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Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador
                       Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas
                     Departamento de Idomas Modernos
            Subprograma de la Enseñanza de la Literatura en Inglés




Examining critical thinking skills in English V students at the IPC
             through the reading of short stories:
                    A process-based approach.




                                                            Prof. Alexis Maizo

                             Caracas, July de 2012
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

    The teaching of literature as an integrated aspect of the
teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is hardly
ever seen these days. This, in itself, is not a problem unless
we can perceive the effects that the absence of literary texts
may produce in students.

    Little emphasis on the development of critical thinking.
The students hardly ever read. This reflects on the students’
performance, and slows down their academic progress
regarding the understanding of written texts.
OBJECTIVES
General Objective

 To develop critical thinking as an essential skill to
 understand texts.

Specific Objectives

  •To describe the students basic traits before carrying out
 the experiment.

  •To make use of the literary text (short stories) to
 promote discussions in the classroom.

   •To compare the grades the students will get after the
 treatment with the grades the same students used to get
 before the experiment was carried out.
JUSTIFICATION

    The integration of Literature in EFL is of paramount
importance to develop, not only reading skills, but also
consciousness regarding the process of understanding a
text syntactically and semantically speaking.


   We can assume then that the neglecting of literature as
a bridge to enhance reading (Bolivar and Beke, 2012) in the
classroom may limit the possibilities students have to
become better readers.
By “better readers” we mean readers who, besides
understanding the formal aspects of language (grammar,
or vocabulary, for instance), are also able to grasp
meanings efficiently in order to whether agree or disagree
with the ideas presented in the text.


   By doing so, students are free to take a stance regarding
the texts they read. This is the initial step towards critical
thinking that most of our students in initial levels at
Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas (IPC) need to develop
more.
HYPOTHESIS

   We strongly believe that by reinforcing reading habits in
our students from early stages, we will be also proving
learners with numerous patterns they will make use of
when producing, for instance, descriptive, narrative, or
argumentative texts.


     We follow the premise that the amount of reading
students get will have a strong impact on the quality of
writing they produce (Hirvela, 2007, p. 112).
METHODOLOGY


Quasi-experimental study


As in this research we are making assumptions to try to

predict cause-and-effect relationships or the occurrence

of a phenomena, we can say this study can be also

defined as: deductive. (Seliger and Shohamy, 1989, p. 89)
We will apply a pre and post test without a control
group.
There will only be a treatment group as represented in
the diagram below.
Population:

 Students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) at
 Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas (IPC)

Sample:


 English V students from one particular section at the
 IPC.
Variables

Dependent: English V students’ critical thinking skills.
Such variable can be considered ordinal and they can be
measured numerically after operationalizing them.

Independent: critical thinking, reading.

We will use a Likert scale to determine the frequency of
presence regarding each sub component (or sub skill)
dealing with critical thinking.

Strenuous    variables:    age,   gender,    cultural
background, ethnic background.

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Proyecto (Alexis Maizo)

  • 1. Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas Departamento de Idomas Modernos Subprograma de la Enseñanza de la Literatura en Inglés Examining critical thinking skills in English V students at the IPC through the reading of short stories: A process-based approach. Prof. Alexis Maizo Caracas, July de 2012
  • 2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The teaching of literature as an integrated aspect of the teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is hardly ever seen these days. This, in itself, is not a problem unless we can perceive the effects that the absence of literary texts may produce in students. Little emphasis on the development of critical thinking. The students hardly ever read. This reflects on the students’ performance, and slows down their academic progress regarding the understanding of written texts.
  • 3. OBJECTIVES General Objective To develop critical thinking as an essential skill to understand texts. Specific Objectives •To describe the students basic traits before carrying out the experiment. •To make use of the literary text (short stories) to promote discussions in the classroom. •To compare the grades the students will get after the treatment with the grades the same students used to get before the experiment was carried out.
  • 4. JUSTIFICATION The integration of Literature in EFL is of paramount importance to develop, not only reading skills, but also consciousness regarding the process of understanding a text syntactically and semantically speaking. We can assume then that the neglecting of literature as a bridge to enhance reading (Bolivar and Beke, 2012) in the classroom may limit the possibilities students have to become better readers.
  • 5. By “better readers” we mean readers who, besides understanding the formal aspects of language (grammar, or vocabulary, for instance), are also able to grasp meanings efficiently in order to whether agree or disagree with the ideas presented in the text. By doing so, students are free to take a stance regarding the texts they read. This is the initial step towards critical thinking that most of our students in initial levels at Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas (IPC) need to develop more.
  • 6. HYPOTHESIS We strongly believe that by reinforcing reading habits in our students from early stages, we will be also proving learners with numerous patterns they will make use of when producing, for instance, descriptive, narrative, or argumentative texts. We follow the premise that the amount of reading students get will have a strong impact on the quality of writing they produce (Hirvela, 2007, p. 112).
  • 7. METHODOLOGY Quasi-experimental study As in this research we are making assumptions to try to predict cause-and-effect relationships or the occurrence of a phenomena, we can say this study can be also defined as: deductive. (Seliger and Shohamy, 1989, p. 89)
  • 8. We will apply a pre and post test without a control group. There will only be a treatment group as represented in the diagram below.
  • 9. Population: Students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) at Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas (IPC) Sample: English V students from one particular section at the IPC.
  • 10. Variables Dependent: English V students’ critical thinking skills. Such variable can be considered ordinal and they can be measured numerically after operationalizing them. Independent: critical thinking, reading. We will use a Likert scale to determine the frequency of presence regarding each sub component (or sub skill) dealing with critical thinking. Strenuous variables: age, gender, cultural background, ethnic background.