The document provides examples and rules for factoring different types of expressions: 1) It shows how to factor expressions of the form a^2 - b^2 into (a+b)(a-b) and gives an example. 2) It explains how to factor square trinomials of the form x^2 + bx + c by finding two factors of c that sum to b. 3) It discusses factoring expressions involving squares and how exponents work.