Presentation on prefixes and suffixes

1. PREFIX AND SUFFIX

2. Hoje vamos falar de um tópico que pode ser
muito útil em ampliar seu vocabulário, o que
vai ajudá-lo a entender textos mais
facilmente e se expressar melhor na língua
inglesa.
Vamos falar de
PREFIXOS
e
SUFIXOS

3. PREFIXES
Vamos tentar usar um pouco de Inglês?
Prefixes come at the beginning of a word.
They are usually one to three letters long,
and attaching them to a word will affect the
word’s meaning. Some prefixes even
combine with other prefixes to create words
such as unpremeditated (un+ pre+
meditated).

4. Conforme dito acima, a principal função de
um prefixo é alterar o significado (meaning)
de um termo. Observe:
Reversible= something we can turn back
Irreversible= something we can’t turn back
Ambos os termos são adjetivos. Mas
acrescentando o prefixo IR a palavra
assume o significado oposto.

5. Although many prefixes mean the
“negative” or “opposite” (dis, il, un, etc); nor
all of them have this meaning.
Some prefixes are so common that we
forget that they are not part of the original
word.
When we say “telephone”, for example. The
prefix “tele” means DISTANCE.

7. TO PLACE
REPLACE
MISPLACE
DISPLACE

8. TO DO
REDO
UNDO
OVERDO

9. DIS
LIKE
AGREE
ALLOW
APPEAR

11. • A-, an- (atheist) WITHOUT
• Ab- (abnormal) AWAY, FROM
• Auto- (autoimmune) SELF
• Ante- (antecessor) BEFORE
• Amphi (amphibian) BOTH
• Co-, com-, con- (concurrent) WITH
• Contra-, counter- (counteract) AGAINST
• Dis- (disadvantage) LACK OF, NOT

12. • Ex- (extract) OUT (OF), FORMER
• Exo-, ecto-, extra-, extro- (extraordinary)
OUTSIDE
• Geno- (genotype) ORIGIN
• Hetero- (heterodoxous) DIFFERENT,
OTHER, UNLIKE
• homeo, homo- (homegeneous) SAME,
LIKE
• Hyper- (hyperactive, hypertension)
ABOVE, EXCESSIVE
• Hypo –(hypodermic) UNDER,
INSUFFICIENT

13. • Holo- (holocaust) WHOLE, ENTIRE
• Hemi- (hemisphere) HALF
• Macro (macrocosm) LARGE
• Micro (microscope) SMALL
• Mal- (malfunction) BAD
• Non- (nonsense) NOT, LACKING
• Omni- (omnipotent) ALL
• Peri- (peripheral) AROUND
• Post- (posrgraduate) AFTER
• Crypto- (cryptographic) HIDDEN

14. • Re- (renew) AGAIN / BACK
• Pre- (preview) BEFORE
• Mis- (misbehave) WRONG / BAD
• De- (deforestation) REMOVE / REDUCE
• Tele- (television) FAR / DISTANT
• Un- (unhappy) NOT
• Pro- (promotion) FORWARD
• Bi- (biweekly) TWICE
• Uni- (uniform) ONE / SAME / WHOLE
• Octo- (octopus) EIGHT
• Sub- (subway) UNDER /LOW
• Multi- (multiple) MANY

15. Trans- (transport) ACROSS
En-, em- (encode) CAUSE TO
Inter (interact) BETWEEN
Intra- (intravenous) WITHIN
Mid (midway) MIDDLE
In-, im-, il-, ir- (impossible) NOT
Fore (foresee) before
Circum- (circumnavigate) AROUND
Geo (geology) EARTH
Vice- (vice-president) IN PLACE OF

16. Tente colocar nos seguintes termos os
respectivos prefixos.
Todas as palavras do grupo usam o mesmo
prefixo.

17. • HAPPY, STOPPABLE, TIDY, LUCKY,
IMPORTANT, ABLE
• POSSIBLE, PREGNABLE
• RESPONSIBLE, REGULAR,
REPARABLE,

18. • ORGANIZED, APPEAR,
• HONEST, AGREE
• LOGICAL , LEGAL
• DECISIVE, CORRECT, CAPABLE
• UNDERSTAND , INFORM, CALCULATE

19. SUFIXES
You find suffixes at the ends of words. Like
prefixes, they are a rich source of
information about a word.
However, besides coming in the end of the
word, there’s another BIG difference
between prefix and sufix.

20. Lembra que mencionamos que um prefixo tem por
função mudar o significado de um termo?
Sufixos têm função diferente. Observe:
Child = noun
Childish = adjective
Percebeu? Os termos permanecem com
significados semelhantes. Mas adicionando um
sufixo nós mudamos a classe gramatical da
palavra.
Saber disto ajuda muito a sua compreensão. Se
voce conhece um termo, de certo conhecerá o
outro.

22. PLACE
REPLACE
REPLACEMENT
DISPLACE
DISPLACEMENT

23. HAPPY
HAPPINESS
SAD
SADNESS
TIRED
TIREDNESS

24. NOUNS
-acy (state or quality)
democracy, accuracy, lunacy
-al (the action or process of)
remedial, denial, trial, criminal
-ance, -ence (state or quality of)
nuisance, ambience, tolerance
-dom (place or state of being)
freedom, stardom, boredom

25. -er, -or (person or object that does a
specified action)
reader, creator, interpreter, inventor,
collaborator, teacher
-ism (doctrine, belief)
Judaism, scepticism, escapism
-ist (person or object that does a specified
action)
Geologist, protagonist, sexist, scientist,
theorist, communist

26. -ity, -ty (quality of)
extremity, validity, enormity
-ment (condition)
enchantment, argument
-ness (state of being)
heaviness, highness, sickness
-ship (position held)
friendship, hardship, internship
-sion, -tion (state of being)
position, promotion, cohesion

27. -scope (see, range)
telescope
-phone (sound audio)
telephone

28. VERB
-ate (become)
mediate, collaborate, create
-em (become)
sharpen, strengthen, loosen
-ify, -fy(make or become)
justify, simplify, magnify, satisfy
-ise, -ize (become)
publicise, synthesise, hypnotise

29. ADJECTIVE
-able, -ible (capable of being)
edible, fallible, incredible, audible
-al (having the form or character of)
fiscal, thermal, herbal, colonial
-esque (in a manner of or resembling)
picturesque, burlesque, grotesque
-ful (notable for)
handful, playful, hopeful, skilful

30. -ic, -ical (having the form or character of)
psychological, hypocritical, methodical,
nonsensical, musical
-ious, -ous (characterised by)
pious, jealous, religious, ridiculous
-ish (having the quality of)
squeamish, sheepish, childish
-ive (having the nature of)
inquisitive, informative, attentive

31. -less (without)
meaningless, hopeless, homeless
-y (characterised by)
dainty, beauty, airy, jealousy

32. ADVERB
-ly (related to or quality)
softly, slowly, happily, crazily, madly
-ward, -wards (direction)
towards, afterwards, backwards, inward
-wise (in relation to)
otherwise, likewise, clockwise

33. Agora que você sabe mais um pouco, que
tal assistir um pequeno vídeo sobre o
assunto?
Cole o link abaixo em seu navegador, abra
o video e aprenda um pouco mais.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPqxNq
O8u-A