This document provides definitions and explanations of various digital communication protocols, methods, devices, and services. It discusses Internet Protocol (IP) and how it allows data transmission between computers on the Internet through unique IP addresses. It also describes broadband as a high-speed internet connection technique, email and how electronic messages are composed and sent, iMessage for instant messaging between Apple devices, and the World Wide Web as an information space of linked documents accessed via the Internet through URLs. Finally, it defines an Internet Service Provider (ISP) as a company that provides access to the Internet and other online services.

1. Protocols,
Methods &
Devices
Brad Petrie

2. Protocols
• IP
• Broadband
• 3G/4G
• GPRS
• Bluetooth

3. IP
What is it?
The Internet Protocol (IP)
is the method or protocol
by which data is sent
from one computer to
another on the Internet.
Each computer (known as
a host) on the Internet
has at least
one IP address that
uniquely identifies it from
all other computers on
the Internet.
How is it used?
The Internet Protocol
is responsible for
addressing hosts and
for routing datagrams
(packets) from a
source host to a
destination host across
one or more IP
networks. For this
purpose, the Internet
Protocol defines the
format of packets and
provides an addressing
system that has two
functions: Identifying
hosts and providing a
logical location service

4. Broadband
What is it?
A high-capacity
transmission technique
using a wide range of
frequencies, which
enables a higher speed
internet connection than
the traditional dial-up
service.
How is it used?
Basically, the internet
comes into your router
and is then converted
into a radio signal and
broadcast. The wireless
network card in your
computer picks it up and
re-encodes it again.

5. Methods
• Email
• iMessage
• SMS/MMS
• Blogs
• Wikis
• MMPRPG
• Chat groups

6. Email
What is it?
Short for electronic mail, email
is defined as the transmission
of messages
over communications networks.
Typically the messages are
notes entered from
the keyboard or
electronic files stored on disk.
How is it used?
Most email systems
include a
rudimentary text
editor for composing
messages, but many
allow you to edit your
messages using any
editor you want. Some
systems will also provide
basic formatting,
including bold, italics,
font color and HTML. You
can use the program to
send the message to a
recipient by specifying
the recipient's address.

7. iMessage
What is it?
iMessage is Apple's built-
in instant
messaging service. It
lets you send text,
picture, video, sound,
and location quickly and
easily to anyone else
using iMessage on
iPhone, iPad, Mac, or
Apple Watch.
How is it used?
You can send iMessages
over Wi-Fi or cellular
data to anyone and
everyone using an
iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod
touch, or Apple Watch.
You can also send
standard carrier
SMS/MMS text and
picture messages to
anyone on any phone.

8. Services
• WWW
• ISP
• Domains
• Web 3.0

9. What is it?
The World Wide Web
is an information space
where documents and
other web resources are
identified by Uniform
Resource Locators
(URLs), interlinked by
hypertext links, and can
be accessed via the
Internet.
WWW
How is it used?
Because the Internet is a
global network of
computers each
computer connected to
the Internet must have a
unique address. Internet
addresses are in the
form nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn
where nnn must be a
number from 0 - 255.
This address is known as
an IP address and is how
we connect to the web.

10. What is it?
An ISP (Internet service
provider) is a company
that provides individuals
and other companies
access to the Internet
and other related
services such as Web site
building and virtual
hosting.
ISP How is it used?
When you connect to the
Internet, your computer
becomes part of a
network. Every
computer that is
connected to the
Internet is part of a
network, even the one
in your home. For
example, you may use a
modem and dial a local
number to connect to
an Internet Service
Provider (ISP).