prevention and control of occupational diseasesPreetika Maurya
This document discusses the prevention and control of occupational diseases. It describes various diseases caused by physical, chemical, and biological agents in the workplace. It emphasizes the importance of pre-placement exams, periodic exams, and health services to monitor workers' health. Engineering controls like ventilation, enclosure, isolation, and protective devices can help reduce exposure to hazards. Both medical and engineering approaches are needed to prevent occupational diseases.
This document provides an overview of occupational health and occupational hazards. It discusses the historical background of occupational health and defines it. It then covers various occupational hazards including physical hazards like heat, cold, noise, vibration; chemical hazards like dusts and gases; biological hazards; and mechanical hazards. It provides examples of different occupational diseases like silicosis, byssinosis, and asbestosis caused by exposure to dusts and chemicals in the workplace. The document emphasizes the need for preventive measures and control of occupational diseases and hazards.
This document summarizes various occupational health hazards. It discusses five main types of hazards: physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial. Physical hazards include heat, cold, light, noise, vibration, ultraviolet radiation, and ionizing radiation. Chemical hazards include dusts, gases, and metals that can be inhaled or cause skin reactions. Biological hazards refer to infectious agents encountered in healthcare or agriculture. Mechanical hazards involve moving machinery parts. Psychosocial hazards arise from psychological stress at work and can cause psychological or psychosomatic health effects. The document provides examples of diseases associated with different occupational hazards.
Prevention & control of occupational diseasesdrahmadflash
The document discusses measures to prevent and control occupational diseases. It describes three levels of prevention:
1) Primary prevention aims to avoid disease through controlling hazards, substituting dangerous materials, and using engineering controls and personal protective equipment.
2) Secondary prevention focuses on early detection through medical screening and monitoring to identify issues before symptoms arise.
3) Tertiary prevention treats existing diseases to limit disability and complications through rehabilitation. Engineering controls, safe work practices, hygiene measures, and periodic medical exams are emphasized as key prevention strategies.
Occupational diseases are caused by exposures in the workplace. They include diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, skin, and others. Occupational diseases are diagnosed through occupational history, physical exam, tests, and identifying exposures. Prevention strategies include controlling hazards, substituting less hazardous materials, engineering controls, personal protective equipment, screening workers, and medical management of diseases. The goals are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention to avoid, identify early, and minimize the impacts of occupational diseases.
This document discusses occupational hazards and their health effects. It begins with defining occupational health and providing historical context. It then covers various physical, biological, chemical, and psychosocial hazards workers may face. Specific hazards discussed in detail include silicosis from silica dust, asbestosis from asbestos, anthracosis from coal dust, byssinosis from cotton dust, and lead poisoning. The importance of prevention through controls like substitution, enclosure, and examinations is emphasized. Overall the document aims to make students aware of occupational health risks to help with career choices.
Occupational diseases are chronic ailments that occur as a result of work or occupational activity. They can develop instantly upon exposure to hazards like gases, or gradually over weeks, months, or decades from exposures like heavy metals or carcinogens. Globally, there are millions of occupational disease cases and deaths annually, costing countries 2-14% of GDP. Occupational diseases are classified into categories like those from physical, chemical, or biological agents. Examples of specific occupational diseases discussed are pneumoconiosis like black lung from inhaling dusts, occupational dermatitis from skin exposures, and hand-arm vibration syndrome from using vibrating tools. Prevention strategies include engineering controls, protective equipment, health monitoring, and legislation.
Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice, which is closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know. To be effective, surveillance must be directly linked to preventive action.
In the case of occupational health, the actions prompted by the surveillance system should be directed not only at the individual case or the affected group, but also at the responsible workplace factors.
Surveillance programs (i.e., 2ry prevention) should be designed to support programs intended to control workplace hazards (i.e., 1ry prevention).
In OSH, surveillance programs should:
• Identify cases of occupational illness or injury; and/or
• Monitor trends of occupational illness or injury.
prevention and control of occupational diseasesPreetika Maurya
This document discusses the prevention and control of occupational diseases. It describes various diseases caused by physical, chemical, and biological agents in the workplace. It emphasizes the importance of pre-placement exams, periodic exams, and health services to monitor workers' health. Engineering controls like ventilation, enclosure, isolation, and protective devices can help reduce exposure to hazards. Both medical and engineering approaches are needed to prevent occupational diseases.
This document provides an overview of occupational health and occupational hazards. It discusses the historical background of occupational health and defines it. It then covers various occupational hazards including physical hazards like heat, cold, noise, vibration; chemical hazards like dusts and gases; biological hazards; and mechanical hazards. It provides examples of different occupational diseases like silicosis, byssinosis, and asbestosis caused by exposure to dusts and chemicals in the workplace. The document emphasizes the need for preventive measures and control of occupational diseases and hazards.
This document summarizes various occupational health hazards. It discusses five main types of hazards: physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial. Physical hazards include heat, cold, light, noise, vibration, ultraviolet radiation, and ionizing radiation. Chemical hazards include dusts, gases, and metals that can be inhaled or cause skin reactions. Biological hazards refer to infectious agents encountered in healthcare or agriculture. Mechanical hazards involve moving machinery parts. Psychosocial hazards arise from psychological stress at work and can cause psychological or psychosomatic health effects. The document provides examples of diseases associated with different occupational hazards.
Prevention & control of occupational diseasesdrahmadflash
The document discusses measures to prevent and control occupational diseases. It describes three levels of prevention:
1) Primary prevention aims to avoid disease through controlling hazards, substituting dangerous materials, and using engineering controls and personal protective equipment.
2) Secondary prevention focuses on early detection through medical screening and monitoring to identify issues before symptoms arise.
3) Tertiary prevention treats existing diseases to limit disability and complications through rehabilitation. Engineering controls, safe work practices, hygiene measures, and periodic medical exams are emphasized as key prevention strategies.
Occupational diseases are caused by exposures in the workplace. They include diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, skin, and others. Occupational diseases are diagnosed through occupational history, physical exam, tests, and identifying exposures. Prevention strategies include controlling hazards, substituting less hazardous materials, engineering controls, personal protective equipment, screening workers, and medical management of diseases. The goals are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention to avoid, identify early, and minimize the impacts of occupational diseases.
This document discusses occupational hazards and their health effects. It begins with defining occupational health and providing historical context. It then covers various physical, biological, chemical, and psychosocial hazards workers may face. Specific hazards discussed in detail include silicosis from silica dust, asbestosis from asbestos, anthracosis from coal dust, byssinosis from cotton dust, and lead poisoning. The importance of prevention through controls like substitution, enclosure, and examinations is emphasized. Overall the document aims to make students aware of occupational health risks to help with career choices.
Occupational diseases are chronic ailments that occur as a result of work or occupational activity. They can develop instantly upon exposure to hazards like gases, or gradually over weeks, months, or decades from exposures like heavy metals or carcinogens. Globally, there are millions of occupational disease cases and deaths annually, costing countries 2-14% of GDP. Occupational diseases are classified into categories like those from physical, chemical, or biological agents. Examples of specific occupational diseases discussed are pneumoconiosis like black lung from inhaling dusts, occupational dermatitis from skin exposures, and hand-arm vibration syndrome from using vibrating tools. Prevention strategies include engineering controls, protective equipment, health monitoring, and legislation.
Surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice, which is closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know. To be effective, surveillance must be directly linked to preventive action.
In the case of occupational health, the actions prompted by the surveillance system should be directed not only at the individual case or the affected group, but also at the responsible workplace factors.
Surveillance programs (i.e., 2ry prevention) should be designed to support programs intended to control workplace hazards (i.e., 1ry prevention).
In OSH, surveillance programs should:
• Identify cases of occupational illness or injury; and/or
• Monitor trends of occupational illness or injury.
This presentation introduces industrial hygiene, which involves recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards such as exposure to chemicals, noise, heat, and vibration. It was presented by three students and discusses the key aspects of industrial hygiene including the OSHAct of 1970, common environmental hazards, the OSHA hierarchy of controls, types of exposures and air contaminants, and the importance of protection and hygiene surveys. The benefits of industrial hygiene are highlighted as keeping known hazards under control, establishing standards, preventing accidents, and increasing worker morale and production while decreasing costs.
Occupational health aims to promote and maintain workers' physical, mental, and social well-being. It involves addressing industrial hygiene, diseases, accidents, hazards, and rehabilitation. Components include preventing departure from health due to work conditions; protecting workers from health risks; and adapting the work environment and workers to their jobs. Key occupational hazards are physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial factors that can negatively impact health. The Factories Act and Employees' State Insurance Act are two important laws governing occupational health in India by establishing standards for facilities, hours, leave, diseases, and benefits like sickness payments and medical care.
Occupational diseases are diseases that are caused or aggravated by the work or work environment. Some key points:
- Occupational diseases can have varying time frames between exposure and symptoms, from immediate to decades later.
- Major causes of occupational diseases include physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. Common examples are respiratory diseases from dusts or fumes, musculoskeletal disorders, and work-related stress.
- Prevention of occupational diseases involves controlling exposures through substitution of hazardous materials, engineering controls, administrative controls, personal protective equipment, and health monitoring programs. The goal is primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
• History of Occupational Diseases (O.D) Listing
• Definition of O.D and Work-Related Diseases (WRD)
• Criteria for identification of O.D
• International List of O.D
• Prescribed Occupational Diseases
15 introduction to occupational health & safety-file 1Kapil Chhabra
Prof. M.S.S. Varadan gave a presentation on occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety aims to promote workers' physical, mental, and social well-being by preventing health issues caused by working conditions and protecting workers from risks. Common workplace hazards include dusts, gases, noise, vibration, and extreme temperatures. A good occupational health and safety program identifies hazards, monitors worker exposure, informs workers and employers of risks, has an active health and safety committee, and conducts ongoing safety efforts.
Here are two potential health hazards and their harmful effects:
1. Physical hazard - Noise from power tools used in the workshop. Route of entry is hearing. Harmful effect is noise-induced hearing loss over prolonged exposure.
2. Chemical hazard - Solvents and thinners used for painting and cleaning. Route of entry is inhalation and skin absorption. Harmful effects include headaches, dizziness, skin and eye irritation upon acute exposure, and possible cancer with chronic exposure.
This document discusses occupational health and related topics. It covers health promotion of workers, prevention of occupational diseases, roles of occupational health nurses, administration of occupational health services, and international organizations. Some key points include recommendations by ILO/WHO on worker nutrition, disease control, and mental health. It also outlines legislation in countries like prevention of child labor and maternity benefits.
This document provides an introduction to occupational safety and health. It discusses how occupational health draws from multiple disciplines to protect worker health. It outlines common workplace safety hazards and resulting injuries or diseases. Finally, it describes key concepts in occupational safety including industrial hygiene, ergonomics, risk assessment, and risk management.
This document discusses different types of occupational hazards that workers may be exposed to, including physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial hazards. Some key physical hazards mentioned are heat, cold, light, noise, vibration, and radiation. Chemical hazards can enter the body through local skin contact, inhalation of dusts, gases or metal compounds, or ingestion. Biological hazards come from infectious agents. Mechanical hazards stem from injuries from machinery. Psychosocial hazards relate to stress, relationships, and mental health issues from an unfamiliar work environment. Overall the document provides a detailed classification and explanation of various occupational health risks.
This document defines key terms and concepts related to occupational health and safety. It discusses occupational health as promoting worker health through prevention, protection, and rehabilitation. Ergonomics is defined as adapting work to humans. Common occupational hazards include physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial factors. Diseases and injuries can result from exposures to these hazards. The document emphasizes applying principles of prevention, health monitoring, and education to promote occupational safety and health.
The health belief model is a social psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services.
This document discusses occupational health hazards and pulmonary diseases. It defines key terms like occupational health, hazards, and diseases. It describes various occupational hazards including physical (heat, cold, light, radiation, noise, vibration), chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. It provides examples of specific diseases caused by these hazards like silicosis from silica dust, byssinosis from cotton dust, and occupational asthma. The document also discusses preventive measures for various occupational health hazards and the goals of occupational health in promoting worker well-being and preventing occupational diseases.
This document provides historical context on occupational health and discusses key figures and concepts. It summarizes that Bernardino Ramazzini in 1700 published the first study linking environmental hazards to specific occupations and diseases. In 1775, Sir Percivall Pott associated cancer with occupational exposure from chimney sweeping. Occupational health refers to risks and safety for work outside the home. Occupational diseases are directly caused by a person's occupation. The document outlines various occupational hazards like physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial factors and diseases they can cause. It also discusses prevention of occupational diseases through various medical and environmental measures.
Power point environmental and occupational healthLori Mungovan
Here are a few possible reasons why the government has not banned BPA more quickly:
1. Chemical companies that produce and use BPA in plastics manufacturing exert significant lobbying influence. Banning chemicals could hurt their profits.
2. The effects of low-dose exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals like BPA are complex and long-term. It's difficult to definitively prove health impacts, which gives chemical companies arguments against regulation.
3. Government agencies tend to be more conservative in banning chemicals already in wide use. They prefer to see overwhelming scientific consensus first before taking drastic regulatory action.
4. Alternatives to BPA must be developed, tested and brought to market. Transitioning entire industries to new
Occupational health refers to the health and safety risks faced by workers. Workplaces can expose employees to various hazards like physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. Physical hazards include noise, vibration, radiation, which can cause diseases like deafness, arthritis, cancer. Chemical hazards like gases, metals, dusts from substances like asbestos, silica can lead to conditions like poisoning, asbestosis, silicosis. Prolonged exposure to these workplace hazards can seriously impact worker health. The goal of occupational health is to promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers.
This document discusses various measures for preventing occupational diseases. It covers medical measures like pre-placement examinations and periodic health checks. It also discusses engineering controls such as machine enclosure, ventilation and substitution of hazardous materials. Legislative measures that regulate occupational health and safety are mentioned, including the Factories Act. The roles and responsibilities of employers and employees to ensure workplace safety are also outlined.
Occupational hazards, occupational health
Occupational safety and health should not be sidelined as a service delivery issue. Health worker health and well-being is an important aspect of workers’ motivation and job satisfaction, which influence productivity as well as retention. Health worker safety also affects the quality of care; caring for the caregiver should be a priority area of concern for the health system’s performance.
This document provides guidance on controlling chemical exposure in the workplace. It discusses controlling exposure at the source of the chemicals, along the path of exposure, and at the worker. The most effective controls are at the source, including substitution, mechanizing processes, and isolating/enclosing processes. Controls along the path include local exhaust ventilation, general ventilation, and housekeeping. The least effective but sometimes necessary controls are at the worker, such as education, enclosures, respirators, gloves, and protective clothing. Sixteen industrial hygiene fact sheets provide more detailed information on specific control methods.
The document discusses health and safety in the workplace. It defines safety as complying with occupational safety and health standards to allow workers to perform jobs without excessive exposure to hazards. Health means workers are physically and mentally sound to do their jobs normally. The document emphasizes the importance of effective health and safety practices in retaining employees, maximizing productivity, and reducing costs from injuries. However, it notes that many Philippine workers do not have acceptable working conditions and occupational accidents remain high. The minimum health and safety standards require workplaces be free of hazards and provide protective equipment, facilities, and medical services for workers.
This presentation introduces industrial hygiene, which involves recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards such as exposure to chemicals, noise, heat, and vibration. It was presented by three students and discusses the key aspects of industrial hygiene including the OSHAct of 1970, common environmental hazards, the OSHA hierarchy of controls, types of exposures and air contaminants, and the importance of protection and hygiene surveys. The benefits of industrial hygiene are highlighted as keeping known hazards under control, establishing standards, preventing accidents, and increasing worker morale and production while decreasing costs.
Occupational health aims to promote and maintain workers' physical, mental, and social well-being. It involves addressing industrial hygiene, diseases, accidents, hazards, and rehabilitation. Components include preventing departure from health due to work conditions; protecting workers from health risks; and adapting the work environment and workers to their jobs. Key occupational hazards are physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial factors that can negatively impact health. The Factories Act and Employees' State Insurance Act are two important laws governing occupational health in India by establishing standards for facilities, hours, leave, diseases, and benefits like sickness payments and medical care.
Occupational diseases are diseases that are caused or aggravated by the work or work environment. Some key points:
- Occupational diseases can have varying time frames between exposure and symptoms, from immediate to decades later.
- Major causes of occupational diseases include physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. Common examples are respiratory diseases from dusts or fumes, musculoskeletal disorders, and work-related stress.
- Prevention of occupational diseases involves controlling exposures through substitution of hazardous materials, engineering controls, administrative controls, personal protective equipment, and health monitoring programs. The goal is primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
• History of Occupational Diseases (O.D) Listing
• Definition of O.D and Work-Related Diseases (WRD)
• Criteria for identification of O.D
• International List of O.D
• Prescribed Occupational Diseases
15 introduction to occupational health & safety-file 1Kapil Chhabra
Prof. M.S.S. Varadan gave a presentation on occupational health and safety. Occupational health and safety aims to promote workers' physical, mental, and social well-being by preventing health issues caused by working conditions and protecting workers from risks. Common workplace hazards include dusts, gases, noise, vibration, and extreme temperatures. A good occupational health and safety program identifies hazards, monitors worker exposure, informs workers and employers of risks, has an active health and safety committee, and conducts ongoing safety efforts.
Here are two potential health hazards and their harmful effects:
1. Physical hazard - Noise from power tools used in the workshop. Route of entry is hearing. Harmful effect is noise-induced hearing loss over prolonged exposure.
2. Chemical hazard - Solvents and thinners used for painting and cleaning. Route of entry is inhalation and skin absorption. Harmful effects include headaches, dizziness, skin and eye irritation upon acute exposure, and possible cancer with chronic exposure.
This document discusses occupational health and related topics. It covers health promotion of workers, prevention of occupational diseases, roles of occupational health nurses, administration of occupational health services, and international organizations. Some key points include recommendations by ILO/WHO on worker nutrition, disease control, and mental health. It also outlines legislation in countries like prevention of child labor and maternity benefits.
This document provides an introduction to occupational safety and health. It discusses how occupational health draws from multiple disciplines to protect worker health. It outlines common workplace safety hazards and resulting injuries or diseases. Finally, it describes key concepts in occupational safety including industrial hygiene, ergonomics, risk assessment, and risk management.
This document discusses different types of occupational hazards that workers may be exposed to, including physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychosocial hazards. Some key physical hazards mentioned are heat, cold, light, noise, vibration, and radiation. Chemical hazards can enter the body through local skin contact, inhalation of dusts, gases or metal compounds, or ingestion. Biological hazards come from infectious agents. Mechanical hazards stem from injuries from machinery. Psychosocial hazards relate to stress, relationships, and mental health issues from an unfamiliar work environment. Overall the document provides a detailed classification and explanation of various occupational health risks.
This document defines key terms and concepts related to occupational health and safety. It discusses occupational health as promoting worker health through prevention, protection, and rehabilitation. Ergonomics is defined as adapting work to humans. Common occupational hazards include physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial factors. Diseases and injuries can result from exposures to these hazards. The document emphasizes applying principles of prevention, health monitoring, and education to promote occupational safety and health.
The health belief model is a social psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services.
This document discusses occupational health hazards and pulmonary diseases. It defines key terms like occupational health, hazards, and diseases. It describes various occupational hazards including physical (heat, cold, light, radiation, noise, vibration), chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. It provides examples of specific diseases caused by these hazards like silicosis from silica dust, byssinosis from cotton dust, and occupational asthma. The document also discusses preventive measures for various occupational health hazards and the goals of occupational health in promoting worker well-being and preventing occupational diseases.
This document provides historical context on occupational health and discusses key figures and concepts. It summarizes that Bernardino Ramazzini in 1700 published the first study linking environmental hazards to specific occupations and diseases. In 1775, Sir Percivall Pott associated cancer with occupational exposure from chimney sweeping. Occupational health refers to risks and safety for work outside the home. Occupational diseases are directly caused by a person's occupation. The document outlines various occupational hazards like physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial factors and diseases they can cause. It also discusses prevention of occupational diseases through various medical and environmental measures.
Power point environmental and occupational healthLori Mungovan
Here are a few possible reasons why the government has not banned BPA more quickly:
1. Chemical companies that produce and use BPA in plastics manufacturing exert significant lobbying influence. Banning chemicals could hurt their profits.
2. The effects of low-dose exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals like BPA are complex and long-term. It's difficult to definitively prove health impacts, which gives chemical companies arguments against regulation.
3. Government agencies tend to be more conservative in banning chemicals already in wide use. They prefer to see overwhelming scientific consensus first before taking drastic regulatory action.
4. Alternatives to BPA must be developed, tested and brought to market. Transitioning entire industries to new
Occupational health refers to the health and safety risks faced by workers. Workplaces can expose employees to various hazards like physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards. Physical hazards include noise, vibration, radiation, which can cause diseases like deafness, arthritis, cancer. Chemical hazards like gases, metals, dusts from substances like asbestos, silica can lead to conditions like poisoning, asbestosis, silicosis. Prolonged exposure to these workplace hazards can seriously impact worker health. The goal of occupational health is to promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers.
This document discusses various measures for preventing occupational diseases. It covers medical measures like pre-placement examinations and periodic health checks. It also discusses engineering controls such as machine enclosure, ventilation and substitution of hazardous materials. Legislative measures that regulate occupational health and safety are mentioned, including the Factories Act. The roles and responsibilities of employers and employees to ensure workplace safety are also outlined.
Occupational hazards, occupational health
Occupational safety and health should not be sidelined as a service delivery issue. Health worker health and well-being is an important aspect of workers’ motivation and job satisfaction, which influence productivity as well as retention. Health worker safety also affects the quality of care; caring for the caregiver should be a priority area of concern for the health system’s performance.
This document provides guidance on controlling chemical exposure in the workplace. It discusses controlling exposure at the source of the chemicals, along the path of exposure, and at the worker. The most effective controls are at the source, including substitution, mechanizing processes, and isolating/enclosing processes. Controls along the path include local exhaust ventilation, general ventilation, and housekeeping. The least effective but sometimes necessary controls are at the worker, such as education, enclosures, respirators, gloves, and protective clothing. Sixteen industrial hygiene fact sheets provide more detailed information on specific control methods.
The document discusses health and safety in the workplace. It defines safety as complying with occupational safety and health standards to allow workers to perform jobs without excessive exposure to hazards. Health means workers are physically and mentally sound to do their jobs normally. The document emphasizes the importance of effective health and safety practices in retaining employees, maximizing productivity, and reducing costs from injuries. However, it notes that many Philippine workers do not have acceptable working conditions and occupational accidents remain high. The minimum health and safety standards require workplaces be free of hazards and provide protective equipment, facilities, and medical services for workers.
This document provides an overview of occupational health and safety topics including accidents in industry, sickness absenteeism, health problems due to industrialization, and the prevention of occupational diseases. It discusses human and environmental factors that contribute to industrial accidents. It also outlines medical, engineering, and legislative measures that can be implemented to prevent occupational hazards. These include pre-placement exams, periodic health exams, ventilation improvements, protective equipment, and labor laws governing facilities and working hours. The document provides details on the Employees' State Insurance Act which provides medical and cash benefits for occupational injuries and illnesses.
This presentation discusses industrial hygiene, which involves anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards to prevent worker injury or illness. Industrial hygienists use monitoring methods to assess exposure levels and implement controls like engineering solutions. The document provides examples of chemical, physical, biological, toxicity, and mechanical hazards. It also explains that industrial hygienists work to recognize hazards and recommend primary controls like engineering and administrative measures to protect workers.
The document summarizes occupational health measures and legislation in India. It discusses:
1. Measures for occupational health including nutrition, health education, disease control, protections for women and children, and environmental sanitation.
2. Prevention of occupational diseases through medical measures like examinations and services, and engineering controls like ventilation and protective equipment.
3. Key legislation including the Factories Act which governs conditions and worker welfare, and the Employees' State Insurance Act which provides cash and medical benefits for sickness, maternity and injuries.
Introduction to Hazardous Material, Worker Health, Housekeeping and HygienePECB
A dangerous good is any solid, liquid, or gas that can harm people, other living organisms, property or the environment. The most affected groups are people who work with hazardous materials. Potential workplace health hazards include air contaminants and chemical, physical, biological, and ergonomic hazards. This is why good housekeeping practices programs are necessary.
Main points covered:
• Definitions
• Requirements
• Common Audit non-compliance
Presenter:
Raza Shah has completed his course work for MS in Project. Due to his interest in management systems, he has done lead auditor courses for ISO 9000, ISO 14000, OHSAS 18001, ISO 26000, ISO22000, ISO 13485 and SA 8000 Advance Lead Auditor.
Link of the recorded session published on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Vxq1aiJ9tc4
This document provides an introduction to industrial safety and accident prevention. It defines an accident and discusses the main causes of accidents in industries, which can be unsafe conditions or unsafe actions. It outlines various factors that can contribute to accidents, including mechanical, environmental, human and psychological factors. It also discusses classifications of common accidents. The main approaches to accident prevention are engineering controls, education and enforcement. Laws governing industrial safety in India are also summarized, including the Factories Act of 1948, which provides health and safety guidelines for workers.
Intro to osha presentation revised December 2014John Newquist
This document provides an introduction to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). It discusses that OSHA was created to assure safe and healthful working conditions and to reduce workplace injuries, illnesses, and deaths. It outlines workers' rights under OSHA, including the right to a safe workplace, to file complaints, and be protected from retaliation. Employer responsibilities under OSHA are also reviewed, such as complying with safety standards, providing training and medical exams. Common OSHA standards like fall protection and hazard communication are mentioned. The types of OSHA inspections and penalties for violations are briefly covered.
This document provides an introduction to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). It discusses why OSHA is important for worker safety, noting statistics on work-related deaths and injuries. It outlines workers' rights under OSHA such as the right to a safe workplace, to file complaints, and be protected from retaliation. Employer responsibilities under OSHA include complying with standards, providing training and medical records. The document also describes OSHA standards, the inspection process, and resources for workers seeking assistance or filing complaints.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY ON EMPLOYEE HEALTH AND SAFETYFATIMA
The document discusses employee health and safety in the workplace. It outlines key measures to ensure worker safety, including:
- Establishing safety measures for machinery, young workers, and hazardous equipment
- Ensuring cleanliness, adequate ventilation, lighting, sanitation, and safe working spaces
- Requiring safety training, monitoring of workplaces for hazards, and investigation of accidents
It also discusses the importance of health and safety for reducing absenteeism, accidents, and improving productivity, quality of work, and employee morale. Supervisors are responsible for training employees, correcting hazards, and investigating incidents to prevent recurrences.
- Good health and safety procedures have many benefits for workplaces like reduced costs and risks, increased productivity, and more motivated workers.
- The main causes of workplace illness are stress, musculoskeletal injuries, and respiratory diseases. The most serious accidents are falls from heights and being struck by vehicles or objects.
- Employers must conduct risk assessments, follow regulations like having fire safety measures, and report certain accidents under RIDDOR to protect employees. The HSE oversees health and safety compliance in UK workplaces.
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
. . . “that science and art devoted to the anticipation, recognition,
evaluation, and control of those environmental factors or stresses
arising in or from the workplace, which may cause sickness,
impaired health and well-being, or significant discomfort among
workers or among the citizens of the community.”
OSHA OFFICE OF TRAINING AND EDUCATION
These materials were developed by OSHA’s Office of Training and
Education and are intended to assist employers, workers, and others as
they strive to improve workplace health and safety. While we attempt to
thoroughly address specific topics, it is not possible to include discussion
of everything necessary to ensure a healthy and safe working environment
in a presentation of this nature. Thus, this information must be
understood as a tool for addressing workplace hazards, rather than an
exhaustive statement of an employer’s legal obligations, which are defined
by statute, regulations, and standards. Likewise, to the extent that this
information references practices or procedures that may enhance health or
safety, but which are not required by a statute, regulation, or standard, it
cannot, and does not, create additional legal obligations. Finally, over time,
OSHA may modify rules and interpretations in light of new technology,
information, or circumstances; to keep apprised of such developments, or
to review information on a wide range of occupational safety and health
topics, you can visit OSHA’s website at www.osha.gov.
1
INTRODUCTION
Industrial hygiene has been defined as “that science and art devoted to the anticipation,
recognition, evaluation, and control of those environmental factors or stresses arising in
or from the workplace, which may cause sickness, impaired health and well-being, or
significant discomfort among workers or among the citizens of the community.”
Industrial hygienists use environmental monitoring and analytical methods to detect the
extent of worker exposure and employ engineering, work practice controls, and other
methods to control potential health hazards.
There has been an awareness of industrial hygiene since antiquity. The environment and
its relation to worker health was recognized as early as the fourth century BC when
Hippocrates noted lead toxicity in the mining industry. In the first century AD, Pliny the
Elder, a Roman scholar, perceived health risks to those working with zinc and sulfur. He
devised a face mask made from an animal bladder to protect workers from exposure to
dust and lead fumes. In the second century AD, the Greek physician, Galen, accurately
described the pathology of lead poisoning and also recognized the hazardous
exposures of copper miners to acid mists.
In the Middle Ages, guilds worked at assisting sick workers and their families. In 1556,
the German scholar, Agricola, advanced the science of industrial hygiene even further
...
The document defines key terms related to occupational safety and health such as safety, health, and occupational safety and health management systems. It discusses why occupational health and safety is important at workplaces from moral, economic, and legal perspectives. It also outlines the key elements of an occupational safety and health management system including policy formulation, worker participation, management of change, organizing, documentation, planning and implementation, hazard prevention and control, emergency preparedness, procurement, evaluation, and continuous improvement. Finally, it provides an overview of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 2007 and the duties it places on occupiers and employees.
Environmental Health and Safety Management System in Different Industries in ...Mozakkir Azad
This document provides an overview of environmental health and safety (EHS) management systems in different industries in Bangladesh. It discusses key topics such as the history of health and safety management, common occupational diseases and hazards, the stages of an EHS management system, and features of an EHS management system including safety event reporting, corrective and preventive action, inspections, observations, compliance management, and risk management. It also examines occupational safety and health regulations in Bangladesh, outlining the roles of organizations like the International Labour Organization and Bangladeshi industry associations. Finally, it explores challenges and importance of occupational safety and health management in Bangladeshi industries.
Professional practice presentation.pptxKanza batool
The document discusses workplace health and safety. It states that good health and safety management involves strong leadership from managers and involvement from workers, suppliers, contractors and customers. It also notes that a safety and health management system can help businesses focus their efforts on improving the work environment. The document then provides information on occupational safety and health laws in Pakistan and discusses responsibilities of employers and employees to maintain a safe work environment through risk assessment, training, and provision of protective equipment.
The document discusses health and safety laws that employers and employees must follow. It outlines the key responsibilities of employers such as maintaining a safe work environment, providing training to employees, implementing safety measures, and recording and reporting workplace injuries. It also discusses employees' responsibility to prioritize their own safety and health. Common workplace hazards like chemicals, noise, and ergonomic issues are mentioned. The importance of safety programs and accident prevention is emphasized in terms of reducing costs, increasing productivity and fulfilling moral and legal obligations.
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This document discusses the definition and concepts of industrial hygiene and risk assessment. It defines industrial hygiene as focusing on anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards. It also discusses how risk assessment is an essential part of industrial hygiene and compares the terminology between industrial hygiene and environmental risk assessment. The document presents the risk assessment equation that determines probability of health effects from exposure and absorbed dose.
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Prevention of occupational diseases
1.
2. The various measures for the prevention
of occupational diseases may be
grouped under three heads
i. Medical measures
ii. Engineering measures
iii. Legislative measures
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 2
3. Medical measures for the prevention of
occupational diseases are further classified
into;
a. Pre-placement examination
b. Periodical examination
c. Medical & Health care services
d. Notification
e. Supervision of working environment
f. Maintenance and analysis of records
g. Health education & counselling
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 3
4. It is the foundation of an efficient
occupational health services
Done at the time of employment
Includes the worker’s medical, family,
occupational and social history
Also includes a thorough physical
examination and a battery of biological
and radiological examinations e.g. chest X-
ray, ECG, vision testing, urine & blood
examination, special tests for endemic
diseases
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 4
5. The “purpose” of pre-placement
examination is “to place the right man in
the right job suited to his physical and
mental abilities, so that worker can
perform his duties efficiently without
detriment to his health”
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 5
6. Pre-placement examination will also
serve as a useful benchmark for future
comparison
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 6
7. Many diseases of occupational origin
require months to years for their
development
Their slow development, very often,
leads to their non-recognition in the early
stages which is harmful for the worker
This is the reason why a periodical
medical checkup of workers become
very important when they handle toxic
materials
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 7
8. The frequency & content of periodical
examinations depends upon the type of
occupational exposure
Ordinarily, workers are examined once a
year but in certain occupational
exposure (e.g. lead, toxic dyes, radium)
monthly examinations are indicated
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 8
9. Medical care of occupational diseases is
a basic function of an occupational
health service
Within the working environment, first aid
services should be made available
Properly applied first aid can reduce
suffering & disability and accelerates
recovery
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 9
10. Immunization is another accepted
function of an occupational health
service
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 10
11. The main purpose of notification in
industry is to initiate measures for
prevention and protection & ensuring
their effective application
It also serves important function to
investigate the working conditions &
other circumstances which have caused
or suspected to have caused
occupational diseases
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 11
12. Periodic inspection of working
environment provides information of
primary importance in the prevention of
occupational disabilities
The physician should pay frequent visits
to the factory in order to acquaint
himself with the various aspects of the
working environment such as
temperature, lighting, humidity,
ventilation, noise, air pollution
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 12
13. He should be acquainted with the raw
materials, processes and products
manufactured
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 13
14. Proper records are essential for planning,
development & efficient operation of an
occupational health service
Worker’s health record & occupational
disability record must be maintained
The review of these records will help
prevent certain hazards in the
occupational environment
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 14
15. Ideally health education should start
before the worker enters the factory
All the risks involved in the industry in
which he is employed & the measures to
be taken for personal protection should
be explained to him
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 15
16. The correct use of protective devices like
masks and gloves should also be
explained
Simple rules of hygiene like hand
washing, paring the nails, bodily
cleanliness & cleanliness of clothes
should be explained
Purpose of health education is to assist
him avoid health hazards in working
environment
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 16
17. Design of building
Good housekeeping
General ventilation
Mechanization
Substitution
Dusts
Enclosure
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 17
18. Isolation
Local exhaust ventilation
Protective devices
Environmental monitoring
Statistical monitoring
Research
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 18
19. Measures for the prevention of
occupational diseases should
commence in the planning stage
Type of floor, walls, height, ceiling, roof,
doors & windows, cubic space are all
matters which should receive attention in
the original plan of the building
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 19
20. It covers general cleanliness, ventilation,
lighting, washing, food arrangements
and general maintenance
Good housekeeping is a fundamental
requirement for the control or elimination
of occupational hazards
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 20
21. There should be good general ventilation
in factories
In rooms where dust is generated, there
should be an efficient exhaust ventilation
system
Good general ventilation decreases the
air born hazards to the workers, specially
hazards from dusts and gases
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 21
22. The plant should be mechanized to the
fullest possible extent to reduce the
hazard of contact with harmful
substances
Dermatitis can be prevented if hand
mixing is replaced by mechanical
devices
Acids can be conveyed from one place
to another through pipes
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 22
23. By substitution is meant the replacement
of a harmful material by a harmless one,
or one of lesser toxicity
E.g. substitution of white phosphorus by
phosphorus sesquisulphide in the match
industry which resulted in the elimination
of necrosis of jaw (Phossy jaw)
Zinc or iron paints can be used in place
of harmful lead paints etc
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 23
24. Dusts can be controlled at the point of
origin by water sprays e.g. wet drilling of
rock
Inclusion of a little moisture in the
materials will make the processes of
grinding, sieving and mixing
comparatively dust free
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 24
25. Enclosing the harmful materials and
processes will prevent the escape of dust
and fumes into the factory atmosphere
E.g. grinding machinery can be
completely enclosed
Such enclosed units are generally
combined with exhaust ventilation
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 25
26. Sometimes it may be necessary to isolate
the offensive process in a separate
building so that workers not directly
connected with the operation are saved
from exposure
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 26
27. By providing local exhaust ventilation
dusts, fumes and other injurious
substances can be trapped and
extracted “at source” before they
escape into the factory atmosphere
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 27
28. The protective devices comprise ear
plugs, ear muffs, helmets, safety shoes,
aprons, gloves, screens and goggles etc
The worker should be instructed in the
correct use of protective devices
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 28
29. An important aspect in the occupational
health programme :
Concerned with periodical
environmental surveys, specially
sampling the factory atmosphere to
determine whether the dusts & gases
escaping into the atmosphere are within
the limits of permissible concentration
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 29
30. It comprises review at regular intervals of
collected data on health and
environmental exposure of occupational
groups
Main objective is to evaluate the
adequacy of preventive measures &
occupational health criteria, including
permissible exposure levels
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 30
31. Research in occupational health offers
fertile ground for study which can
provide a better understanding of the
industrial health problems
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 31
32. Legislation is of particular importance in
prevention and control of occupational
hazards and diseases
Punjab employees social security
institution (PESSI) plays a vital role in
legislation
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 32
33. Legislative measures include;
› Age:
No worker should be less than 18 years old
› Working Hours:
8 hrs/day, 48 hrs/week with one day off in a
week
› Extra time:
On double wages
› Treatment:
100% free medical treatment to worker and
family
Family includes spouse, children and parents
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 33
34. › Sickness benefits:
If a worker is injured during working hours, he is
provided with full pay, leave up to 180 days,
free of cost medications
If injured outside workplace then he is given
75% of pay along with leave until he recovers
› Maternity leave:
120 days leave in her last trimester with 75%
pay and free of cost medications
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 34
35. › Disablement:
Medical board determines the extent of loss
after which it is determined whether person
can be given a light job or pension/gratuity
› Death:
In case of death of worker, about 1500 rupees
are given for funeral
75% pension is given to widow till the time one
of his child reaches 21 years or till the marriage
of her daughters
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 35
36. Responsible authorities
Ministry of Overseas Pakistanis and
Human Resource Development
Main laws
Factories Act 1934
Hazardous Occupation Rules of 1978
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 36
37.
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Boilers and
Pressure Vessels Act, 2016 (Act No. XXXI
of 2016).
The Balochistan Boilers and Pressure
Vessels Act (Act No. XVI of 2015
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 37
38. Boilers and Pressure Vessels
(Amendment) Act, 2009
Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority
Ordinance, 2001 (No. 3 of 2001)
Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection
(Treatment of Food by Ionizing Radiation)
Regulations, 1996
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 38
39. Employment of Children Act, 1991 (Act
No. V of 1991).
Pakistan Nuclear Safety and Radiation
Protection Ordinance (No. IV of 1984).
Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance, 1971 (II
of 1971).
Hazardous Occupation Rules, 1963 (No.
1-6 (L-II/64).
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 39
40. The term “ergonomics is derived from the
Greek ergon, meaning “work” and
nomos, meaning “laws”
It simply means “fitting the job to the
worker”
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 40
41. According to IEO(International Ergonomics
Association): Ergonomics, ”Integrates
knowledge derived from human
sciences to match jobs ,systems,
products and environment to the
physical and mental abilities and
limitations of people”
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 41
42. Ergonomics is the study of human abilities
and characteristics which affect the
design of equipment, systems and jobs
and aims are to improve efficiency,
safety and well being. Ergonomics is
preventive in action and it prevents
fatigue, ill health and accidents. It is
more satisfying to the worker, safer and
productive.
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 42
43. Training in ergonomics involves designing
of machines, tolls, equipments and
manufacturing processes, lay out of the
places of work, methods of work &
environment in order to achieve greater
efficiency of both man and machine
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 43
44. Reduces the physical & mental stress
/fatigue
Increases work efficiency
Reduces ill health
Accelerates response to emergency
situation.
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 44
45. Anatomical
Physical work capacity
Sensory capability
Planning of building, equipment and
machinery
Work design
Dr. M. Awais( Occupational Health 18) AMC, Abbottabad 45