This document provides information about personal pronouns and the verb "to be" in English. It lists singular and plural pronouns and their conjugations of "to be" in affirmative, negative and contraction forms. Examples are given for first, second and third person pronouns. Questions and short answers are also demonstrated using the "to be" verb.

1. PERSONAL PRONOUNS AND THE VERB “TO BE”

2. SINGULAR PLURAL Pronouns * A pronoun takes the place of a noun * I we you you he they she it

3. are they are She is it is we SINGULAR PLURAL I am He is you are Be: am, are, is

4. I am a student Contraction/short form I´m a student Negative form I am not a student I´m not a student Be: am, are, is

5. FULL FORM SHORT FORM You are very smart you´re very smart We are cousins we´re cousins You are good tennis players you´re good tennis players They are good students they´re good students Be: am, are, is

6. FULL FORM SHORT FORM He is very smart He´s very smart She is my cousin She´s my cousin He is my teacher He´s my teacher Be: am, are, is

7. NEGATIVE FORM SHORT NEGATIVE FORM You are not very smart you aren´t very smart We are not cousins we aren´t cousins You are not good tennis players you aren´t good tennis players They are not good students they aren´t good students Be: am, are, is

8. She is a nurse * Is she a nurse? AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES QUESTIONS He is an excellent teacher Is he an excellent teacher? She is in the bedroom Is she in the bedroom? They are in the garden Are they in the garden? * When changing is-are sentences to questions, use the cross rule where the verb in the questions goes to the beginning of the sentence.

9. SHORT ANSWERS Yes, he is /No, he isn't Yes, she is / No, she isn't Yes, they are / No, they aren't Yes, it is / No, it isn't QUESTIONS Is he an excellent teacher? Is she in the bedroom? Are they in the garden? Is it a blue car? * In short answers we never use subject-verb contractions, but we can use the verb+not contraction.