Students should be able to:
Illustrate and perform simple calculations using total revenue, average revenue and marginal revenue.
Draw and interpret revenue curves
Understand the relationships between total revenue, price elasticity of demand and marginal revenue
INTRODUCTION
A breakeven analysis is used to determine how much sales volume your business needs to start making a profit.
The breakeven analysis is especially useful when you're developing a pricing strategy, either as part of a marketing plan or a business plan.
In economics & business, specifically cost accounting, the break-even point (BEP) is the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has "broken even".
Total cost = Total revenue = B.E.P.
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Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
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Students should be able to:
Illustrate and perform simple calculations using total revenue, average revenue and marginal revenue.
Draw and interpret revenue curves
Understand the relationships between total revenue, price elasticity of demand and marginal revenue
INTRODUCTION
A breakeven analysis is used to determine how much sales volume your business needs to start making a profit.
The breakeven analysis is especially useful when you're developing a pricing strategy, either as part of a marketing plan or a business plan.
In economics & business, specifically cost accounting, the break-even point (BEP) is the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has "broken even".
Total cost = Total revenue = B.E.P.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
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Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
2. Contents
• Concept of revenue
• Total revenue
• Average Revenue
• Average revenue and price
• Marginal revenue
• Relationship between AR and MR
3. Revenue
• Total revenue:
The total amount of sale proceeds or the total receipts of the firm.
We can calculate the Total Revenue of the firm by multiplying the
quantity of goods with its price.
TR= P×Q
For Example: If a firm sells 100 meters of cloth at a price of 4 Rs. per
meter. Then TR will be:
TR= 100 x 4= 400
4. Average Revenue
• Average Revenue (AR) is revenue earned per unit of output. Average
Revenue is obtained by dividing the total revenue by the number of
units sold in the market.
• Average Revenue represents the average sale price per unit of the
commodity.
• Average revenue can also be called demand curve.
• AR =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑑
• AR=
𝑇𝑅
𝑄
5. Marginal revenue
• Marginal revenue is the addition made to the total revenue by a one-
unit increase in the volume of the sales by the firm in the market.
• MR =
TR
Q
Under Perfect Competition : Price remains constant
Under Imperfect Competition: Price decreases with increase in output
6. Relationship between AR and MR Under Perfect
Competition
(when price remains constant)
• when price remains constant, firms can sell any
quantity of output at the price fixed by the market.
• No firm is in a position to influence the market price
of the product.
• A firm can sell more quantity of output at the same
price.
• It means, the revenue of every additional unit (MR) is
equal to AR.
8. Explanation
• As a result, MR curve and AR is a horizontal straight
line parallel the x-axis.
• Since MR remains constant, TR increases at a constant
rate. Due to this reason, the TR curve is positively
sloped straight line.
• As TR zero at zero level of output, TR curve starts
from the origin.
10. Relationship between AR and MR Under Imperfect
Competition
(when price falls with increase in output)
• It can be in the form of Monopoly, duopoly or oligopoly.
• Demand curve facing the firm is negatively sloped.
• Under imperfect competition, the behavior of MR is that it lies below
the AR Curve.
11.
12. When firms can increase their volume of sales only by decreasing the
price, AR falls with increase in sale. It means, revenue from every
additional unit (i.e. MR) will be less than AR.
As a result, both AR and MR curve slope downwards from left to right.
Both MR and AR fall with increase in output. However, fall in MR is
double than that in AR.i.e., MR falls at a rate which is twice the rate of
fall in AR.
MR curve is steeper than AR curve because MR is limited to one unit,
whereas, AR is derived by all units.