3XRC4
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The document proposes a stream cipher based on the mathematical structure underlying the three-body problem. It describes modeling the three-body problem as a set of state variables that are iteratively updated according to specific rules. This mathematical structure is then used in the design of a stream cipher, where the internal state consists of state variables modeled on the three-body problem. The keystream is generated by updating these state variables in each round. It also presents an algorithm called 3XRC4 that extends the RC4 stream cipher based on this three-body problem structure.
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extracted_binary(1, col) = binary(1, col);
index(1, col) = col;
elseif ( result-binary(1, col) == 0 )
extracted_binary(1, col) = binary(1, col);
index(1, col) = col;
break;
end
end
% flip matrix
binary = fliplr(binary);
% doubling the powers by squaring the numbers
cols2 = length(extracted_binary);
rem_sqr = zeros(1, cols);
rem_sqr(1, 1) = mod(number^1, modulo);
if ( cols2 > 1 )
for ( col=2 : cols)
rem_sqr(1, col) = mod(rem_sqr(1, col-1)^2, modulo);
end
end
% flip matrix
rem_sqr = fliplr(rem_sqr);
% compute reminder
index = find(index);
remainder = rem_sqr(1, index(1, 1));
cols = length(index);
for (col=2 : cols)
remainder = mod(remainder*rem_sqr(1, index(1, col)), modulo);
end
HW 5-RSA/EGCP447-Lecture No 10.pdf
RSA Encryption
RSA = Rivest, Shamir, and Adelman (MIT), 1978
Underlying hard problem
– Number theory – determining prime factors of a given
(large) number
e.g., factoring of small #: 5 -) 5, 6 -) 2 *3
– Arithmetic modulo n
How secure is RSA?
– So far remains secure (after all these years...)
– Will somebody propose a quick algorithm to factor
large numbers?
– Will quantum computing break it? -) TBD
RSA Encryption
In RSA:
– P = E (D(P)) = D(E(P)) (order of D/E does not matter)
– More precisely: P = E(kE, D(kD, P)) = D(kD, E(kE, P))
Encryption: C = Pe mod n KE = e
– n is the key length
– Note, P is turned into an integer using a padding
scheme
– Given C, it is very difficult to find P without knowing
KD
Decryption: P = Cd mod n KD = d
We will look at this algorithm in detail next time
RSA Algorithm
1. Key Generation
– A key generation algorithm
2. RSA Function Evaluation
– A function F, that takes as an input a point x and a
key k and produces either an encrypted result or
plaintext, depending on the input and the key
Key Generation
The key generation algorithm is the most
complex part of RSA
The aim of the key generation algorithm is to
generate both th ...
Image Encryption and Compression
Image Encryption technique using Shamir's Encoding method and then compression of the encoded values using Vector Quantization
Basics of Cryptography
The document provides an overview of cryptography concepts for beginners. It discusses encryption techniques like encoding, encryption, obfuscation and cryptography. It also covers cryptanalysis, steganography, transposition ciphers, substitution ciphers, block ciphers and padding standards. Key concepts in public key cryptography like prime numbers, modular arithmetic, Diffie-Hellman key exchange and RSA encryption/decryption are summarized with examples. The document is intended as a basic introduction to cryptography topics for those just starting out.
Chapter Eight(2)
The document discusses code generation techniques in compiler construction. It covers generating code for control structures like if-statements and while-loops, as well as addressing techniques for data structures like arrays. Intermediate representations like three-address code and P-code are used. Label generation and back-patching allow jumps to not-yet defined code locations.
NCCU CPDA Lecture 12 Attribute Based Encryption
The document discusses attribute-based encryption (ABE) schemes, including Key-Policy ABE (KP-ABE) and Ciphertext-Policy ABE (CP-ABE). It defines the components of KP-ABE and CP-ABE, including setup, encryption, key generation, and decryption algorithms. It also describes the security models and proves the selective security of the GPSW KP-ABE scheme and correctness of the Waters CP-ABE scheme under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption. The document outlines the KP-ABE and CP-ABE constructions and security proofs in detail.
i need help fixing my program so that the user can input both uper and.pdf
i need help fixing my program so that the user can input both uper and lower case letters
Write a new C++ program named Vigerene.
use the rules of this website Code.org to return the message
Code.org (Links to an external site.)
Write the C++ program, Vigerene, which will prompt the user for a string message and a string
secret code. The code must be shorter than the message. Then write a function which takes the
message and code as parameters, and converts the two strings into a encrypted code using the
rules on the code.org website. Return the encrypted message and print it in the Main class.
Now write a new function which takes in an encrypted message and a secret code as two
parameters and decrypts the the message and returns it to Main for printing.
Here is sample output:
Enter your messge: my name is rick
Enter your secret code: helloworld
TBKYOHSQTVGVTNY
Enter your encrypted message
TBKYOHSQTVGVTNY
MY NAME IS RICK
code:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
string encrypt(string message, string code) {
string encrypted = "";
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++) {
char c = message[i];
if (isalpha(c)) {
int shift = code[j] - 'a';
char encrypted_char = (c + shift - 'a') % 26 + 'A';
encrypted += encrypted_char;
j = (j + 1) % code.length();
}
else {
encrypted += c;
}
}
return encrypted;
}
string decrypt(string message, string code) {
string decrypted = "";
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++) {
char c = message[i];
if (isalpha(c)) {
int shift = code[j] - 'a';
char decrypted_char = (c - shift - 'A' + 26) % 26 + 'A';
decrypted += decrypted_char;
j = (j + 1) % code.length();
}
else {
decrypted += c;
}
}
return decrypted;
}
int main() {
string message, code;
cout << "Enter your message: ";
getline(cin, message);
cout << "Enter your secret code: ";
getline(cin, code);
string encrypted = encrypt(message, code); // encrypt the message using the code
cout << "Encrypted message: " << encrypted << endl; // print the encrypted message
string decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, code); // decrypt the encrypted message using the code
cout << "Decrypted message: " << decrypted << endl; // print the decrypted message
cout << endl;
cout << "Enter your encrypted message: ";
getline(cin, encrypted);
decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, code);
cout << "Decrypted message: " << decrypted << endl;
return 0;
}
.
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3XRC4
- 1. Stream ciphers based on the mathematical structure underlying the 3 body problem.
- 2. Author : Samir Bouftass , Independant crypto researcher E-mail : crypticator@gmail.com
- 4. 1 - Key Stream Generation :
- 5. 2 - Encryption :
- 6. 3 – Decryption :
- 7. A KeyStream K should fulfill this condition :
- 8. The three body problem :
- 9. If we perform measurements after a time intervall T :
- 10. A modélisation of three body problem could be useful to crypto algorithmes design.
- 11. A General Stream cipher algorithm : Input Data : Secret Key : Sk. Plain Text : M = [ m_0….m_n] . Intermediate Data : Internal State : S = [s_0…..s_n] . KeyStream : K = [k_0….k_n]. Output Data : Cipher Text : C = [c_0…..c_n] .
- 12. State Initialization : s_0 = Initialize( Sk ). Encryption/Decryption loop : For i = 0 to n do s_(i+1) = F ( s_i ) k_i = G ( s_(i+1) ) c_i = k_i xor p_i
- 13. The mathematical structure underlying the three body problem.
- 14. The mathematical structure : Set S ={ [(p1_0,f1_0),(p2_0,f2_0),(p3_0,f3_0)] … [(p1_i,f1_i),(p2_i,f2_i),(p3_i,f3_i)] … [(p1_n,f1_n),(p2_n,f2_n),(pi_n,fi_n)] } Caracterized by following rules : f1_i+1 = F1(p2_i , p3_i ) f2_i+1 = F2(p3_i , p1_i ) f3_i+1 = F3(p1_i , p2_i ) p1_i+1 = G1(f1_i+1 ) p2_i+1 = G2(f2_i+1 ) p3_i+1 = G3(f3_i+1 )
- 15. A General Stream cipher algorithm based on the mathematical structure underlying the three body problem : Input Data : Secret Key : Sk. Plain Text : M = [ m_0….m_n] . Intermediate Data : Internal State : S = { [(p1_0,f1_0),(p2_0,f2_0),(p3_0,f3_0)] ….. [(p1_n,f1_n),(p2_n,f2_n),(p3_n,f3_n)] } Key Stream : K = [k_0….k_n]. Output Data : Cipher Text: C = [c_0…..c_n].
- 16. State Initialization : s_0 =[(p1_0,f1_0),(p2_0,f2_0),(p3_0,f3_0)] = Initialize(Cs ). Encryption/Decryption loop : For i = 0 to n do f1_i+1 = F1(p2_i , p3_i ) f2_i+1 = F2(p3_i , p1_i ) f3_i+1 = F3(p1_i , p2_i ) p1_i+1 = G1(f1_i+1 ) p2_i+1 = G2(f2_i+1 ) p3_i+1 = G3(f3_i+1 ) k_i = p1_i+1 c_i = k_i xor m_i
- 17. 3XRC4 : A RC4 variant based on the mathematical structure underlying The 3 body problème .
- 18. RC4 Algorithm: Secret key Sk, a componed of L bytes : K[0], …, K[L-1]. Initialization : for i : 0 to 255 S[i] : i. j : 0 for i : 0 to 255 j : ( j + S[i] + K[i mod L ] ) mod 256 swap S[i] and S[j]
- 19. Encryption / Decryption Loop : i : 0 , j : 0 for i : 0 to n i : ( i+1 ) mod 256 j : ( j+S[i] ) mod 256 swap S[i] and S[j]. k_i+1 = S[( S[i] + S[j] ) mod 256 ] c_i = k_i+1 xor m_i.
- 22. Secret Key Sk =[K1, K2, K3] , Ki=1..3 a componed of L bytes : ki[0], …, ki[L-1]. Initialization : for i : 0 to 255 S1[i] : S2[i] : S3[i] : i . u : v : w : 0 for i : 0 to 255 u : ( u + S2[S3[i]] + K1[ i mod L ] ) mod 256 swap S1[i] and S1[u] v : ( v + S3[S1[i]] + K2[ i mod L ] ) mod 256 swap S2[i] and S2[v] w : ( w + S3[S1[i]] + K3[ i mod L ] ) mod 256 swap S3[i] and S3[v]
- 23. Encryption / Decryption Loop : i : u : v : w :0 for i = 0 to n i : ( i+1 ) mod 256 u : ( u+S2[S3[i]] ) mod 256 swap S1[i] and S1[u] v : ( v+S3[S1[i]] ) mod 256 swap S2[i] and S2[v] w : ( w+S1[S2[i]] ) mod 256 swap S3[i] and S3[w] k_i+1 = S2[S3[( S1[i] + S1[u] ) mod 256 ]] c_i = k_i+1 xor m_i.