This document provides an overview of business organization and management concepts including monopoly, demand curve, revenue, and the differences between perfect and imperfect competition. It defines monopoly as a market with a single seller and no close substitutes. The demand curve under monopoly slopes downward, indicating an inverse relationship between price and quantity sold. It then defines and provides formulas for total revenue, average revenue, and marginal revenue. Under imperfect competition, marginal revenue falls faster than average revenue as output increases. In perfect competition, average revenue and marginal revenue are equal and demand is perfectly elastic.

1. PRESENTATION
OF
Business Organization and Management
Submitted By: Group-4(17BAL1031-17BAL1040)
BBALLB (Semester- 1)
Submitted To : Mrs.Puja Sharma
UILS

2. DEMAND CURVE UNDER MONOPOLY
MONOPOLY
 It is the form of the market in which there is a single seller of product with no close
substitutes.
 It implies that seller has full control on price of his good.
 Example: Railway in india are a monopoly industrial of
government of india.

 [Note:An industry is a group of firms producing a particular product]

3. Under monopoly full control over price, its does not means that the monopolist can sell
any amount of the commoditry at any price.
Once the monopolist fixed price of the commodity,quantity demanded will depend upon
the buyers.buyers will demand more if price lowered, and demad quantity sold by the
monopoly firm.
So that, there is inverse relationship between price and quantity sold by the monopoly
firm.accordingly,demand curve for a monopoly firm slope download as shown in below
figure 1.
DEMAND CURVE OF MONOPOLY FIRM

5. REVENUE AND ITS TYPE
REVENUE
 Money receive by a firm from the sales of the products is called revenue.
 Total revenue
 Average revenue
 Marginal renevue
1)Total revenue: Total money receipts of a firm the sales of agiven output is
called TR. Formula for TR; TR= Q * P.
EXAMPLE: if 100 ice cream slabs are sold at the rate Rs 100 per slabs.total revenue of the
firm will be:
output(100) * price(100)= Rs 10,000

6. Marginal revenue: marginal revenue is the change in total revenue when one more units
of a commodity is sold.
Formula for MR: TRn – TRn-1 here, MR=Marginal revenue
TRn=total revenue of ‘n’ units of
output
TRn-1=total revenue of ‘n-1’
units of outputs
Average revenue: Average revenue refers to revenue per units of outputs.if
FORMULA FOR AR=TR/Q
Thus,AR refers to the rate at which output is sold.what is rates? It refers to price of
the commodity.thus,AR is nothing but price of the product.

7. DEMAND AND REVENUE FOR MONOPOLY

8. EFFECTS UNDER IMPERFECT COMPETITION
 When MR is positive then TR is increase.
 When MR is zero then TR is at maximum.
 When MR become negative then TR start falling.
 When AR and MR both are falling then MR is fall faster than AR.
 AR and MR both are download sloping curve.
 MR curve always remains lower than AR.
 Demand curve is inelastic.
EFFECTS UNDER PERFECT COMPETITON
AR is equal to MR.
MR,AR and price curve are the same and horizontally parallel to x-axis.
Demand curve is perfectly elasticity.

9. THANK YOU