This presentation discusses disperse dyes and their use for dyeing synthetic fibers like polyester and acetate. It provides details on the mechanism of disperse dyeing, including wandle wall forces and fiber affinity. It also outlines the structure, solubility, chargeability and environmental behavior of disperse dyes. Application methods like high temperature dyeing and thermosol processes are summarized, including dye bath recipes and temperature cycles. The presentation concludes with information on dye fastness properties and color ranges for disperse dyes.

1. BGMEA University of Fashion &
Technology

2. Welcome to my
presentation on
Disperse Dye

3. Submitted To-
Zinia Anzuman Ara
Lecturer
Dept. Of AMT
BGMEA University of Fashion
& Technology
Submitted By-
Khandaker Ataur Rahman
ID: 171-195-0-145

4. Disperse Dyes
• The term “disperse dye” have been applied to the organic
colouring substances which are free from ionizing groups, are
of low water solubility and are suitable for dyeing
hydrophobic fibres.
• Disperse dyes are the only water insoluble dyes that dye
polyester and acetate fibers. Disperse dye molecules are the
smallest dye molecules among all dyes.

5. • Disperse dyes are used for dyeing man made cellulose and
synthetic fibres specially acetate and polyester fibers and
sometimes nylon and acrylic fibres.
• Carrier or dispersing agents are required for dyeing with
disperse dyes.
• Disperse dyes have fair to good light fastness with rating
about 4-5.

6. ➢ MECHANISM OF DISPERSE DYE
Wander Wall’s Forces.
High affinity for Fibers.
Attraction between Fiber Surface and the Dye
Molecule.
➢ STRUCTURE

7. ➢ SOLUBILITY
Non-Soluble in Water.
➢ CHARGEABILITY
Neutral Charge.
Penetrate Because of Transition State of Synthetic Fibers.
➢ ENVIRONMENT BEHAVIOUR
Non-Environmental Friendly.
Human effect dyeing method.

8. ➢ FASTNESS PROPERTIES
Washing
Lightening
Crocking
: Good .
: Good .
: Good .
Gas Fume Fade : Average .
➢ APPLIANCES
They are Applied to Synthetic Fibers such as
Acetate, Triacetate, Polyester, Nylon and Acrylic.

9. ➢ COLOUR RANGE
Wide Range of Colors.
Bright and Lighter Shades.
Major Colors: Pale Yellow and Blue.
➢ COST
Cheap method for dyeing process .

10. Other agents used in
Polyester dyeing
➢ Dispersing Agent
• It increases the solubility of the dye in water .
• It helps to increase the rate of the dye exhaustion .

11. ➢ Leveling Agent
•Leveling agents hold the rate of the dyeing and
helps to get uniform dyeing.
➢Buffer
•These agents protect the dye from reduction in
high temperature bath .

12. ❖ High temperature dyeing process .
❖ Thermosol process.

13. High Temperature Dyeing Process
•High temperature dyeing of polyester can be done in
Beam Dyeing machines , Jet dyeing machines
and Pressure Jiggers .
•This method dye applied under pressure at
temperature of about 130`c .
•Heating help to swell the highly compact
polyester polymer and make available
more space for the dye molecule to enter
in to the amorphous region of the fiber .

14. Dyeing Of Polyester Fabric With Disperse Dyes By
High Temperature Exhaust Method
Procedure :
Prepare The Dye Bath Using The Recipe Below
• M:L:R
• Ammonium Sulphate
• Dispersing Agent
1:30 to 1:40
2g/l
0.5g/
l

15. Dye The Sample Using The Following Dyeing Cycle

16. Dyeing With Disperse Dye
( High Temperature Exhaust Method )
• First the dye bath is made with the dye , dispersing agent and
the temperature is raised to 60`C .
• Next , Formic acid and Ammonium-Sulphate added till the pH is 5-6 .
• The dyeing should be continued and the temperature is raised to
130`C over period of 45 min.
• Then temperature reaches 130`C dyeing is done for 1 hour .
• Rinsed the sample with cold water .
• Removal the disperse dye on the surface of the fabric by
using Caustic Soda and Sodium Hydrosulphite and rinsed , Neutralize
the sample.

17. Thermolsol Process
• This process is suitable for mixed fabric of
Poly-Cotton or Poly-Wool .
• The thermo-sol dyeing process is consists of the
following stages .
Padding
After Treatment
Drying Thermofixing

18. ➢ Padding
The Padding Carried Out At 30 - 40`C With The
Following Ingredients
• Dispensing Agent
• Water
• Disperse dye
• Acetic Acid ( pH 6 – 7 )
• Wetting Agent
• Neutral alginate thickener

19. Thermosol Process
• After padding the cloth with the dye and the other
dried .
• Next stage is fixation of the disperse dye , the cloth is passed
through a hot air pin stenter for 60 second at 190 – 210 `C.
• After heat treatment the cloth washed .

20. Prepared By-
Khandaker Ataur Rahman
Email-
marjokapu1997@gmail.com
Concept & Design By-
KAR Nation