The Algal Ecophysiology Laboratory at Monash University studies the effects of climate change and nutrient interactions on algae growth. Current projects examine how elevated CO2 and UV-B radiation impact microalgae performance, and how nutrient uptake relates to photosynthesis in macro and microalgae. The lab also investigates growth factors for the toxic cyanobacteria Nodularia and Cylindrospermopsis, and examines Synechococcus blooms in the Gippsland Lakes.
It is a wonderfull ppt for the deleterious impact of algae. There are no such type of ppt. It is prepare by myself by the help for books and research papers.
A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events and have been associated with various types of shellfish poisonings.
It is a wonderfull ppt for the deleterious impact of algae. There are no such type of ppt. It is prepare by myself by the help for books and research papers.
A harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms via production of natural toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events and have been associated with various types of shellfish poisonings.
The main goal of this research paper was to address the specific environmental impacts of harmful cyanobacterial blooms, and to describe the potential causes of these events.
Eugene Braig, Program Director, Aquatic Ecosystems at The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences shares in-depth information regarding the harmful algal blooms (HABs) on Grand Lake St. Marys. Learn more at http://www.lakeimprovement.com.
I AM HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WASEEM from mailsi vehari
BSc from science college Multan
MSC university of education Lahore
i love Pakistan and my teachers and my parents
There are four main control methods for lakes and reservoirs; chemicals, aeration, mixing and ultrasound. Using the right method, will help you to keep a healthy, well-balanced water body. Excessive cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and green algae growth in lakes and reservoirs can have negative consequences for the water quality. The water turns green, sand filters can clog, and some algae can produce geosmins and MIB, giving the water an ‘earthy’ and ‘molty’ taste, which can result in customer complaints. This blog post provides a complete overview of algae growth conditions and four main control methods.
Water pollution is the introduction of chemical, physical or biological material into fresh or oceans waters that degrade the quality of water and affects the organism living in it. This process ranges from simple addition of dissolved or suspended solids that discharge the most insidious and persistent toxic pollutants (such as non-biodegradable, bio-accumulated, chemical compounds, pesticides and heavy metals).
Water is very useful for our daily
life. We use it for various purpose like
cocking, washing cloths, cleaning,
drinking, industries and agriculture
etc.Undesirable change in the physical, chemical and
biological characteristics of water that may harmfully
affect the life or create a potential hazard for living
organism is called “water pollution”.
The main goal of this research paper was to address the specific environmental impacts of harmful cyanobacterial blooms, and to describe the potential causes of these events.
Eugene Braig, Program Director, Aquatic Ecosystems at The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences shares in-depth information regarding the harmful algal blooms (HABs) on Grand Lake St. Marys. Learn more at http://www.lakeimprovement.com.
I AM HAFIZ MUHAMMAD WASEEM from mailsi vehari
BSc from science college Multan
MSC university of education Lahore
i love Pakistan and my teachers and my parents
There are four main control methods for lakes and reservoirs; chemicals, aeration, mixing and ultrasound. Using the right method, will help you to keep a healthy, well-balanced water body. Excessive cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and green algae growth in lakes and reservoirs can have negative consequences for the water quality. The water turns green, sand filters can clog, and some algae can produce geosmins and MIB, giving the water an ‘earthy’ and ‘molty’ taste, which can result in customer complaints. This blog post provides a complete overview of algae growth conditions and four main control methods.
Water pollution is the introduction of chemical, physical or biological material into fresh or oceans waters that degrade the quality of water and affects the organism living in it. This process ranges from simple addition of dissolved or suspended solids that discharge the most insidious and persistent toxic pollutants (such as non-biodegradable, bio-accumulated, chemical compounds, pesticides and heavy metals).
Water is very useful for our daily
life. We use it for various purpose like
cocking, washing cloths, cleaning,
drinking, industries and agriculture
etc.Undesirable change in the physical, chemical and
biological characteristics of water that may harmfully
affect the life or create a potential hazard for living
organism is called “water pollution”.
At the end of summer, water temperatures are still high, and salinities and dissolved oxygen are low in Puget Sound. Both sea surface temperature and upwelling off the coast are elevated (PDO and Upwelling indices) and the the Fraser River flow is low. This combination makes it an interesting fall. Very dense and large patches of jellyfish appear in finger inlets of South Sound. Red-brown blooms also remain strong in South Sound.
Toxic Algae and Their Environmental Consequences_ Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublishersTTEH
Toxic Algae and Their Environmental Consequences by Syed Hasnain Shah*, Tanzeelur Rahman, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Syeda Tayyaba Bibi and Saqib Zahoor in Crimson Publishers: Health informatics
Harmful algae reproduction (HAB) occurs when algae producing toxins grow in water algae are microscopic organisms that live in an aquatic environment and through photosynthesis generate chemical energy from sunlight like higher plants. The growth of algae or algal blooms is visible with naked eye and are green layers, it might be blue, red or brown depending on the type of algae natural waters such as lakes, ponds and rivers always contain algae, but few species produce toxins In such algae, the production of toxins can be induced by environmental conditions like light, temperature and nutrients levels. The release of algae or algae toxins can have serious adverse effects on humans, fish, animals and other strata of the ecosystem
https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/fulltext/TTEH.000519.php
For more Open access journals in Crimson Publishers
Please click on: https://crimsonpublishers.com/
For more Articles on Health informatics
please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/tteh/index.php
Status of Phytoplankton Community of Kisumu Bay, Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, K...theijes
Lake Victoria has undergone remarkable and diverse ecological perturbations which are as a result of physical, chemical and biological processes, together with human activities that take place in the watershed area and within the lake itself. The most observed effects include increases in phytoplankton biomass and frequent algal blooms. In this study species composition, abundance, spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton as well as total phytoplankton biomass of Kisumu Bay, (Winam Gulf), Lake Victoria, Kenya was studied for six months in the wake of climate change. Sampling was done every two weeks using a Van Dorn Water sampler to take water samples and algal cells were counted under an inverted microscope with the help of a Sedge-Wick Rafter Cell in order to determine density. Phytoplankton biomass indicated by chlorophyll-content was determined through cold extraction in acetone and subsequent quantification by spectrophotometry. Physicochemical parameters were measured in situ using respective meters, while plant nutrient levels were determined by spectrophotometric methods following standard methods of APHA 1985 and Gems (1992) Handbook. ANOVA test was used to determine any temporal and spatial variability in the biological factors. Regression and Pearson’s correlation analyses were done to establish relationships between these factors. LSD test was done to determine means which were significantly different. The results indicated that a total of 36 genera of algae belonging to Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Pyrrophyta were present, with dominance of the classes in terms of number of species being in that order. Chroococcus species was the most abundant and its density was significantly different from all the others. Most algal species were more or less homogenously distributed in the bay (p=1.0000) and over the study period (p=1.0000), but their densities varied significantly between different species (p<0.0001). From these results, it can be concluded that the phytoplankton community within the bay is becoming very dynamic and could possibly portray the status in the whole lake. Diatoms are becoming increasingly dominant. There is continual increasing trend in physico-chemical factors. The information obtained from this work contributes to the understanding of ecological changes in the bay in response to climate change and variability and thus the threat to biodiversity. This information is therefore important for ecological and management purposes of the lake and understanding effects of climate change on ecosystem structure, functioning and productivity.
Variation in the plankton abundance, biomass and diversity of Municipal pond ...AbdullaAlAsif1
This is the first approach to identification, abundance calculation; biomass analysis and diversity evaluation in two water bodies namely, Municipal pond and Bukvora baor at Jashore district, Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to find out the abundance and species diversity of plankton, water quality parameters in pond and baor environment. However, Municipal pond that is located at the central point of Jashore town and Bukvora baor that is located at sadar upazila in Jashore district. Study also concentrated on the comparison about abundance, species diversity and water quality parameters between pond and baor. Water samples were collected in each month throughout the study period from May, 2016 to August, 2016. Different water quality parameters such as air temperature, water temperature, dissolve oxygen; pH and transparency were measured in every month. The mean water parameters such as air temperature, water temperature, dissolve oxygen; pH and transparency were 30.4±2.30°C, 32.25 ± 2.6°C, 5.7±0.35 mg/l, 7.05 ± 0.39 and 19.9 ± 2.6 cm, respectively in pond. In baor, the mean water parameters such as air temperature, water temperature, dissolve oxygen, pH and transparency were 33.45 ± 1.19°C, 33.15 ± 1.49°C, 5.03 ± 0.15 mg/l, 8.45 ± 0.36 and 24.95 ± 2.6 cm, respectively. A total of 30 phytoplankton species have been found in the study area of which species under four groups; namely Cyanophyta (5), Heterokontophyta (3), Chlorophyta (11), Euglenophyta (2) have been identified and nine species were unidentified. Phytoplankton species distribution was not uniform. Chlorophyta species was most dominant group in both environments. Major four groups of zooplankton identified in study area both pond and baor; namely Cladocera (10%), Copepoda (55%), Ostracoda (3%), Rotifera (15%). In addition Nauplius (2%), Tunicata (4%), Insect larve (5%) fish eggs (6%) were also identified. Copepoda species was most dominant group in both environments. Plankton diversity was highest in June occurred in both environments.
Optimal Salinity, Nitrate and Phosphate Concentrations on Germination and Gro...iosrjce
The effects of salinity, nitrate (N) and phosphate (P) concentrations on the germination of Enhalus
acoroides seeds and growth were studied under laboratory condition. The highest percentage of seed
germination was at 20 ppt salinity for all concentrations of Nand P. However, there was not different (P >0.05) in
the percentage of germinated seed compared with other salinity levels of 25 and 30 ppt at all N and P concentrations. In
regard to the growth rate of seedling was found to be effective to the extension of root and lengths. In present
study, root and leaf lengths of E. acoroides seedling were observed to be significantly declined when the level of
salinity and N and P concentrations increased. Hence, alteration in the major nutrient concentration indicates
the vulnerability of E. acoroides seagrass under culturing laboratory condition, which must be avoidably
approached prior to transplantation into the meadow area for conservative management of seagrass resource.
Similar to Prof John Beardall algal bloom research Gippsland Lakes (20)
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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Prof John Beardall algal bloom research Gippsland Lakes
1. The Algal Ecophysiology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University http://www.biolsci.monash.edu.au/staff/beardall/index.html
2. The overall interests in our laboratory centre on the ecophysiology and biochemistry of algae. Currently we are running projects on the effects of climate change (elevated CO 2 and UV-B radiation) on performance of microalgae, and on interactions between nutrient uptake and photosynthesis in macro- and micro-algae. In addition to work on Nodularia (factors influencing growth, akinete formation and germination) we are also examining the role of environmental factors in controlling the growth and toxicity of Cylindrospermopsis , a toxic cyanobacterium that impacts sub-tropical and tropical freshwater systems. We also have strong links with the Water Studies Centre in the School of Chemistry and will be doing some work related to the Synechococcus bloom in conjunction with Perran Cook and Mike Grace.
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4. Jackie Myers has just completed a PhD project, funded by ARC and DPI, examining factors controlling the onset of blooms and vegetative growth of Nodularia spumiginea in the Gippsland Lakes The lab therefore has a range of skills and expertise to contribute to studies of bloom initiation and their persistence in freshwater, brackish and saline environments. Samal Say is studying factors controlling phytoplankton and benthic microalgal productivity and their role in supporting fisheries in Tonle Sap, Cambodia. We have recently carried out studies on the environmental impacts of mining on the Ok Tedi and Fly Rivers in Papua New Guinea
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8. Clearly the strain of Nodularia from the Gippsland Lakes is tolerant of a range of salinities, though growth is less at extremes. Growth is increased by increasing phosphorus levels in the water, but relatively unaffected by nitrogen as nitrate.
9. Toxin production follows the effect of salinity on growth, with less toxin at very high or very low salinities. Toxicity is stimulated by N, but not by P, levels
10. Blooms of Synechococcus – what do we know? Synechococcus is a genus of cyanobacterium which is distributed widely in the oceans, although there are also some freshwater species. Synechococcus is an important organism across all marine environments, where it can be found at concentrations ranging from 5 x 10 5 to 1.5 x 10 9 cell L -1 , which translates into approximately 7.5 to 12 g chlorophyll a L -1 Blooms dominated by Synechococcus can attain chlorophyll concentrations up to 150 g chlorophyll a L -1 Cultures of some strains have been reported as being capable of producing compounds with neurotoxic and hepatotoxic effects but there is no evidence that the bloom in the Gippsland Lakes is toxic
11. In some studies, Synechococcus has been found as two distinct morphotypes distinguishable by size. In Florida Bay for instance, a size class of larger cells was dominant whenever cyanobacteria reached bloom proportions. This size class was consistently phycocyanin (PC)-rich. Some studies suggest PC-rich strains occur closer to the surface in salinities <20 PSU, and the ratio of PC:PE-rich cells in a population decline at salinities >20PSU. Significant blooms have been described from Pensacola Bay (Florida) from Florida Bay , San Franciso Bay , the Mediterranean Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea.
12. Irradiance should be considered a significant driving force in sustaining Synechococcus blooms. The genus is certainly tolerant of high light In Florida Bay, N 2 fixation has been suggested as a significant factor sustaining blooms of Synechococcus . However, the Gippsland Lakes N:P ratios range from 19:1 to 24:1 (Webster et al 2001) implying that N is not a limiting factor unless there are large inputs of P into the system. The N 2 -fixing capacity of Synechococcus would thus be unlikely to have a significant impact on bloom formation and persistence unless, as is the case with Nodularia blooms, P inputs increased and N became limiting Synechococcus is also found in regions with elevated inorganic nutrients , especially nitrogen and ammonium addition will stimulate growth of Synechococcus in mixed populations . Synechococcus is found in highly eutrophic waters in the Gulf of Naples and is capable of utilizing dissolved organic nitrogen compounds (DON) such as urea Wawrik and Paul (2004) and Wawrik et al (2004) have clearly demonstrated the importance of N inputs from the Mississippi River in stimulating algal (including Synechococcus ) blooms in the Gulf of Mexico. It is likely therefore that high nitrogen (DON and inorganic N) loadings, together with the elevated levels of other nutrients such as P, in the Gippsland Lakes are contributing to the persistence of Synechococcus blooms
13. Temperature is undoubtedly a very important driver of Synechococcus growth. Significant relationships between Synechococcus growth rates and biomass accrual have been reported by a number of authors working on a variety of systems Optimal growth of Synechococcus in the Mediterranean has been reported at ~24 o C with no growth when water temperatures were <11 o C Cyanobacterial abundance (dominated by Synechococcus ) in Penascola Bay, Florida was greatest when water temperatures were 28-30 o C Data of Jonathan Smith provide good evidence that there is a strong relationship, in the Gippsland Lakes, between cyanobacterial biovolume and temperature, with lower cyanobacterial numbers as temperatures drop below ~20 o C.
14. Salinity can be a contributing factor to growth of Synechococcus . In Penascola Bay in Florida, the proportion of phycocyanin-rich to phycoerythrin-rich strains of Synechococcus decreased dramatically from ~ 20 PSU to 28 PSU, i.e. PC-rich cells were an order or magnitude higher in abundance in the upper, lower salinity, part of this estuary. But there was a decline in picoplankton populations at low (< 5 PSU) salinities compared with higher salinity stations in the Ebro River estuary (Spain). Given the salinity gradients that exist in the Gippsland Lakes, salinity may be one of the drivers behind the genesis and persistence of Synechococcus blooms. However, as discussed above, such effects may well be secondary to those of temperature. There is evidence that cyanobacterial blooms in the Gippsland Lakes show a strong positive correlation with temperature but high temperatures will not necessarily lead to elevated Synechococcus numbers if the salinity is low .
15. Grazing Synechococcus populations frequently show high growth rates in nature. However, extensive blooms are not always found and it is believed that grazing exerts a strong influence on population size. Bloom formation has thus been suggested to occur when top-down control from grazers breaks down. The Future…… Synechococcus is a much smaller organisms than Nodularia . It therefore stays suspended in the water column and does not readily sink out. This may be one reason for the persistence of the bloom.
16. The overseas experience is that blooms of Synechococcus will persist. However, nutrient levels in the Lakes are not as high this year as last, suggesting that a bloom, if it occurs, might be smaller However, a summer flush of nutrient laden freshwater would a) reduce the salinity and b) bring in extra nutrients --- these are ideal conditions for Nodularia blooms, which could be seeded from resting cells in sediments