1. In India, teachers (gurus) have traditionally been held in high esteem and seen as instrumental in guiding students to knowledge and enlightenment. 2. Ancient Indian civilization was home to many renowned centers of learning including Takshila, Nalanda, and Odantapuri universities which taught subjects like medicine, mathematics, and astronomy. 3. Over time, the Indian education system has evolved with establishment of institutions like IITs and IIMs that are globally renowned while also aiming to promote values of secularism, democracy, and scientific temper.

2. By-
Samruddhi Sachin Chepe
Ashoka International Centre for Educational
Studies and Research, Nashik.

5. •In India the Guru or the
teacher is held in high
esteem.
•Indeed, there is an
understanding that if the
devotee were presented
with the guru and God, first
he would pay respect to
the guru, since the guru
had been instrumental in
leading him to God.

6. In compiling the vedic mantras, VED
VYASA edited them into four books, the
Rig-Veda, the Yajur-Veda, the Sama-
Veda, and the Atharva-Veda.

7. The Vedas are a large body of
texts originating in ancient India.
Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the
texts constitutes the oldest layer
of Sanskrit literature and the
oldest scriptures of Hinduism.
•Scholars have determined that the
Rig Veda, the oldest of the four
Vedas, was composed about 1500
B.C.

11. Gurukul was a type of school in India, residential in
nature, with pupils living in proximity to the guru.
In a gurukul, students resided together as equals,
irrespective of their social standing, learnt from the guru
and helped the guru in his day-to-day life.
At the end of his studies, the pupil offered dakshina (fees)
to the guru. The gurudakshina is a traditional gesture of
acknowledgment, respect and thanks.

14. Nālandā is the name of an ancient university in Bihar, India
and was a Buddhist center of learning from 427 CE to 1197
CE. It has been called "one of the first great universities in
recorded history.

15. There were universities like Taxila,
Ujjain, Kanchi etc. for medicine and
learning including mathematics and
astronomy.

18. Education of Indians had become a
topic of interest among East
India Company officials. The
policy’s goal was
• to advance knowledge of Indians
and
• to employ that knowledge in the
East India Company

20. •Since English was increasingly being employed
as the language of instruction, during 1852–
1853 petitions were sent to the British
Parliament in support of both establishing and
adequately funding university education in
India which resulted in the Education
Dispatch of July 1854 which helped in shaping
the education system of India.

22. • Established a Department of Public Instruction in each
province of British India.
• Established teacher-training schools for all levels of instruction.
• Increased the number of Government colleges ,vernacular
schools and high-schools .
• The Department of Public Instruction was in place by 1855. By
1857 a number of universities were established modeled on the
University of London.
Educational reforms in the early 20th century
led towards the nationalisation of many universities.

24. GRANT MEDICAL
COLLEGE,1844

28. • Rabindranath started an open-air
school known as the Patha Bhavan at
Shantiniketan that gradually developed
into an international university named
Visva Bharati where the cultures of the
East and the West met in common
fellowship and thereby strengthening
the fundamental condition of world
peace.

29. PATHA BHAVAN,
the school of his
ideals, whose central
premise was that
learning in a natural
environment would be
more enjoyable and
fruitful.

30. •The main attractions of Shantiniketan
include the various buildings of the Visva-
Bharati campus.
Chinese faculty,College of Arts and Crafts,
Patha Bhavan (the school), School of
Dance and Music and the prayer hall.

31. • Some of the famous students
of Visva-Bharati include
India's former Prime Mister
the Ms Indira Gandhi ,world
famous film
director Mr.Satyajit Ray and
Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen.

33. •Following independence in 1947,
MAULANA AZAD, India's first
education minister recommended
strong central government control over
education throughout the country,
with a uniform educational system.

35. The Indian government lays great
emphasis to primary education up to
the age of fourteen years (referred to
as Elementary Education in India.)
The Indian government has also
banned child labour in order to
ensure that the children do not enter
unsafe working conditions.

36. Education has also been made free for
children for six to 16 years of age.
The District Primary Education Programme
(DPEP) was launched in 1994 with an aim to
universalize primary education in India by
reforming and vitalizing the existing primary
education system

37. • The Mid-day Meal Scheme
is the popular name for
school meal programme in
India. It involves provision
of lunch free of cost to
school-children on all
working days with an
objective to:
• increase school enrolment
and attendance, improve
socialisation among children
belonging to all castes and

38. The current scheme for universalization
of Education for All is the SARVA
SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is one of
the largest education initiatives in the
world.

40. RIGHT TO EDUCATION
Every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has
the right to free and compulsory education. The
government schools shall provide free education to
all the children. Private schools shall admit at
least 25% of the children in their schools without
any fee.

43. 2.1
In our national perception, Education
2.2
refines sensitivities and perceptions that contribute
to national cohesion, a scientific temper and
independence of mind and spirit - thus furthering
the goals of socialism, secularism and democracy
enshrined in our Constitution.
2.3
2.4

46. . The government is committed to providing
education through mainstream schools for
children with disabilities.
The need for inclusive education arises
precisely because it is now well understood
that most children with disabilities can,
with motivation and effort on the part of
teaching institutions, become an integral
part of those institutions

48. There is a common educational
structure(10+2+3) followed all
over the country.

49. School education
10+2
Pre primary (FOR 1 YEAR)
Primary (GRADE 1-5)
Middle (GRADE 6-8)
Secondary (GRADE 9-10)
Senior Secondary (GRADE11-12)

50. Significant feature of India's secondary
school system is the emphasis on inclusion
of the disadvantaged sections of the
society.
Another feature of India's secondary
school system is its emphasis on
profession based vocational training to
help students attain skills for finding a
vocation of his/her choosing.

52. The Secondary education is supported by the
following organisations under the administrative
control of the Union Department of Education:
Some of the institutes are:-
•National Council of Educational
Research and Training (NCERT)
•Central Board of Secondary
Education (CBSE)
•National Institute of Open
Schooling (NIOS)

53. The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, has
provided for environment awareness, science and
technology education, and introduction of traditional
elements such as yoga into the Indian secondary school
system

54. The CBSE was set up by a special resolution of
the Government of India in 1929 at
Ajmer with a view to play a useful role in the
field of Secondary Education and to raise its
standard.

55. . The Main functions of the board are: to
conduct Class X and XII examinations and
grant certificates, to prescribe courses of
instructions, prescribe conditions for
examinations, and to affiliate institutions for
the purpose of examinations. The CBSE
also conducts all India entrance
examinations at the under graduate level
for pre-medical/pre-dental, engineering and
architecture courses.

56. The CBSE has constantly been
engaged in process of curriculum
design, in-service teacher
empowerment programmes and
development of textual material.

57. CBSE has introduced
CONTINUOUS AND COMPREHENSIVE
EVALUATION (CCE) at the secondary
level.
The scheme of CCE discourages mechanical testing. It
envisages employment of variety of tools and techniques
for assessment in informal and formal settings which are
more interesting, relevant and meaningful and involve
learners for greater participation and learning.

58. It is a system of school based assessment that
covers all aspects of student’s development. It
emphasizes two fold objectives. Continuity in
evaluation and assessment of broad based
learning. CCE will cover the scholastic and co
scholastic areas of school education.

59. The NCERT was established in 1961. It functions as
a resource centre in the field of school education and
teacher education. Publication of school textbooks
and other educational material like teachers’
guides/manuals etc. are its major functions.
NCERT is an autonomous body fully funded
by the Ministry of Human Resource and
Development (MHRD)
It aims at making environmental education an integral
part of curriculum in school education.

63. Creating a country
imbued with a scientific
culture was Jawaharlal
Nehru's aim. One such
initiative was the All-
India Institute of
Medical Sciences as an
institution of national
importance by an Act of
Parliament and has set
the pace for medical
education and research in
Southeast Asia .

66. Some institutions of India, such as the
Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs),
have been globally acclaimed for their
standard of education. The IITs enroll
about 8000 students annually and the
alumni have contributed to both the
growth of the private sector and the
public sectors of India.

67. Higher education in India has evolved in
divergent streams with each stream
monitored by an apex body(UNIVERSITY
GRANTS COMMISION- organisation set up by Union
government in 1956, for the coordination, determination and
maintenance of standards of university education )indirectly
controlled by the Ministry of Human
Resource Development. Most universities are
administered by the States, but there are 18
important universities called Central
Universities, which are maintained by the
Union Government.

69. The National Law School of India University is
highly regarded, with its students being
awarded Rhodes Scholarships to Oxford
University, and the All India Institute of Medical
Sciences is consistently rated the top medical
school in the country . Indian Institutes of
Management (IIMs) are the top management
institutes in India .

73. Delhi Chief Minister Ms.Sheila
Dikshit launched the ‘Ladli’.
Under the scheme, the state
government intends to deposit
Rs.100,000 in the account of
every girl child (belonging to a
particular income group) by the
time she attains the age of 18.
As per the scheme, the
government will deposit
Rs.10,000 in the name of a girl
child at the time of her birth
and Rs.5,000 each at the time
of admission to Class I, VI, IX,
X and XII to encourage her
education.

75. •Vocational education is
imparted through
Industrial Training
Institutes (ITIs) and
polytechnics.

76. •India which has always
been a centre for the
textile and garment trade.
Now the fashion industry
has become so specialized
that it encompasses a vast
field of studies in design,
concept management,
design production
management, quality
control, planning, fabric
design, printing, fashion
accessory design, fashion
merchandising, textile
science, colour mixing,
marketing and so on.

77. National Institute of Fashion Technology was
set up in 1986 under the aegis of the Ministry
of Textiles, Government of India. It has
emerged as the premier Institute of Design,
Management and Technology, developing
professionals for taking up leadership positions
in fashion business in the emerging global
scenario.

84. MATHS LABS ARE A PART OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE ALONG WITH
PHYSICS,CHEMISTRY,BIOLOGY,PSYCHOLOGY,HOME SCIENCE AND
COMPUTERS.

85. THEATRE,SINGING,DANCING,POETRY WRITING AND RECITATION
ARE A FEW CO CURRICUAR ACTIVITIES WHICH ENHANCE THE
PERSONALITY OF THE LEARNERS.

88. VARIOUS CLUBS AND SOCIETIES IN SCHOOL ENGAGE THE STUDENTS IN
SOCIAL SERVICE, TREE PLANTATION ,CLEANING OF NEIGHBOURHOOD
AND SPREADING AWARENESS REGARDING VARIOUS ISSUES.

90. The online projects encourage our students to collaborate ,cooperate and communicate
with the students all over the world. This use of cyber space has led to the globalisation
of education.

92. We give them roots, we give them wings
And great joys from, little things,
A hope that they will soar ,
A hope that they will try,
We are sure that one day ,
Our children will learn to fly.