Production and Operations Management Introduction
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Production and Operations Management Introduction
- 3. PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS FINISHED PRODUCTS PROCESS PRODUCT PRODUCE
- 4. 4 BREAD PRODUCTION FLOUR EGGS SUGAR BAKING SODA WATER BAKING PROCESS BREAD
- 7. 7 RAW MATERIALS •Raw materials are the inputs or resources that a company uses to manufacture its finished products. DIRECT MATERIALS INDIRECT MATERIALS
- 8. PROCESS 8
- 9. 9 UNIT OR JOBTYPE PRODUCTION •This type of production is most commonly observed when you produce one single unit of a product.
- 10. 10 BATCHTYPE OF PRODUCTION •Batch production takes place in batches. The manufacturer already knows the number of units he needs to a manufacturer and they are manufactured in one batch.
- 11. 11 MASS PRODUCTION • Mass production refers to the production of a large number of similar products efficiently.
- 12. 12 CONTINUOUS PRODUCTIONOR PROCESS PRODUCTION •In continuous production, most of the work is done by machines rather than humans. In this type of production, the production is continuous,24×7 hours, all days in a year.
- 14. 14 MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS •Include the logical groupings of equipment and workers in the factory.
- 15. •A worker performing one or more tasks without the aid of powered tools, but sometimes using hand tools. 15 MANUALWORK SYSTEMS
- 16. •A worker operating powered equipment. 16 WORKER-MACHINE SYSTEMS
- 17. •A process performed by a machine without direct participation of a human. 17 AUTOMATED SYSTEMS
- 19. FACILITY LAYOUT OTHER INDUSTRIAL FACILITIESEQUIPMENTMACHINERY ARRANGEMENT
- 21. Product Layout •Arrangement of machines in one line depending on the sequence of operations.
- 22. Fixed Position Layout •Movement of men and machines to the product.
- 23. Service Facility Layout •Services oriented industries like banks, hospitals, etc.
- 24. Process Layout •Functional layout /job lot manufacture or batch production layout. •Involves grouping of like machines in one department
- 25. PROCESS DESIGN
- 26. Make-to-Stock Strategy •In the make-to-stock environment, goods are produced before the customers place orders. INGRE DIENTS MAKE DOUGH PREPARE CRUST ASSEMBLE PIZZA BAKE INVENTORY DELIVERY CUSTOMER ORDER
- 30. Idea Generation •Systematic search for new product ideas. •Sources: •Internal •External
- 31. Idea Screening •Process to spot good ideas and drop poor ones.
- 32. Concept development and testing PRODUCT IDEA PRODUCT CONCEPT PRODUCT IMAGE
- 33. CONCEPTTESTING •Refers to new-product concepts with group of target customers.
- 34. Marketing Strategy Development •Refers to initial marketing strategy for introducing the product to the market.
- 35. Business Analysis Review of Product Sales, Costs, and Profits Projections to See if They Meet Company Objectives If Yes, Move to Product Development If No, Eliminate Product Concept BusinessAnalysis
- 36. Product Development •This is when a prototype or a limited production model will be created.
- 37. Test Marketing •Test marketing is a tool used by the companies to check the viability of their new product or a marketing campaign before it is being launched in the market .
- 38. Commercialization •It is the introduction of the product. • When to launch • Where to launch • Planned market rollout
Editor's Notes
- IN THIS TYPE OF LAYOUT, EQUIPMENTS, TOOLS AND MACHINES ARE LOCATED ACCORDING TO HOW A PRODUCT IS MADE. ALSO KNOWN AS ASSEMBLY LINE. PRODUCTS ARE PASSED DOWN THE LINE FROM STATION TO STATION AS THEY ARE BEING MADE.
- As the name implies the product stays stationary and, as required, it is the machines, workers and materials that keep on changing position.
- Layout is the way or arrangement in which service facility is organized. The arrangement could be ofservice facility area, equipment, workstations or any physical entity.
- The first layout to look at is the process layout. In this layout, similar items are grouped together. This type of layout is commonly seen in auto shops and department stores. Looking into an auto shop, you might see that screwdrivers are located in one location, while the car parts are located in a different location. In a department store, you will probably see the women's clothes in one area, the men's clothes in another area, and the toys in yet another area. This type of layout is ideal for facilities that perform custom jobs. Auto shops, for example, are usually asked to perform a different job with each customer. Department stores serve many people at a time, each with a different need.