1. The document discusses the formation and actions of the Free Officers movement in Egypt after World War 2. Led by Gamal Abd al Nasser, the Free Officers movement was a group of junior military officers who launched a coup to end the corruption and ineptitude of Egypt's social elite.
2. The Free Officers worked to weaken the power and influence of the social elite, who were largely large landowners that dominated parliament. They transferred power from the monarchy to the military and established Egypt as a republic.
3. The movement nationalized the Suez Canal after Britain and France withdrew financial support, a move that increased Nasser's popularity and influence both domestically and across the Arab world.