this is a short slide describing the up gradation of Othupalli system to Madrasa system in kerala.

1. Primary religious edu
ഓത്തുപള്ളി മുതൽ മദ്രസ
വരെ

2. Kerala Muslims primary religious edu was
mainly through two systems
1.Othupalli
2. Madrasa

3. Othupalli
 Etymology: from othu (ഓത്ത്) mean reading, repeating and studying
And palli (പള്ളി ) means religious centers of Budha and Jaina
later to Christian and Muslims.
History: no reliable evidence about the starting. We can say it started with Arabs in
7th century
Teachers called as Mollaka, Mallami, othikkan/+kakka, mama, labba etc.
Musliyar was the teacher in big colleges or Dars

4. Types of Othupalli
 1. adjesent to masjid’s building
 2. Building near the masjid
 3.In a different building
There was home tuition system also for special students
Salary
There was no fixed salary for teachers except
1. “Guru dakshina". It means the payment for the study which disciple have to pay
to the Ustad.
2.Vyazhycha puthan
3. Jusinte velli
4. kayyezhutu

5. Admission
starts from first week of the Muharram. Student will give sweets for it (ചീെണി).
Generally in the age of six.
Syllabus
There was no unification in syllabus. It may vary according to Ustads taste and
interests.
Generally basics of Aqeeda, jurisprudence and hygiene matters.
Pathukitab in some and Niskarakkanakku in many
Pedagogy
Repeating some letters (Arabic)in order to practice the tongue.
Byhearting the letters by singing letter sing
Differentiate between spotted letters and not spotted letters
Studying vovels and Tanween
Vayichothu Qranothu

6. In general
 Almost of othupalli were with single ustad.
 Teaching may vary to every student according to his talent.
 no exams or class system.
 Corparel punishments were main negative point of Othupalli
 No attention on writing skill development.
 No material education.
Decline
Main causes
1. Government intervention towards the material education.
2. Common interest of people for change.
3. Starting of Madrasa system

7. Other causes
Gov. intruge to decline the spirit of Mappila
In 1871 and 1894 Gov grant for renovation of othupalli system. This was the first
step to bring it to Gov. control.
After 1921 government bill on compulsory secular education in Othupalli
It changed to Mappila schools.
1926 special officer
1947 religious education banned by Rajagoplachari
Madrasa system introduced.
Economic changes by Gulf money.

8. Madrasa system
 Even Chalilakathu kunjappu haji and Pangil ahmed kutty (qsa) work a lot for
renaissance it was not successful in total .
 In 1945 Abdurahman bafaqi tangal (qsa) introduced this in samasta 16th
anniversary,karyavattom.
 1951 SKIMVB formed.
 Same year a meeting in Valakkulam meeting concluded on unification of Madresas,
establish new with organizers and making text books.
Curriculam
Admission in 5th age
1st year teaching letters writing and reading
Within 10th standard one can do religious practices of daily life.
Timing is very good in order to get school edu.
Using school system
Declaining?

9. Midlajch al-Hudawi
APU-Bangalore