality map, demonstrating the link between racial/ethnic minorities and poor health outcomes.
In the time remaining, I will tell you about our efforts to improve the health of vulnerable populations.
The Healthy Chicago public health agenda was released in August 2011, and serves as our framework for how the Chicago Department of Public Health will lead and work with partners to improve the health and well-being of Chicagoans. The agenda identifies our priorities for the next 5 years, and includes health status targets for 2020. Our agenda moved us from working on one-time programmatic interventions to making longer term changes for more people through working on sustainable system, policy, and environmental changes.
Our 12 priority areas are shown here….
Partnerships are essential to our efforts….
Now I will discuss our current work and accomplishments. This is only a small snapshot of our efforts.
Through our role in assuring health care access, we provide, as well as partner to provide, many health care services for vulnerable populations. We provide immunizations, family case management, WIC, HIV primary care, STI testing, and mammography services directly We also serve mental health consumers– primarily uninsured-- through six clinics Recognizing the limited capacity for community-based psychiatry services, we invested $500,000 in community psychiatric services last year. Beginning last year, we partnered with six FQHCs to provide primary care services. The transition included a $4.7 million investment to cover the costs of care for uninsured patients.
In 2011-2012 school year, over 113,000 Chicago students from 504 schools received dental health services through school-based oral health program; Services expanding to 106 high schools City invested $1.4 M in new vision program; 30,000 students will get optometry exam and eyeglasses as needed We are collaborating with health authorities and providers to promote the Medicaid expansion and the marketplace
However, through Health Care Reform access to care for many at-risk populations will be provided Medicaid Expansion Health Insurance Marketplace Because it is difficult to access this population, an “all hands on deck” approach to getting homeless enrolled is needed. We will work with DFSS and other not-for-profit to make sure that enrollment agents will be available at shelters for enrollment. Health care system will be challenged to provide comprehensive health care for formerly uninsured
The large student population at Chicago Public Schools is largely Hispanic (45%), African American (41%), and low income (85% receive free/reduced price lunch), providing opportunities to improve the public health of vulnerable populations The CDPH Office of Adolescent and School Health was established in late 2011. The Office has united oral health, vision services, teen pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infection prevention efforts under a single leader, and provides a liaison and focal point for several other public health programs Expanded STI screening project to 28 schools. Educated 9215, screened 6147, identified 436 The Chief Health Officer for Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is a new position that oversees critical student health programs within CPS and collaborate with the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) on the “Healthy Schools” component of the citywide “ Healthy Chicago ” initiatives. The Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative is a $19.7m initiative funded by the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services ’ Office of Adolescent Health. The Initiative is jointly administered by CDPH and CPS. It is a five year initiative funded through August 31, 2015. The aim of the initiative is to reduce teen pregnancies in Chicago and improve access to care for adolescents. It includes youth development curriculum, public awareness, peer health ambassadors, a condom availability program, and an adolescent data repository
We manage over $51 million in City and grant funding to support HIV /STI prevention and care services. Over 40 million are delegated to community agencies to implement activities in support of citywide goals. In 2012, we provided housing services to over 26,000 residents, HIV testing to 43,000 persons, and STI clinical care to 21,000 persons. One specific accomplishment I ’d like to highlight is our integrated planning efforts. In 2012, Chicago became the one of the first large metropolitan areas in the country to integrate planning for the prevention, care, and housing services for HIV. Prior to the establishment of the Chicago Area HIV Integrated Services Council, HIV planning had been conducted by three separate bodies. Aligned with the National HIV/AIDS strategy, the 42-member HIV Integrated Services Council provides guidance for service delivery and informs the allocation of HIV community partner funding for Chicago and nine collar counties. The integration of prevention, care and housing allows our Department to ensure a more strategic approach to planning and a more effective use of resources across the HIV continuum of services.
In June 2012, the City announced a $1 million partnership between the Chicago Police Department, CDPH, and CeaseFire. CeaseFire uses a public health approach to reduce violence by working to mitigate conflicts before they become violent. In 2012 with funding from the Chicago Department of Family and Support Services, domestic violence agencies in Chicago helped nearly 9,000 domestic violence agencies victims and their children. A safe location was provided for visitation for nearly 200 families, and more than 26,000 domestic violence help line calls were answered. We are making strides in better understanding childhood exposure to violence through a partnership with the Chicago Police Department. With support from the California Endowment Fund, Chicago Police Department is expanding data collection to provide better insight into the scope and types of childhood exposure to violence. Our Office of Violence Prevention provides training and technical assistance on Psychological First Aid and community-focused stress reduction to substance abuse treatment providers, youth, youth leaders, and community leaders. Our CDC-funded teen dating violence program just completed its first year. The program is being implemented in 12 middle and high schools in high need communities. The program includes parent & teacher training, the delivery of evidence-based curriculum, social media, and youth ambassadors. Over 9,000 students, parents, and educators will be served.
Through Healthy Chicago, we are developing action plans to serve as roadmaps to address the health needs of particular populations. We have action plans developed specific to the needs of LGBT populations and Chicago Public Schools students. We also have an oral health plan and community-developed policy recommendations. The LGBT Community Action Plan serves as a road map to address the health needs of Chicago ’s Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Community (LGBT). It is also a supplement to Healthy Chicago, the City of Chicago’s public health agenda that identifies 12 priority areas for action including tobacco use, obesity, violence prevention and access to care. The Community Action Plan was put together with the help of community based organizations, health providers, partners and stakeholders who have the same dedication that the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) does to the overall health of our city with a keen understanding of the health challenges faced in the LGBT community. The Plan outlines strategic ways to address disparities in health status and health care access in the LGBT community As an extension of the Healthy Chicago Initiative, The IMPACT Program at Northwestern University has created a new report to document the health disparities of Chicago ’s LGBT youth. The report follows the framework of the Healthy Chicago Initiative and focuses on the areas of mental, physical, and sexual health, as well as substance use and violence prevention. Issues such as suicide, HIV/AIDS, tobacco and alcohol use, dating violence, and victimization are examined in the paper. Over 50 community leaders delivered a 20-page set of policy recommendations to our Department following a 10-week effort by a special community committee of the Local Initiatives Support Corporation (plus their local partners) on health issues. More than 70 leaders – organized into three subcommittees –researched and brainstormed what can be done to make their communities healthier. Ultimately they settled on eight core recommendations on matters ranging from gun violence to alcohol and tobacco sales, from fresh food access to breast feeding. The Plan was the result of the combined efforts of stakeholders, representing over 60 organizations, at the first Chicago Area Oral Health Summit held in January of this year. The three main goals of the Plan are to expand and strength the current oral health infrastructure, increase utilization of the oral health system, and promote oral health through educating the public and non-oral health professionals. Healthy CPS provides a roadmap for how the Chicago Public Schools will work with CDPH and other partners to create systems, policy and programmatic changes to improve the health and wellness of CPS students. The strategies presented on the following pages align directly with the broader Healthy Chicago agenda and identify concrete steps for action.
In closing, for those of you who are in Chicago, we invite you to become a Healthy Chicago partner. You can partner with us to address specific health issues or multiple Healthy Chicago priorities We can talk with you about adopting Healthy Chicago policies and practices in your agency I would like to invite all of you, both in and outside of Chicago, to receive our monthly updates and share your ideas with us.