pharmacy practice is vital activity performed by pharmadians along with physicians to enhance the quality and span of life of patient .mediaction history interview is is an essential to know and presentation of case collected in universally accepted format .
Patient counselling, Steps involved in patient counseling, need of counselling, Special cases that require the pharmacist, Patient counseling, Assessment and Monitoring of Counselling, counseling, Definition of patient counseling
Basic introduction to patient counselling for the clinical pharmacy services. Educating the patient on their disease, medication and lifestyle for better patient care and quicker recovery.
REVIEWING THE CLINICIANS PRESCRIPTION AND TREATMENT PROGRESSION IS THE FUNDAMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PHARMACIST. THIS PRESENTATION WILL DEAL WITH VARIOUS ASPECTS OF REVIEWING PATIENT DRUGTHERAPY PLAN
Patient Counselling is needed for
Better patient understanding to their illness and role of medication.
Improve medication adherence.
Improve dosage regimen adherence.
More effective Drug treatment.
Reduce incidence of adverse drug effect and unnecessary healthcare cost.
ADR reporting.
Improve quality of life for patient.
Raising image of Pharmacist & its profession.
Introduction to daily activities of clinical pharmacist.
Drug therapy monitoring,
Medication chart review
Clinical Progress
Pharmacist intervention
Detection and management of ADRs
Patient counselling, Steps involved in patient counseling, need of counselling, Special cases that require the pharmacist, Patient counseling, Assessment and Monitoring of Counselling, counseling, Definition of patient counseling
Basic introduction to patient counselling for the clinical pharmacy services. Educating the patient on their disease, medication and lifestyle for better patient care and quicker recovery.
REVIEWING THE CLINICIANS PRESCRIPTION AND TREATMENT PROGRESSION IS THE FUNDAMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PHARMACIST. THIS PRESENTATION WILL DEAL WITH VARIOUS ASPECTS OF REVIEWING PATIENT DRUGTHERAPY PLAN
Patient Counselling is needed for
Better patient understanding to their illness and role of medication.
Improve medication adherence.
Improve dosage regimen adherence.
More effective Drug treatment.
Reduce incidence of adverse drug effect and unnecessary healthcare cost.
ADR reporting.
Improve quality of life for patient.
Raising image of Pharmacist & its profession.
Introduction to daily activities of clinical pharmacist.
Drug therapy monitoring,
Medication chart review
Clinical Progress
Pharmacist intervention
Detection and management of ADRs
hOME MEDICATION REVIEW IS out standing self-employment opportunities with good clinical skills and hand on practice for pharm d students..its well an established program in Australia.
technology transfer documents confidentiality agreements, licensing, mous.pdfDr. Ambekar Abdul Wahid
A confidentiality agreement also called a nondisclosure agreement or NDA.
It is a legally binding contract in which a person or business promises to treat specific information as a trade secret and promises not to disclose the secret to others without proper authorization.
Licensing is one of those terms that are used quite frequently and hold high importance.
Licensing can be defined as a contract or agreement between two companies, where one company permits another company to manufacture its products under specified conditions and for a specified payment. Different types of licensing
hOME MEDICATION REVIEW IS out standing self-employment opportunities with good clinical skills and hand on practice for pharm d students..its well an established program in Australia.
technology transfer documents confidentiality agreements, licensing, mous.pdfDr. Ambekar Abdul Wahid
A confidentiality agreement also called a nondisclosure agreement or NDA.
It is a legally binding contract in which a person or business promises to treat specific information as a trade secret and promises not to disclose the secret to others without proper authorization.
Licensing is one of those terms that are used quite frequently and hold high importance.
Licensing can be defined as a contract or agreement between two companies, where one company permits another company to manufacture its products under specified conditions and for a specified payment. Different types of licensing
“The Value of Drug Monitoring in Chronic Opioid Therapy Patients”Fred Jorgensen
“The Value of Drug Monitoring in Chronic Opioid Therapy Patients” delivered by Dr. Harry Leider, M.D., MBA, and Chief Medical Officer of Ameritox, Inc. This presentation was delivered during the ”Managing a Patient’s Pain in Today’s Regulated Environment” portion of the 2009 ASPMN Annual Conference.
“The Value of Drug Monitoring in Chronic Opioid Therapy Patients”Fred Jorgensen
“The Value of Drug Monitoring in Chronic Opioid Therapy Patients” delivered by Dr. Harry Leider, M.D., MBA, and Chief Medical Officer of Ameritox, Inc. This presentation was delivered during the ”Managing a Patient’s Pain in Today’s Regulated Environment” portion of the 2009 ASPMN Annual Conference.
Introduction: Medication adherence is defined by the World Health Organisation as “The degree to which the person's behaviour corresponds with the agreed recommendations from a health care provider
Factor Affecting Non-Adherance:Poor adherence or non-adherence to medical treatment severely compromises patient outcomes and increases patient mortality.
Non-adherence is a very common phenomenon in all patients with drug-taking behaviour.
The complexity of adherence is the result of an interplay of a range of factors, including patient views and attributes, illness characteristics, social contexts, access, and service issues.
Non-adherence: Non-adherence is the failure or refusal to comply with advice and can imply disobedience on the part of patient
5 step Factors: Social/economic and Economic Factors
Provider-patient/health care system factors
Condition-related factors
Therapy-related factors
Patient-related factors
Behavioural Factors:
Life style (smoking, alcohol, coffee use) Psychological and personality factors: anxiety, depression, coping style
Biological factors:
Gender, age, and genetic predisposition
Social and cultural factors:
Educational level, living situation, price of medication, policies.
Information Factors:
Have you received enough information? Satisfaction with the last visit?
Awareness factors:
Severity of the complaints (Baseline) quality of life,
Locus of control about patient adherence:
internal and external, stability and control about the cause of the complaints: internal and external, stability and controllability.
Stages to Overcome This Barrier
pharmacist patient education and counseling Hemat Elgohary
Lack of sufficient knowledge about their health problems and medications cause of patients’ non-adherence to their pharmaco-therapeutic regimens and monitoring plans so pharmacist need to have skills and knowledge to improve patient adherence and reduce medication-related problems
Pharmaceutical care concepts - clinical pharmacy ShaistaSumayya
The pharmaceutical care is defined as “the direct, responsible provision of medication-related care for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient’s quality of life.”
Pharmaceutical care involves the process through which a pharmacist cooperates with a patient and other professional in designing , implementation, and monitoring a therapeutic plan that will produce specific therapeutic outcomes for the patient
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. To review current medical treatment and to identify suitable
additional treatments ,medical professionals require complete
and reliable medication history
Medication history can be defined as
A Medication history is a detailed, accurate & complete
account of all prescribed & non-prescribed medication that a
patient had taken or is currently taking prior to a initially
institutionalized or ambulatory care.
Importance of medication history interview
1)Preventing prescription errors & consequent risk to patient
2)It should encompass all currently & recently prescribed drugs,
previous adverse drug reactions including herbal or alternative
medicine & adherence to therapy for better care plan.
3. Steps to be involved in medication history collection
1. Patient selection : Establish the identity of the patients
who are likely to benefit from interview
2. Self preparation: Understand the patients medical
condition & therapy before commencing the interview.
3. Introduction: Introduce your self & explain the purpose of
the interview
4. Conduct interview : Obtain all relevant information using
a combination of open ended & close ended questions.
4. a well designed and structured approach helps to collect
Relevant and complete information . The following
information is commonly collected
Currently and recently prescribed medicines
Medicines purchased without prescription (OTC drugs)
Vaccination status especially in children or some times in
adults also e.g : hepatitis vaccine ,malarial vaccine
covid vaccine etc
Alternative or traditional remedies e.g. ayuveda,siddha,
hakim medicine etc
Description of reactions and allergies to medicine or
food
Medicines found to be ineffective
Adherence to past treatment courses and use f adherence
aids.
5. QUESTIONS ASKED TO OBTAIN INFORMATION
Which community pharmacy do you use?
Any allergies to medications and what was the
Reaction
Which medications are you currently taking:
The name of the medication
The dosage form
The amount(specifically the dose)
How are you taking it(by which the dose and by which
route
How many times a day
What vitamins or other supplement are you talking?
Have you recently started any new medicines?
Did a doctor change the dose or stop any of your
medications recently ?
6. Did you change the dose or stopped any of your medications
recently?
Are you change the dose or stopped any medications because of
unwanted effects?
Do you sometimes stop taking your medicine whenever you feel
better?
Do you stop taking your medicine if it makes you feel worse?
the obtained information is documented and the
information is compared with the medicines given and
information obtained from other sources like medical notes or
practitioners file .
the interview is conducted based on patient condition.
some embarrasing questions to patient are avoided .body postures
or non verbal communication plays a significant role in interview.
confidentiality is maintained in patient information
7. Patient medication history interview help the pharmacist to
establish rapport with the patient, commence preliminary
counselling & help to formulate on ongoing pharmaceutical
plan.
8. PRESENTATION OF CASE
Patient information is documented and presented
in legal format. this activity is to input into the
patient medical records .
this allow the providers to share information in
universal, systematic and easy to read format.
In previous days FARM note(findings
,assessment ,resolution ,management and follow
up) is followed .but now SOAP note is followed
because is an universal format and easy to
understand and interprete the data.
9. SOAP note
S- subjective evaluation
O- objective evaluation similar to findings in FARM note
A- assessment similar to A in FARM note
P- planning similar to monitoring and follow up in FARM note.
1.S- subjective evaluation:
A patient specific subjective information as it gives a basis for or
leads to recognition of pharmacotherapy problem or indication for
pharmacist intervention.
Subjective information includes chief complaints (c/o) and duration
and severity of symptoms. It also includes past medical history ,
medication history surgical history, family history .
sometimes the data to be noted or not clearly delineated as
subjective or objective data there may be preponderence of one
type of data in that case both combined and noted as S/O findings.
10. O- objective findings:
It includes various abnormalities mesured.physical
appearence e.g.cyanosis, icterus etc height ,weight
Vitals information e.g. Pulse, bp,temprerature etc
Systemic examinations eg,CVS,CNS,RS etc
Laboratory data
Eg.haematological data ,urinary data ,thyroid tests ete
malarial test,dengue tests etc
Radiological information eg. CT scans ,MRI ,X-ray,
USG of abdomen etc
Other investigations like ECG,EEG etc
11. A- Assessment :
Diagnosis is not performed by the pharmacist it is under
Physician .instead the assessment section is includes
Pharmacist evaluation of subjective and objective findings.
in assessment the patient indication ,severity ,urgency and
Priority of problem .
The short term and long term goals of intervention are
proposed or provided
examples of short term goals :
i.Eliminate symptoms
ii.Lower bp to 140/90 with in 6 weeks
iii.Manage acute asthma
iv.Asthma flare up without requiring hospitalisation.
12. P- planning :
In medical notes the planning section includes diagnostic
Test, physician intended drug regimen,surgical procedure .
But the pharmacist does not have authority to recommend
diagnostic tests.
It includes drugs names (brand or generic),
dosage form , route of intake of medicine.
Dose
Frequency of intake
some notations if any drug or food is avoided during the
treatment with particular drug.
Diet plan to some patients
planning also includes monitoring and follow up of patient
condition and drug efficacy
13. Based on state of progression ( can be notes through
clinical lab findings and symptoms) changes to be
made in therapy .either reduction in dose ,increase in dose,
Change of drug etc
drug efficacy , toxicity and adverse events are monitored.
A case is given below to present in SOAP format.
14. SOAP ANALYSIS INCLUDES
pharmacist work up of drug therpy
Desired outcomes
Therapeutic end points
Medication related problems
Pharmacist interventions
Monitoring plans
Patient education
15. A case is given below to present in SOAP format.
Mr. Sp is a 52 year old business man who recently consulted
His physician for burning pain in his feet., known diabetic
for 4 years for which he has been following diabetic following a
diabetic diet .his social history reveals that he is tobacco smoker and
drinks alcohol accasionally .O/E his bp was 160/95 mm of hg.
his doctor ordered a range of laboratory tests includes FBS,PPBS,
BUN and serum creatinine His FBS was found to be 8.42mmol/lit
(normal3.9 to 6.1 mmol/lit)PPBS 10.28 mmol/lit(normal8.4mmol/lit),
BUN6.06 mmol/lit(normal 2.9 to 7.1 mmol/lit)and serum creatinine
52mmol/lit(normal 62 to 133mmol/lit)Mr. Sp was given op
prescription for following Medication
Rx
cap.gabapentin 300mg one TID
tab.Ramipril 2.5mg one OD
tab.gliclazide SR 30mg one OD
tab.metformin 500mg one BD