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Probiotics

This document discusses probiotics, which are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. It defines probiotics, explores their history and modes of action. Key points covered include who benefits from probiotics, examples of probiotic foods in India, and advantages like balancing gut bacteria and boosting immunity. Potential disadvantages like gas and increased infection risk are also noted. The document concludes with references on the topic of probiotics and their uses.

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KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY Sahyadri Science College, Shivamogga Department of Biotechnology Seminar Topic : Probiotics Guide: Submitted By: Dr. Pradeep K Praveen.S Assistant Professor, I MSc, I Semester Dept of Biotechnology Sahyadri Science college Sahyadri Science college Shivamogga Shivamogga
CONTENTS  Inroduction  History of probiotics  What are probiotics?  Who needs probiotics?  How probiotics work?  Mode of action of probiotics  Characteristics of probiotics  Probiotics in Indian foods  Advantages of probiotics  Disadvantages of probiotics  Conclusion  Reference
INTRODUCTION  The world health organisation defines probiotics as live microorganism, which administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on a host  The term probiotics is derived from the Latin word “pro” which means “for” and the Greek letter “bios” means “life” thus probiotics are life-promoting.  The most common types of these beneficial bacteria are Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria
HISTORY OF PROBIOTICS  In 1907, Russian Noble prize winner, ELIE METCHINKOFF first introduced concept probiotics  In 1930s in Japan, MINORU SHIROTA developed YAKULT (Yakuruto)  Probiotic term coined by LILLY & STILLWELL in 1965
WHAT ARE PROBIOTICS ?  Probiotics – Microorganisms that have a beneficial effect on the host intestinal microbial balance  Probiotics organisms are live microorganisms which provides health benefits when consumed.  They are usually consumed as supplements or yoghurts and are also reffered to as “good bacteria”.  According to the currently adopted definition by WHO, probiotics are “Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”
WHO NEEDS PROBIOTICS ?  People with weak immune systems, frequent respiratory infections and congestion.  People who suffer from yeast infections of any kind, including athlete’s foot, jock itch, vaginal yeast infections and nail fungus  People with food or respiratory allergies.  People suffering from inflammatory bowel disorders, constipation or intestinal infections.  People suffering from diarrhea, especially in childrens.
HOW PROBIOTICS WORK ?
MODE OF ACTION OF PROBIOTICS
MODE OF ACTION OF PROBIOTICS  Enhancement of the Epithelial Barrier  Increased Adhesion to Intestinal Mucosa  Inhibition of pathogen adhesion  Competitive exclusion of pathogenic microorganisms  Production of anti-microorganism substances  Modulation of the immune system
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROBIOTICS Probiotic microorganisms are:  Able to survive the passage through the digestive system  Able to attach to the intestinal epithelia and colonize  Able to maintain good viability  Able to utilize the nutrients and substrates in a normal diet  Non-pathogenic and non-toxic  Capable of exerting a beneficial effect on the host  It must be resistance to hydrochloric acid, bile and pancreatic juice
Contd…  It should have anti-carcinogenic activity  It should produce lactic acid  It should retain viability during storage and use  It should stimulate the immune system of the body  It should have the ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract
PROBIOTICS IN INDIAN FOODS In Indian society, it became common place (and still is) to enjoy a before-dinner yogurt drink called a lassi. These Indian traditions were based on the principle of using milk as probiotic delivery system to the body
ADVANTAGES  Probiotics helps in balancing friendly bacteria in digestive system  Probiotics can help prevent and treat diarrhea  Probiotics supplements improve some mental health conditions  Probiotics may reduce the severity of certain allergies  Probiotics helps in boosting immune system  Probiotics helps treatment or prevention of vaginal infections
DISADVANTAGES  Taking them in larger amounts might produce digestive issues, such as gas and bloating  Amines in probiotic foods may trigger headaches  Some strains can increase Histamine levels  They can increase infection risk  Discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract  Excess amount of probiotics may cause allergies
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES  Fuller R (May 1989), “Probiotics in man and animals” The journal of Applied Bacteriology 66(5):365-78  Alvarez-olmos MI, Oberhelman RA; Oberhelman (2001). “Probiotics agents and infectious diseases: a modern perspective on a traditional therapy”. Clin.infect.Dis 32(11):1567-76  Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 20 (1367-1377): 1367-1377  http://www.usprobiotics.org  http://www.isapp.net
Probiotics