Five factors affect language learning strategies: intelligence, aptitude, personality, motivation/attitude, and learning styles. Intelligence, as measured by IQ scores, predicts success with analytic learning but may be less important for communicative focus. Aptitude includes abilities in sound identification, word functions/meanings, and grammar rules. Personality traits like anxiety, extroversion, and inhibition impact language learning. Motivation depends on communicative needs and language attitude. Learning styles are visual, auditory, or kinesthetic preferences for acquiring information. Teachers can motivate students and vary activities to engage different learning styles.

1. Five Factors Affecting
Leaning Language
Strategies
Prepared by : Nik Siti Maisarah Binti Abd
Rahman
A143827
Prepared for : Prof. Dr. Mohamed Amin Embi

2. AND THE FACTORS ARE :
Intelligence
Aptitude
Personality
Motivation and Attitude
Learning Styles

3. INTELLIGENCE
Referring to performance on certain kinds of
tests.
IQ scores were a good means of predicting
success in LLS which involves analysis and rule
learning.
May play a less important role in classrooms
where the focus on communication and
interaction.

4. APTITUDE
Special abilities to learn quickly.
Aptitude components ; i) identify and
memorize new sounds, ii) understand
function of words, iii) figure out grammatical
rules , iv) memory for new words
 Learner’s strengths and weaknesses in these
different components may account for their
ability to succeed in different type of
instructional programs.

5. PERSONALITY
(BY ASHWAQ AL-HARBI)
There are numbers of personality traits that have
been proposed as likely to effect LLS and they are
;
a. Anxiety
b. Extroversion
c. Inhibition, etc …

6. a. Anxiety
Refers to learners’ feelings of worry and stress
when learning language strategies.
Based on researches, it is dynamic and
dependent on situations or circumstances.
However, it has been argued that not all anxiety
is bad and certain amount of tension can have
positive effect and even facilitate learning. For
example, a learner’s willingness to communicate
has been related to anxiety.

7. b. Extroversion
This kind of trait is well suited to language learning.
On the other hand, researches are not entirely agree
on this ;a. Some studies have found that success in language
learning is correlated with learners’ scores on
questionnaires measuring characteristics associated
with extroversion such as assertiveness and
adventurousness.
b. While some found that many successful language
learners do no get high scores on measure of
extroversion.

8. c. Inhibition
Discourage risk-taking which is necessary for
progress in language learning.
A problem for adolescents who are more selfconscious than younger learners.
Alexander Guiora : inhibition is a negative force
at least for second language pronounciation
perfomance.

9. MOTIVATION AND ATTITUDE
Motivation can be defined in two factors :
a. Learners’ communicative needs
b. Learners’ attitude to LLS

10. MOTIVATION IN THE
CLASSROOM
Levels of motivation in relation to pedagogical
practices :
a. Motivating students into the lesson
b. Varying the activities, tasks and materials
c. Using cooperative rather than competitive goals

11. LEARNING STYLES
Learning style is an individual’s habits or pattern
in acquiring and processing information in
learning situations.
There are three main learning styles which are ;
a. Visual learners ; sight
b. Auditory learners ; hearing
c. Kinesthetic learners ; physical action

12. Visual Learners
Prefer information in graphic such as pictures
, diagrams , demonstrations.
Benefit from using charts, maps, notes, and flash
cards when studying.

13. Auditory Learners
Prefer to hear information spoken.
May read aloud to themselves.
Playing background music while studying.
Often avoid eye contact in order to concentrate.

14. Kinesthetic Learners
Using physical as primary mode for taking
information.
Prefer writing when collecting important facts.
Role-playing helps to study and remember better.
Creating study sheet connected to vivid
examples.