The document discusses definite and indefinite pronouns in Indonesian. Definite pronouns like saya, anda, dia are used to replace nouns that have already been mentioned. Indefinite pronouns like seseorang, sesuatu are used when the noun is unknown or has not been mentioned yet. Examples are provided to illustrate the usage of different pronouns in subject, object, and possessive forms in sentences.

1. PRONOUN / KATA GANTI
DEFINITE
Digunakan untuk menggantikan orang atau benda yang sudah diketahui/dikatakan sebelumnya.
Possessive
Subject Object Keterangan
Adjective Pronoun
I Me My Mine
Menggantikan si pembicara
I write a letter The letter is written by me This is my letter The letter is mine
You You Your Yours
Menggantikan lawan bicara/pendengar
You write a letter The letter is written by you This is your letter The letter is yours
He Him His His Menggantikan orang lain (bukan
He writes a letter The letter is written by him This is his letter The letter is his pembicara maupun pendengar) laki-laki
Menggantikan orang lain (bukan
She Her Her Hers
pembicara maupun pendengar)
She writes a letter The letter is written by her This is her letter The letter is hers
perempuan
We Us Our Ours Menggantikan
We write a letter The letter is written by us This is our letter The letter is ours pembicara+pendengar+orang lain
They Them Their Theirs
Menggantikan beberapa orang/benda
They write a letter The letter is written by them This is their letter The letter is theirs
Menggantikan
It It Its Its
benda/kegiatan/keadaan/object bukan
It write a letter The letter is written by it This is its letter The letter is its
manusia
Untuk Adjective dan pronoun, kalau
Digunakan di awal Digunakan di akhir kalimat pronoun-nya nama boleh gunakan
Digunakan di akhir kalimat Digunakan sebelum object
kalimat sebagai sebagai pemilik Subject + ‘s :
sebagai object
subject Andy’s, Ana’s, Buddy’s, mother’s,
father’s, uncle’s, etc
© Aidia Propitious 1

2. INDEFINITE
Digunakan untuk menggantikan orang atau benda yang belum/tidak diketahui/dikatakan sebelumnya.
- Somebody / someone
He saw somebody there
Seseorang Dapat juga digunakan dalam kalimat Tanya bila
Digunakan dalam kalimat positive He saw someone there
- Something jawabannya sudah pasti yes
He saw something there
Sesuatu
- Anybody / anyone He didn’t see anybody there Dapat juga digunakan dalam kalimat positive
Digunakan dalam kalimat negative atau bila artinya siapa saja atau apa saja
Seseorang / setiap orang interogative Did he see anyone there?
- Anything He didn’t see anything there
Apa saja / setiap benda Did he see anything there?
He saw everybody there
- Everybody / everyone Sama dengan di atas.. ! (anybody/anyone / He didn’t see everybody there
Setiap orang anything) Did he see everyone there? Dapat juga digunakan seperti di atas (anybody,
- Everything Digunakan dalam kalimat negative atau He saw everything there anyone, anything), begitupun sebaliknya
Apa saja / setiap benda interrogative maupun positive He didn’t see everything there
Did he see everything there?
- No one / nobody
Tidak seorang pun Digunakan dalam kalimat positive He saw nobody there Bisa juga menggunakan
- Nothing He saw no one there anybody/anyone/anything, tetapi kalimatnya
Tidak ada sama sekali /tidak ada He saw nothing there harus negative
satupun
Is this you’re another pen?
Another Bendanya boleh disebutkan, boleh juga tidak.
Digunakan untuk benda lain yang belum This is my another pen
Yang lain (belum pernah
disebutkan/belum diketahui sebelumnya
disebutkan/diketahui) Syarat : noun-nya harus tunggal (singular)
Nama bendanya boleh diganti one / ones
Is this you’re other pen?
The other / the others
Digunakan untuk benda lain yang sudah This is my other pen Kalau bendanya lebih dari satu the other-nya
Yang lain (sudah pernah
disebutkan/sudah diketahui sebelumnya diberi akhiran s menjadi the others
disebutkan/diketahui)
Nama bendanya boleh diganti one / ones
These are my other pens
Other / others Bendanya boleh disebutkan, boleh juga tidak.
These are my others
Yang lain (belum pernah Sama dengan another
disebutkan/diketahui) Syarat : noun-nya harus jamak (singular)
Nama bendanya boleh diganti one / ones
That, this + (to be ; is, was) Digunakan untuk menunjuk benda tunggal This is my pen Menunjuk benda tunggal (singular)
Those, these + (to be ; are, were) Digunakan untuk menunjuk benda jamak These are my pens Menunjuk benda jamak (plural)
© Aidia Propitious

3. 1. I have a cat. … is black 6. Is his name Anton? Yes, …
a. it a. I am Anton
b. its b. he is anton
c. he c. you are anton
d. she d. she is anton
2. This umbrella is red, but … is black 7. Is your sister a doctor? Yes, …
a. the other a. I am
b. the others b. we are
c. another c. she is
d. other d. he is
3. Ana and … are neighbors. We live on Jalan Rusa 8. Mr. Ali’s daughter is not here now. … has gone to Supermarket
a. you a. he
b. he b. she
c. she c. they
d. I d. we
4. Debora and I are the best students in our class. Our headmaster will give … 9. The lady and … have passed the test. Both of you will be student of SMA
a present. a. I
a. me b. you
b. her c. he
c. us d. she
d. them
10. On my way home yesterday, I heard … falling from the tree
5. There are ten children in the yard. Seven are boys and … are girls a. something
a. the others b. everything
b. the other c. anything
c. another d. all things
d. another children
© Aidia Propitious 3

4. 11. The chairs are very comfortable. We want to buy … 16. I need a dictionary. Could you lend me … ?
a. it a. yours
b. its b. your
c. them c. you
d. they d. your’s
12. … is ill now. The doctor will examine her soon 17. Andi, Johan, Sartika, Luci, and I are going to go camping. Now … need a
a. Mr. William tent
b. Mrs. William a. he
c. William b. she
d. William’s brother c. they
d. we
13. It is very difficult, I think … can do it
a. no one 18. Billy is a student in America, and so am I.
b. one … will finish studying there next year
c. anybody a. we
d. nobody b. he
c. I
14. I came to Ana’s house last night.
d. they
I knocked the door, but there was no answer
I think there wasn’t anybody there 19. The gardener has to cut 20 trees. He has cut 10 trees. He is going to cut …
I’m sure there was … at home tomorrow
a. everyone a. the other tree
b. anyone b. the others tree
c. someone c. the other trees
d. no one d. the others trees
15. We invited all friends to our party. … enjoyed the party very much 20. Tono has just bought a new car.
a. us …. New car is red.
b. them a. His
c. he b. Him
d. they c. He
d. He’s
© Aidia Propitious 4