The document discusses psychoanalytical literary criticism, which emerged in the 19th century influenced by Freud's theories. It outlines the methods of interpreting literature through the lens of the author's psyche and various psychoanalytic concepts such as the Oedipus complex and the idea that literature reflects inner desires and conflicts. While highlighting the contributions and criticisms of different theorists, it cautions against an over-reliance on Freudian analysis, urging an appreciation for the broader significance of literary works.

1. Topic:-Psychoanalytical Literary Criticism
Name :-Khamal Krishna R
Roll no:- 15
Semester:- 2
Enrollment no:-PG20170014
Paper no:- 7
Course:- Literary theory and Criticism
Batch:-2016/2018
Email:-krishnakhamal01@gmail.com
Submitted to:- Department of English
M.K.Bhavnagar University

4. Psychoanalytic literary theory
It emerged in the 19
th
century.
In method,concept and form influenced by the tradition of
psychoanalysis begun by Sigmund Freud.
In romantic period it was belief that the details and the form
of literature are related with it's author's distinctive mind.
Three practices
1.Referance to author's personality in order to interpret
or explain a literary work.
2.Referenc personalitye to literary works in order to
establish,biographically personality of the author.
3).Reading of literary work in order to experience
distinctive subjectivity or consciousness its own author...

5. Celine Supernant''Psychoanalytic literary criticism does
not constitute a unified field.However ,all variant
endorse,at least to a certain degree,the idea that
literature... it is fundamentally entwined with the psyche''
The object of psychoanalytic criticism,can be the
psychoanalysis of the author or a particular
character in given work.In this directly therapeutic
form,the criticism is very similar to psychoanalysis
itself,closely following the analytic interpretive
process discussed in Freud's ,The Dream
interpretation.Critic may see fictional character as
case study...
Poetry for Keble''Is the indirect expression..of
some overpowering emotion or ruling taste or
feeling the direct indulgence where of it
somehow repressed...'' ''a sefty
valve,preserving men from madness''.

6. Freud proposes that literature and other arts,like
drama and neurotic symptoms, consist of imagined
or fantasized,fulfillment of wishes that are either
denied by reality or prohibited by social standards of
morality and propriety..''
Artist find satisfaction in distorted forms that
serves to disguise their real motives and objects
from the unconscious mind.

9. Literature and art therefore unlike dreams and neuroses
may serve the artist as a mode of fantasy that opens the
way back to reality''.
Freud 1920,theory later developedas the theory of
mental structure of dynamics and processes.
He gave such concepts like,Oedipus complex,penis
envy,Freudian slips,id,egoand super ego.
He divides mind on the base of its functional aspects..

11. Psychoanalytical approach in practice
Freud applied psychoanalysis on the literary works
of Shakespear like Hamlet,King Lear,Macbeth,a mid
summers night dreams...
Fyodor Dostoevsky's 'The brother karamazcv'...
After 1930 numbers of writers prodced critical
analysis,modeled on classical Freudian theory..ofthe
lives of the author and their literary works...
Hamlet and Oedipus 1949-Earnest Jones
''Ego psychology''-Literature and psychology-
Frederick c.crews...

12. Charles Mauron:- he suggest four phase of the
method to interpret literary work via
psychoanalysis.....
(1). Innate desires expressed and revealed by metaphors
and symbolilcally
(2).The juxtaposition of the writer's works lead the critic to
define symbolic theme.
(3).these metaphorical networks are significant of latent
inner reality.
(4).The last phase consist in linking the writer's literary
creation to his own personal life..
.

13. The Psychobiography
This term designates an account of the life of an author
that focuses on the subject's psychological
development,relying for evidence both on external
sources and on the author's own writings...
Eric H. Erikson's -Young man Luther
Leon Edel's -Henry James
Justin Kalpan -Mark Twain and his world

14. Carl Jung and Jacques Lacan
Carl Jung comes up with the study related to archetype
and the collective unconscious,his influential works
combine with the work of Anthropologist such as Claude
Levi-Strauss and Joseph Campbell,it led to
mythocriticism and archetype analysis...
.
For Carl Jung all great literatur are myths.
Jacques Lacan (French Freud):- ''Unconscious is
structured like language,
Metaphor and metonymy....human mind is not
preexisted to,but constituted by the language we use''

16. Conclusion
There is lots of criticism of Freud's theory,such as for feminist
critics attacked the male centered nature of Freud's theory
,esp.Oedipus Complex..and Penis envy.
..
The danger is that the serious student may become theory
ridden,forgetting that freud is not the only approach to literary
criticism.
To see a great poem primarily as a psychological case
study is often to miss wider significance and perhaps even
the essential aesthetic experience it shuld provide.
Later analysts would conclude that 'clearly one cannot
psychoanalyze a writer from his text,one can only appropriate
him.'.